This document provides an overview and comparison of SQL and NoSQL databases. It begins by defining SQL and NoSQL databases and listing some of their key characteristics. SQL databases are relational, use structured query language (SQL), and have ACID transactions, while NoSQL databases are non-relational, use dynamic schemas, and have BASE consistency. The document then discusses some examples of SQL and NoSQL databases and different NoSQL database types like document stores, key-value stores, and column stores. It also covers MongoDB specifically, providing definitions and examples.
This document provides an overview of NoSQL databases. It discusses that NoSQL databases are non-relational and do not follow the RDBMS principles. It describes some of the main types of NoSQL databases including document stores, key-value stores, column-oriented stores, and graph databases. It also discusses how NoSQL databases are designed for massive scalability and do not guarantee ACID properties, instead following a BASE model ofBasically Available, Soft state, and Eventually Consistent.
The document discusses the rapid growth of data on the web and how NoSQL databases provide an alternative to traditional relational databases by being able to handle massive amounts of unstructured and semi-structured data across a large number of servers in a simple and scalable way. It reviews different types of NoSQL databases like key-value stores, document databases, and graph databases and provides examples of popular NoSQL databases like MongoDB, CouchDB, HBase, and Neo4j that are being used by large companies to store and query large datasets.
MongoDB is a document database that provides high performance, high availability, and easy scalability through embedding, indexing, replication, and sharding. It uses a dynamic schema which allows polymorphism and flexible data structures. MongoDB stores data as documents with dynamic schema in BSON format and provides CRUD operations through methods like insert(), find(), update(), and remove(). It can be deployed in standalone, replica set, or sharded cluster configurations for scaling.
Fast, distributed NoSQL and relational database at any scale. This contains many features including Partition and Indexes,
Data movement, Change Feed
Integration (Azure Functions and Search), Consistency Models, Replication and Multi-write, etc.,
This document provides an introduction to NoSQL and MongoDB. It explains that NoSQL is a non-relational database designed for large volumes of unstructured data across distributed systems. It discusses the history and limitations of relational databases that led to the development of NoSQL technologies. The document also outlines different NoSQL database types, compares NoSQL to SQL databases, and provides an overview of MongoDB's features and operations."
This document discusses MongoDB and provides information on why it is useful, how it works, and best practices. Specifically, it notes that MongoDB is a noSQL database that is easy to use, scalable, and supports high performance and availability. It is well-suited for flexible schemas, embedded documents, and complex relationships. The document also covers topics like BSON, CRUD operations, indexing, map reduce, transactions, replication, and sharding in MongoDB.
MongoDB is an open source, scalable, high-performance, document-oriented NoSQL database that uses a schema-less JSON-style document model, supports master-slave replication and horizontal sharding to scale out, and provides basic CRUD operations and rich queries on document collections. The document demonstrates MongoDB's data structures, basic CRUD operations, indexing, querying, optimization, architecture including replication and sharding, and use cases.
TechEd AU 2014: Microsoft Azure DocumentDB Deep Dive
Intergen CTO Chris Auld (Microsoft MVP, Microsoft Regional Director) goes deep into Microsoft Azure DocumentDB, the new fully managed, highly-scalable, NoSQL document database service. You will learn the basics - including a single slide that will give you the most important things you should know.
Cloud architectural patterns and Microsoft Azure tools
This document discusses various cloud architectural patterns and Microsoft Azure services. It provides an overview of data management, resiliency, and messaging patterns. It then demonstrates the Materialized View pattern and how it can improve query performance. Finally, it shows examples of Azure Tables, DocumentDB, and Azure Service Bus queues for messaging between loosely coupled applications.
The document provides an introduction to NoSQL databases, including key definitions and characteristics. It discusses that NoSQL databases are non-relational and do not follow RDBMS principles. It also summarizes different types of NoSQL databases like document stores, key-value stores, and column-oriented stores. Examples of popular databases for each type are also provided.
Qu'elles soient, big ou small, structurées ou semi structurées, relationnelles ou pas, nous vous proposons un tour des solutions data dans Azure.
Vidéo disponible ici : https://youtu.be/6D4jAcxfWCQ.
SQLLite and Java
SQLite is an embedded SQL database that is not a client/server system but is instead accessed via function calls from an application. It uses a single cross-platform database file. The android.database.sqlite package provides classes for managing SQLite databases in Android applications, including methods for creating, opening, inserting, updating, deleting, and querying the database. Queries return results as a Cursor object that can be used to access data.
SQL To NoSQL - Top 6 Questions Before Making The Move
Learn what you need to consider when moving from the world of relational databases to a NoSQL document store.
Hear from Developer Advocate Glynn Bird as he explains the key differences between relational databases and JSON document stores like Cloudant, as well as how to dodge the pitfalls of migrating from a relational database to NoSQL.
Ardra Nakshatra (आर्द्रा): Understanding its Effects and Remedies
Ardra Nakshatra, the sixth Nakshatra in Vedic astrology, spans from 6°40' to 20° in the Gemini zodiac sign. Governed by Rahu, the north lunar node, Ardra translates to "the moist one" or "the star of sorrow." Symbolized by a teardrop, it represents the transformational power of storms, bringing both destruction and renewal.
About Astro Pathshala
Astro Pathshala is a renowned astrology institute offering comprehensive astrology courses and personalized astrological consultations for over 20 years. Founded by Gurudev Sunil Vashist ji, Astro Pathshala has been a beacon of knowledge and guidance in the field of Vedic astrology. With a team of experienced astrologers, the institute provides in-depth courses that cover various aspects of astrology, including Nakshatras, planetary influences, and remedies. Whether you are a beginner seeking to learn astrology or someone looking for expert astrological advice, Astro Pathshala is dedicated to helping you navigate life's challenges and unlock your full potential through the ancient wisdom of Vedic astrology.
For more information about their courses and consultations, visit Astro Pathshala.
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏.𝟎)-𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐬
Lesson Outcome:
-Students will understand the basics of gardening, including the importance of soil, water, and sunlight for plant growth. They will learn to identify and use essential gardening tools, plant seeds, and seedlings properly, and manage common garden pests using eco-friendly methods.
Slide 1
Is Email Marketing Really Effective in 2024?
Yes, Email Marketing is still a great method for direct marketing.
Slide 2
In this article we will cover:
- What is Email Marketing?
- Pros and cons of Email Marketing.
- Tools available for Email Marketing.
- Ways to make Email Marketing effective.
Slide 3
What Is Email Marketing?
Using email to contact customers is called Email Marketing. It's a quiet and effective communication method. Mastering it can significantly boost business. In digital marketing, two long-term assets are your website and your email list. Social media apps may change, but your website and email list remain constant.
Slide 4
Types of Email Marketing:
1. Welcome Emails
2. Information Emails
3. Transactional Emails
4. Newsletter Emails
5. Lead Nurturing Emails
6. Sponsorship Emails
7. Sales Letter Emails
8. Re-Engagement Emails
9. Brand Story Emails
10. Review Request Emails
Slide 5
Advantages Of Email Marketing
1. Cost-Effective: Cheaper than other methods.
2. Easy: Simple to learn and use.
3. Targeted Audience: Reach your exact audience.
4. Detailed Messages: Convey clear, detailed messages.
5. Non-Disturbing: Less intrusive than social media.
6. Non-Irritating: Customers are less likely to get annoyed.
7. Long Format: Use detailed text, photos, and videos.
8. Easy to Unsubscribe: Customers can easily opt out.
9. Easy Tracking: Track delivery, open rates, and clicks.
10. Professional: Seen as more professional; customers read carefully.
Slide 6
Disadvantages Of Email Marketing:
1. Irrelevant Emails: Costs can rise with irrelevant emails.
2. Poor Content: Boring emails can lead to disengagement.
3. Easy Unsubscribe: Customers can easily leave your list.
Slide 7
Email Marketing Tools
Choosing a good tool involves considering:
1. Deliverability: Email delivery rate.
2. Inbox Placement: Reaching inbox, not spam or promotions.
3. Ease of Use: Simplicity of use.
4. Cost: Affordability.
5. List Maintenance: Keeping the list clean.
6. Features: Regular features like Broadcast and Sequence.
7. Automation: Better with automation.
Slide 8
Top 5 Email Marketing Tools:
1. ConvertKit
2. Get Response
3. Mailchimp
4. Active Campaign
5. Aweber
Slide 9
Email Marketing Strategy
To get good results, consider:
1. Build your own list.
2. Never buy leads.
3. Respect your customers.
4. Always provide value.
5. Don’t email just to sell.
6. Write heartfelt emails.
7. Stick to a schedule.
8. Use photos and videos.
9. Segment your list.
10. Personalize emails.
11. Ensure mobile-friendliness.
12. Optimize timing.
13. Keep designs clean.
14. Remove cold leads.
Slide 10
Uses of Email Marketing:
1. Affiliate Marketing
2. Blogging
3. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
4. Newsletter Circulation
5. Transaction Notifications
6. Information Dissemination
7. Gathering Feedback
8. Selling Courses
9. Selling Products/Services
Read Full Article:
https://digitalsamaaj.com/is-email-marketing-effective-in-2024/
Some business organizations give membership to their customers to ensure the long term relationship with those customers. If the customer is a member of the business then they get special offers and other benefits. The membership module in odoo 17 is helpful to manage everything related to the membership of multiple customers.
How to Show Sample Data in Tree and Kanban View in Odoo 17
In Odoo 17, sample data serves as a valuable resource for users seeking to familiarize themselves with the functionalities and capabilities of the software prior to integrating their own information. In this slide we are going to discuss about how to show sample data to a tree view and a kanban view.
How to Add Colour Kanban Records in Odoo 17 Notebook
In Odoo 17, you can enhance the visual appearance of your Kanban view by adding color-coded records using the Notebook feature. This allows you to categorize and distinguish between different types of records based on specific criteria. By adding colors, you can quickly identify and prioritize tasks or items, improving organization and efficiency within your workflow.
Join educators from the US and worldwide at this year’s conference, themed “Strategies for Proficiency & Acquisition,” to learn from top experts in world language teaching.
Principles of Rood’s Approach
Treatment technique used in physiotherapy for neurological patients which aids them to recover and improve quality of life
Facilitatory techniques
Inhibitory techniques
Delegation Inheritance in Odoo 17 and Its Use Cases
There are 3 types of inheritance in odoo Classical, Extension, and Delegation. Delegation inheritance is used to sink other models to our custom model. And there is no change in the views. This slide will discuss delegation inheritance and its use cases in odoo 17.
With Odoo, we can select from a wide selection of attractive themes. Many excellent ones are free to use, while some require payment. Putting an Odoo theme in the Odoo module directory on our server, downloading the theme, and then installing it is a simple process.
Odoo allows users to split long shifts into multiple segments directly from the Gantt view.Each segment retains details of the original shift, such as employee assignment, start time, end time, and specific tasks or descriptions.
In Odoo 17, confirmed and uninvoiced sales orders are now factored into a partner's total receivables. As a result, the credit limit warning system now considers this updated calculation, leading to more accurate and effective credit management.
The Jewish Trinity : Sabbath,Shekinah and Sanctuary 4.pdf
we may assume that God created the cosmos to be his great temple, in which he rested after his creative work. Nevertheless, his special revelatory presence did not fill the entire earth yet, since it was his intention that his human vice-regent, whom he installed in the garden sanctuary, would extend worldwide the boundaries of that sanctuary and of God’s presence. Adam, of course, disobeyed this mandate, so that humanity no longer enjoyed God’s presence in the little localized garden. Consequently, the entire earth became infected with sin and idolatry in a way it had not been previously before the fall, while yet in its still imperfect newly created state. Therefore, the various expressions about God being unable to inhabit earthly structures are best understood, at least in part, by realizing that the old order and sanctuary have been tainted with sin and must be cleansed and recreated before God’s Shekinah presence, formerly limited to heaven and the holy of holies, can dwell universally throughout creation
Slides from my talk at ACCU2011 in Oxford on 16th April 2011. A whirlwind tour of the non-relational database families, with a little more detail on Redis, MongoDB, Neo4j and HBase.
This document summarizes a presentation about migrating to PostgreSQL. It discusses PostgreSQL's history and features, including its open source nature, performance, extensibility, and support for JSON, XML, and other data types. It also covers installation, common SQL features, indexing, concurrency control using MVCC, and best practices for optimization. The presentation aims to explain why developers may want to use PostgreSQL as an alternative or complement to other databases.
SQL-based databases have been around for decades and they power a wide range of applications. So what exactly do NoSQL databases bring to the table? In this webcast, you'll find out how NoSQL can liberate your development cycle, allow your application to scale and improve your system's uptime.
This document provides an overview of NoSQL databases. It discusses that NoSQL databases are non-relational and do not follow the RDBMS principles. It describes some of the main types of NoSQL databases including document stores, key-value stores, column-oriented stores, and graph databases. It also discusses how NoSQL databases are designed for massive scalability and do not guarantee ACID properties, instead following a BASE model ofBasically Available, Soft state, and Eventually Consistent.
The document discusses the rapid growth of data on the web and how NoSQL databases provide an alternative to traditional relational databases by being able to handle massive amounts of unstructured and semi-structured data across a large number of servers in a simple and scalable way. It reviews different types of NoSQL databases like key-value stores, document databases, and graph databases and provides examples of popular NoSQL databases like MongoDB, CouchDB, HBase, and Neo4j that are being used by large companies to store and query large datasets.
MongoDB is a document database that provides high performance, high availability, and easy scalability through embedding, indexing, replication, and sharding. It uses a dynamic schema which allows polymorphism and flexible data structures. MongoDB stores data as documents with dynamic schema in BSON format and provides CRUD operations through methods like insert(), find(), update(), and remove(). It can be deployed in standalone, replica set, or sharded cluster configurations for scaling.
Fast, distributed NoSQL and relational database at any scale. This contains many features including Partition and Indexes,
Data movement, Change Feed
Integration (Azure Functions and Search), Consistency Models, Replication and Multi-write, etc.,
This document provides an introduction to NoSQL and MongoDB. It explains that NoSQL is a non-relational database designed for large volumes of unstructured data across distributed systems. It discusses the history and limitations of relational databases that led to the development of NoSQL technologies. The document also outlines different NoSQL database types, compares NoSQL to SQL databases, and provides an overview of MongoDB's features and operations."
This document discusses MongoDB and provides information on why it is useful, how it works, and best practices. Specifically, it notes that MongoDB is a noSQL database that is easy to use, scalable, and supports high performance and availability. It is well-suited for flexible schemas, embedded documents, and complex relationships. The document also covers topics like BSON, CRUD operations, indexing, map reduce, transactions, replication, and sharding in MongoDB.
MongoDB is an open source, scalable, high-performance, document-oriented NoSQL database that uses a schema-less JSON-style document model, supports master-slave replication and horizontal sharding to scale out, and provides basic CRUD operations and rich queries on document collections. The document demonstrates MongoDB's data structures, basic CRUD operations, indexing, querying, optimization, architecture including replication and sharding, and use cases.
TechEd AU 2014: Microsoft Azure DocumentDB Deep DiveIntergen
Intergen CTO Chris Auld (Microsoft MVP, Microsoft Regional Director) goes deep into Microsoft Azure DocumentDB, the new fully managed, highly-scalable, NoSQL document database service. You will learn the basics - including a single slide that will give you the most important things you should know.
Cloud architectural patterns and Microsoft Azure toolsPushkar Chivate
This document discusses various cloud architectural patterns and Microsoft Azure services. It provides an overview of data management, resiliency, and messaging patterns. It then demonstrates the Materialized View pattern and how it can improve query performance. Finally, it shows examples of Azure Tables, DocumentDB, and Azure Service Bus queues for messaging between loosely coupled applications.
The document provides an introduction to NoSQL databases, including key definitions and characteristics. It discusses that NoSQL databases are non-relational and do not follow RDBMS principles. It also summarizes different types of NoSQL databases like document stores, key-value stores, and column-oriented stores. Examples of popular databases for each type are also provided.
Qu'elles soient, big ou small, structurées ou semi structurées, relationnelles ou pas, nous vous proposons un tour des solutions data dans Azure.
Vidéo disponible ici : https://youtu.be/6D4jAcxfWCQ.
SQLLite and Java
SQLite is an embedded SQL database that is not a client/server system but is instead accessed via function calls from an application. It uses a single cross-platform database file. The android.database.sqlite package provides classes for managing SQLite databases in Android applications, including methods for creating, opening, inserting, updating, deleting, and querying the database. Queries return results as a Cursor object that can be used to access data.
Learn what you need to consider when moving from the world of relational databases to a NoSQL document store.
Hear from Developer Advocate Glynn Bird as he explains the key differences between relational databases and JSON document stores like Cloudant, as well as how to dodge the pitfalls of migrating from a relational database to NoSQL.
Ardra Nakshatra (आर्द्रा): Understanding its Effects and RemediesAstro Pathshala
Ardra Nakshatra, the sixth Nakshatra in Vedic astrology, spans from 6°40' to 20° in the Gemini zodiac sign. Governed by Rahu, the north lunar node, Ardra translates to "the moist one" or "the star of sorrow." Symbolized by a teardrop, it represents the transformational power of storms, bringing both destruction and renewal.
About Astro Pathshala
Astro Pathshala is a renowned astrology institute offering comprehensive astrology courses and personalized astrological consultations for over 20 years. Founded by Gurudev Sunil Vashist ji, Astro Pathshala has been a beacon of knowledge and guidance in the field of Vedic astrology. With a team of experienced astrologers, the institute provides in-depth courses that cover various aspects of astrology, including Nakshatras, planetary influences, and remedies. Whether you are a beginner seeking to learn astrology or someone looking for expert astrological advice, Astro Pathshala is dedicated to helping you navigate life's challenges and unlock your full potential through the ancient wisdom of Vedic astrology.
For more information about their courses and consultations, visit Astro Pathshala.
(T.L.E.) Agriculture: Essentials of GardeningMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏.𝟎)-𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐬
Lesson Outcome:
-Students will understand the basics of gardening, including the importance of soil, water, and sunlight for plant growth. They will learn to identify and use essential gardening tools, plant seeds, and seedlings properly, and manage common garden pests using eco-friendly methods.
Is Email Marketing Really Effective In 2024?Rakesh Jalan
Slide 1
Is Email Marketing Really Effective in 2024?
Yes, Email Marketing is still a great method for direct marketing.
Slide 2
In this article we will cover:
- What is Email Marketing?
- Pros and cons of Email Marketing.
- Tools available for Email Marketing.
- Ways to make Email Marketing effective.
Slide 3
What Is Email Marketing?
Using email to contact customers is called Email Marketing. It's a quiet and effective communication method. Mastering it can significantly boost business. In digital marketing, two long-term assets are your website and your email list. Social media apps may change, but your website and email list remain constant.
Slide 4
Types of Email Marketing:
1. Welcome Emails
2. Information Emails
3. Transactional Emails
4. Newsletter Emails
5. Lead Nurturing Emails
6. Sponsorship Emails
7. Sales Letter Emails
8. Re-Engagement Emails
9. Brand Story Emails
10. Review Request Emails
Slide 5
Advantages Of Email Marketing
1. Cost-Effective: Cheaper than other methods.
2. Easy: Simple to learn and use.
3. Targeted Audience: Reach your exact audience.
4. Detailed Messages: Convey clear, detailed messages.
5. Non-Disturbing: Less intrusive than social media.
6. Non-Irritating: Customers are less likely to get annoyed.
7. Long Format: Use detailed text, photos, and videos.
8. Easy to Unsubscribe: Customers can easily opt out.
9. Easy Tracking: Track delivery, open rates, and clicks.
10. Professional: Seen as more professional; customers read carefully.
Slide 6
Disadvantages Of Email Marketing:
1. Irrelevant Emails: Costs can rise with irrelevant emails.
2. Poor Content: Boring emails can lead to disengagement.
3. Easy Unsubscribe: Customers can easily leave your list.
Slide 7
Email Marketing Tools
Choosing a good tool involves considering:
