Solar eclipse of November 22, 1984
Solar eclipse of November 22, 1984 | |
---|---|
Type of eclipse | |
Nature | Total |
Gamma | −0.3132 |
Magnitude | 1.0237 |
Maximum eclipse | |
Duration | 120 s (2 min 0 s) |
Coordinates | 37°48′S 173°36′W / 37.8°S 173.6°W |
Max. width of band | 85 km (53 mi) |
Times (UTC) | |
Greatest eclipse | 22:54:17 |
References | |
Saros | 142 (21 of 72) |
Catalog # (SE5000) | 9475 |
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Thursday, November 22, 1984, with a magnitude of 1.0237. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Totality was visible in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and southern Pacific Ocean. West of the International Date Line the eclipse took place on November 23, including all land in the path of totality. Occurring only 2.1 days after perigee (on November 20, 1984), the Moon's apparent diameter was fairly larger.
Observations[edit]
Jay Pasachoff led an observation team from Williams College in Massachusetts to Papua New Guinea, taking images of the process of the eclipse and the corona, as well as the Baily's beads and the illuminance of the corona. Besides the observations, the team members also went to places near the Sepik River in northern Papua New Guinea.[1]
Related eclipses[edit]
Eclipses in 1984[edit]
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on May 15, 1984.
- An annular solar eclipse on May 30, 1984.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on June 13, 1984.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on November 8, 1984.
- A total solar eclipse on November 22, 1984.
Metonic[edit]
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 4, 1981
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 11, 1988
Tzolkinex[edit]
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 12, 1977
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 4, 1992
Half-Saros[edit]
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 18, 1975
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 29, 1993
Tritos[edit]
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 24, 1973
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995
Solar Saros 142[edit]
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 12, 1966
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 4, 2002
Inex[edit]
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 14, 1955
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 3, 2013
Triad[edit]
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 22, 1898
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 23, 2071
Solar eclipses of 1982–1985[edit]
This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[2]
The partial solar eclipses on January 25, 1982 and July 20, 1982 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.
Solar eclipse series sets from 1982 to 1985 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ascending node | Descending node | |||||
Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
117 | June 21, 1982 Partial |
−1.2102 | 122 | December 15, 1982 Partial |
1.1293 | |
127 | June 11, 1983 Total |
−0.4947 | 132 | December 4, 1983 Annular |
0.4015 | |
137 | May 30, 1984 Annular |
0.2755 | 142 Partial in Gisborne, New Zealand |
November 22, 1984 Total |
−0.3132 | |
147 | May 19, 1985 Partial |
1.072 | 152 | November 12, 1985 Total |
−0.9795 |
Saros 142[edit]
This eclipse is a part of Saros series 142, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on April 17, 1624. It contains a hybrid eclipse on July 14, 1768, and total eclipses from July 25, 1786 through October 29, 2543. There are no annular eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on June 5, 2904. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 38 at 6 minutes, 34 seconds on May 28, 2291. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[3]
Series members 11–32 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
---|---|---|
11 | 12 | 13 |
August 5, 1804 |
August 16, 1822 |
August 27, 1840 |
14 | 15 | 16 |
September 7, 1858 |
September 17, 1876 |
September 29, 1894 |
17 | 18 | 19 |
October 10, 1912 |
October 21, 1930 |
November 1, 1948 |
20 | 21 | 22 |
November 12, 1966 |
November 22, 1984 |
December 4, 2002 |
23 | 24 | 25 |
December 14, 2020 |
December 26, 2038 |
January 5, 2057 |
26 | 27 | 28 |
January 16, 2075 |
January 27, 2093 |
February 8, 2111 |
29 | 30 | 31 |
February 18, 2129 |
March 2, 2147 |
March 12, 2165 |
32 | ||
March 23, 2183 |
Inex series[edit]
This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
Inex series members between 1901 and 2100: | ||
---|---|---|
January 3, 1927 (Saros 140) |
December 14, 1955 (Saros 141) |
November 22, 1984 (Saros 142) |
November 3, 2013 (Saros 143) |
October 14, 2042 (Saros 144) |
September 23, 2071 (Saros 145) |
September 4, 2100 (Saros 146) |
Metonic series[edit]
The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.
22 eclipse events between September 12, 1931 and July 1, 2011. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
September 11-12 | June 30-July 1 | April 17-19 | February 4-5 | November 22-23 |
114 | 116 | 118 | 120 | 122 |
September 12, 1931 |
June 30, 1935 |
April 19, 1939 |
February 4, 1943 |
November 23, 1946 |
124 | 126 | 128 | 130 | 132 |
September 12, 1950 |
June 30, 1954 |
April 19, 1958 |
February 5, 1962 |
November 23, 1965 |
134 | 136 | 138 | 140 | 142 |
September 11, 1969 |
June 30, 1973 |
April 18, 1977 |
February 4, 1981 |
November 22, 1984 |
144 | 146 | 148 | 150 | 152 |
September 11, 1988 |
June 30, 1992 |
April 17, 1996 |
February 5, 2000 |
November 23, 2003 |
154 | 156 | |||
September 11, 2007 |
July 1, 2011 |
Notes[edit]
- ^ "1984, Papua New Guinea". Williams College. Archived from the original on 27 September 2020.
- ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 142". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
References[edit]
- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC