Nuclear Terrorism: Assessment of U.S. Strategies to Prevent, Counter, and Respond to Weapons of Mass Destruction (2024)

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Appendix A Presentations at the Committee’s Public Information-Gathering Sessions COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING AND IMPROVING STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING, COUNTERING, AND RESPONDING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM: NUCLEAR THREATS Information Gathering Meeting #1 JUNE 21, 2022 • DOE National Nuclear Security Administration Counterterrorism and Counterproliferation (NA-80) Dallas Boyd • DOE National Nuclear Security Administration | Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation (NA-20) Christine Bent • Overview of the MacArthur Foundation Project on Bolstering Counter- Proliferation Efforts within the Global Supply System (Co-Principal Investigators John Holmes and Stephen Flynn) Prof. Stephen Flynn (for Captain John Holmes, U.S. Coast Guard (ret.) • Nuclear Threat Initiative, Senior Director Nickolas Roth Nickolas Roth, Senior Director, Nuclear Threat Initiative’s Nuclear Materials Security Program Team • Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs (Harvard Kennedy School), Program Director Simon Saradzhyan Simon Saradzhyan Program Director, Belfer Center, U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism • Boston University Frederick S. Pardee School of Global Studies, Prof. Jessica Stern Jessica Stern’s Homeland Security Experts Group and Fellow Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft. COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING AND IMPROVING STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING, COUNTERING, AND RESPONDING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM: NUCLEAR THREATS Information Gathering Meeting #2 AUGUST 15, 2022 • The Changing Nuclear Eras Jane Lute, President and CEO Council on Cybersecurity Strategic Director SICPA North America Prepublication Copy 116 

Appendix A • The Role of NGOs to Counter Nuclear Terrorism Emma Belcher, President Ploughshares Fund • Roundtable Discussion Uri Friedman Atlantic Council, The Atlantic • Roundtable Discussion David Sanger The New York Times COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING AND IMPROVING STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING, COUNTERING, AND RESPONDING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM: NUCLEAR THREATS Information Gathering Meeting #3 NOVEMBER 16, 2022 • Worker And Public Health and Safety Risks Kathryn Higley, Oregon State University • Advanced Nuclear Reactor Safeguards and Security Ken Luongo, Partnership for Global Security Per Peterson, Kairos Power and University of California Jack Edlow, Edlow International Company • U.S. Foreign Obligations on Exported Nuclear Material, Nuclear Regulatory Commission Panel James Rubenstone, Chief, Material Control and Accounting Branch, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards (NMSS) Barry Miller, Senior International Policy Analyst, Office of International Programs (OIP) Cynthia Jones, Senior Technical Advisor for Nuclear Security, Office of Nuclear Security and Incident Response (NSIR) Rebecca Richardson, Deputy Director, Division of Physical and Cyber Security Policy, NSIR Desiree Davis, Acting Chief, Materials Security Branch, NSIR COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING AND IMPROVING STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING, COUNTERING, AND RESPONDING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM: NUCLEAR THREATS Information Gathering Meeting #4 NOVEMBER 29, 2022 • Opening Remarks by DNN Kasia Mendelson Global Material Security (GMS) Art Atkins, Daniel Abeyta, Christine Bent, Allison Johnston, Kristin Hirsch, International Nuclear Security, Radiological Security Nuclear Smuggling Detection and Deterrence • Materials Management and Minimization (M3) Prepublication Copy 117 

Nuclear Terrorism: Strategies to Prevent, Counter, & Respond to Weapons of Mass Destruction Jeffrey Chamberlin, Joan Dix, Tiffany Blanchard-Case Nuclear Materials Removals Research Reactor Conversions COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING AND IMPROVING STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING, COUNTERING, AND RESPONDING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM: NUCLEAR THREATS Information Gathering Meeting #5 DECEMBER 6, 2022 • 9/11 First Responder, World Trade Center Joseph Pfeifer, retired Assistant Chief of the New York City Fire Department, Chief of Counterterrorism and Emergency Preparedness (Retired) Senior Fellow with the Program on Crisis Leadership at Harvard Kennedy • 9/11 First Responder, The US Pentagon James Schwartz, retired Chief of Arlington County Fire Department and Deputy County Manager, Arlington County Senior Fellow with the Program on Crisis Leadership at Harvard Kennedy • Response and Recovery to Nuclear Terrorism Orly Amir, Department of Homeland Security, Program Manager, National Urban Security Technology Laboratory Adela Salame-Alfie/Armin Ansari, Center for Disease Control, Radiation Studies Section • Response and Recovery to Nuclear Terrorism Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Jessica Wieder, Deputy Director, Communications Division Jonathan Gill, Physical Scientist Joselito Ignacio, Acting Director and Public Health Advisor Janis McCarroll, Senior Public Health Advisor COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING AND IMPROVING STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING, COUNTERING, AND RESPONDING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM: NUCLEAR THREATS Information Gathering Meeting #6 DECEMBER 15, 2022 • Opening Address Sara Cohen, Deputy Head of Mission, Embassy of Canada to the United States • Experience across many time zones: Reflections of a Federal Responder Daniel Blumenthal, Attaché, U.S. Department of Energy • Assessing a Currently Changing Nuclear Landscape and the WMD Nuclear Terrorism Risk Ambassador Kenneth Brill, Founding Director U.S. National Counter-proliferation Center (2005-10), retired US Diplomat Brian Finlay, President and CEO, The Stimson Center Amy Woolf, Nonresident Senior Fellow, Atlantic Council Prepublication Copy 118 

Appendix A Moderator: Stephen Flynn, Chair, National Academies WMD Nuclear Terrorism Committee • Bolstering International Efforts to Prevent Non-State Actors from Developing, Acquiring, Manufacturing, Possessing, Transporting, Transferring, or Using Nuclear Weapons and Their Means of Delivery Nicki Mokhtari, United Nations Office of Preventing and Responding to WMD/CBRN Terrorism Unit Christian Carnus, Criminal Intelligence Analyst, INTERPOL Richard Cupitt, The Stimson Center (retired) Moderator: Luke Hartig, President of National Journal Research, former senior director at the National Security Council • The Importance of International Cooperation Ambassador Bonnie Denise Jenkins, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, U.S. Department of State Administrator Jill Hruby, Under Secretary of Nuclear Security and Administrator, National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), U.S. Department of Energy Moderator: David Sanger, White House and National Security Correspondent, The New York Times • Resilience to a Nuclear Terrorism Incident Kathleen Heppell-Masys, Director General, Security and Safeguards, Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission Wendin Smith, Director, Arms Control, Disarmament, WMD Non-Proliferation Centre, NATO Moderator, Michael Gresalfi, Former Senior Advisor on Counterproliferation and WMD Threats to FEMA, DOE, and DHS • Roundtable Discussion with U.S. Allies, Panelists, and Committee Members Moderator: Stephen Flynn, Chair, National Academies WMD Nuclear Terrorism Committee COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING AND IMPROVING STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING, COUNTERING, AND RESPONDING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM: NUCLEAR THREATS Information Gathering Meeting #7 MARCH 6, 2023 • Welcome Drew Kuepper, Strategy and Analysis Deputy Assistant Secretary, Department of Homeland Security • R/N Threat Assessment Kevin Lehman, Lead Briefer, Department of Homeland Security • R/N Risk Jennifer Pavlick, Management and Program Analysis, Department of Homeland Security • FY23-27 Global Nuclear Detection Architecture Strategy & DHS Inbound Nuclear Planning Framework Major Greg Abide, Strategic Planner, Department of Homeland Security Prepublication Copy 119 

Nuclear Terrorism: Strategies to Prevent, Counter, & Respond to Weapons of Mass Destruction William Bilicic, Strategy Development Branch Chief, Department of Homeland Security Fredrick Breaux, Department of Homeland Security • DHS Component Capabilities Panel, DHS Components: CISA, CWMD, TSA, & USCG Moderator, Theodore Macklin, President Founder, TOMAR Research Inc. • CWMD Principal Deputy Assistant Remarks Charles “Chas” Cook, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary, Department of Homeland Security • ODNI Brief/ • USSOCOM Brief COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING AND IMPROVING STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING, COUNTERING, AND RESPONDING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TERRORISM: NUCLEAR THREATS Information Gathering Meeting #8 MAY 2, 2023 • Briefing Melissa Dalton, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Homeland Defense and Hemispheric Affairs, Department of Defense Prepublication Copy 120