1. Deliverability: Email delivery rate.
2. Inbox Placement: Reaching inbox, not spam or promotions.
3. Ease of Use: Simplicity of use.
4. Cost: Affordability.
5. List Maintenance: Keeping the list clean.
6. Features: Regular features like Broadcast and Sequence.
7. Automation: Better with automation.
Slide 8
Top 5 Email Marketing Tools:
1. ConvertKit
2. Get Response
3. Mailchimp
4. Active Campaign
5. Aweber
Slide 9
Email Marketing Strategy
To get good results, consider:
1. Build your own list.
2. Never buy leads.
3. Respect your customers.
4. Always provide value.
5. Don’t email just to sell.
6. Write heartfelt emails.
7. Stick to a schedule.
8. Use photos and videos.
9. Segment your list.
10. Personalize emails.
11. Ensure mobile-friendliness.
12. Optimize timing.
13. Keep designs clean.
14. Remove cold leads.
Slide 10
Uses of Email Marketing:
1. Affiliate Marketing
2. Blogging
3. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
4. Newsletter Circulation
5. Transaction Notifications
6. Information Dissemination
7. Gathering Feedback
8. Selling Courses
9. Selling Products/Services
Read Full Article:
https://digitalsamaaj.com/is-email-marketing-effective-in-2024/
The membership Module in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
Some business organizations give membership to their customers to ensure the long term relationship with those customers. If the customer is a member of the business then they get special offers and other benefits. The membership module in odoo 17 is helpful to manage everything related to the membership of multiple customers.
How to Show Sample Data in Tree and Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo 17, sample data serves as a valuable resource for users seeking to familiarize themselves with the functionalities and capabilities of the software prior to integrating their own information. In this slide we are going to discuss about how to show sample data to a tree view and a kanban view.
How to Add Colour Kanban Records in Odoo 17 NotebookCeline George
In Odoo 17, you can enhance the visual appearance of your Kanban view by adding color-coded records using the Notebook feature. This allows you to categorize and distinguish between different types of records based on specific criteria. By adding colors, you can quickly identify and prioritize tasks or items, improving organization and efficiency within your workflow.
Join educators from the US and worldwide at this year’s conference, themed “Strategies for Proficiency & Acquisition,” to learn from top experts in world language teaching.
Principles of Roods Approach!!!!!!!.pptxibtesaam huma
Principles of Rood’s Approach
Treatment technique used in physiotherapy for neurological patients which aids them to recover and improve quality of life
Facilitatory techniques
Inhibitory techniques
Delegation Inheritance in Odoo 17 and Its Use CasesCeline George
There are 3 types of inheritance in odoo Classical, Extension, and Delegation. Delegation inheritance is used to sink other models to our custom model. And there is no change in the views. This slide will discuss delegation inheritance and its use cases in odoo 17.
How to Install Theme in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
With Odoo, we can select from a wide selection of attractive themes. Many excellent ones are free to use, while some require payment. Putting an Odoo theme in the Odoo module directory on our server, downloading the theme, and then installing it is a simple process.
Split Shifts From Gantt View in the Odoo 17Celine George
Odoo allows users to split long shifts into multiple segments directly from the Gantt view.Each segment retains details of the original shift, such as employee assignment, start time, end time, and specific tasks or descriptions.
Credit limit improvement system in odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo 17, confirmed and uninvoiced sales orders are now factored into a partner's total receivables. As a result, the credit limit warning system now considers this updated calculation, leading to more accurate and effective credit management.
The Jewish Trinity : Sabbath,Shekinah and Sanctuary 4.pdfJackieSparrow3
we may assume that God created the cosmos to be his great temple, in which he rested after his creative work. Nevertheless, his special revelatory presence did not fill the entire earth yet, since it was his intention that his human vice-regent, whom he installed in the garden sanctuary, would extend worldwide the boundaries of that sanctuary and of God’s presence. Adam, of course, disobeyed this mandate, so that humanity no longer enjoyed God’s presence in the little localized garden. Consequently, the entire earth became infected with sin and idolatry in a way it had not been previously before the fall, while yet in its still imperfect newly created state. Therefore, the various expressions about God being unable to inhabit earthly structures are best understood, at least in part, by realizing that the old order and sanctuary have been tainted with sin and must be cleansed and recreated before God’s Shekinah presence, formerly limited to heaven and the holy of holies, can dwell universally throughout creation
2. Outline
Difference Between SQL and NoSQL
Study of Open Source NOSQL Database
MongoDB Installation,
Basic CRUD operations,
Execution
3. Difference Between SQL and
NoSQL
• SQL Databases
• SQL Standard
• SQL Characteristics
• SQL Database Examples
• NoSQL Databases
• NoSQL Defintion
• General Characteristics
• NoSQL Database Types
• NoSQL Database Examples
5
August
2023
3
4. SQL Characteristics
Data stored in tables
Relationships represented by data
Data Manipulation Language
Data Definition Language
Transactions
Abstraction from physical layer
5
August
2023
4
5. Data Definition Language
Schema defined at the start
Create Table
Constraints to define and enforce relationships
•Primary Key
•Foreign Key
•Etc.
Triggers to respond to Insert, Update , & Delete
Stored Modules
Alter …
Drop …
Security and Access Control
5
August
2023
5
6. Data Manipulation Language
(DML)
Data manipulated with Select, Insert, Update, & Delete
Data Aggregation
Compound statements
Functions and Procedures
Explicit transaction control
5
August
2023
6
7. Transactions – ACID Properties
Atomic – All of the work in a transaction completes
(commit) or none of it completes
Consistent – A transaction transforms the database from
one consistent state to another consistent state.
Consistency is defined in terms of constraints.
Isolated – The results of any changes made during a
transaction are not visible until the transaction has
committed.
Durable – The results of a committed transaction survive
failures
5
August
2023
7
8. SQL Database Examples
• Commercial
• IBM DB2
• Oracle RDMS
• Microsoft SQL Server
• Sybase SQL Anywhere
• Open Source (with commercial options)
• MySQL
• Ingres
Significant portions of the
world’s economy use SQL databases!
5
August
2023
8
9. NoSQL Definition- Fromwww.nosql-database.org
Next Generation Databases mostly addressing some of the
points:
• non-relational,
• distributed,
• open-source and
• horizontal scalable.
Often more characteristics apply as:
• schema-free,
• easy replication support,
• simple API,
• eventually consistent / BASE (not ACID),
• huge data amount, and more.
5
August
2023
9
11. NoSQL Distinguishing Characteristics
Large data volumes
• Google’s “big data”
Scalable replication and distribution
• Potentially thousands of machines
• Potentially distributed around the world
Queries need to return answers quickly
Schema-less
ACID transaction properties are not needed – BASE
CAP Theorem
Open source development
5
August
2023
11
12. BASE Transactions
• Acronym contrived to be the opposite of ACID
• Basically Available,
• Soft state,
• Eventually Consistent
• Characteristics
• Weak consistency – stale data OK
• Availability first
• Best effort
• Approximate answers OK
• Aggressive (optimistic)
• Simpler and faster
5
August
2023
12
14. Consistency
• all nodes see the same data at the same time – Wikipedia
• client perceives that a set of operations has occurred all at
once – Pritchett
• More like Atomic in ACID transaction properties
5
August
2023
14
15. Availability
• node failures do not prevent survivors
from continuing to operate – Wikipedia
• Every operation must terminate in an intended response –
Pritchett
5
August
2023
15
16. Partition Tolerance
• the system continues to operate despite
arbitrary message loss – Wikipedia
• Operations will complete, even if individual components are
unavailable – Pritchett
5
August
2023
16
17. Outline
Difference Between SQL and NoSQL
Study of Open Source NOSQL Database
MongoDB Installation,
Basic CRUD operations,
Execution
18. Open Source
Small upfront software costs
Suitable for large scale
distribution on commodity
hardware
5
August
2023
18
19. NoSQL Database Types
Column Store –
Each storage block
contains data from
only one column
Document Store
– stores
documents
made up of
tagged elements
Key-Value Store
– Hash table of
keys
5
August
2023
19
20. Other Non-SQL Databases
• XML Databases
• Graph Databases
• Codasyl Databases
• Object Oriented Databases
• Etc…
5
August
2023
20
21. NoSQL Example: Column Store
Each storage block contains data from only one
column
Example: Hadoop/Hbase
• http://hadoop.apache.org/
• Yahoo, Facebook
Example: Ingres VectorWise
• Column Store integrated with an SQL database
• http://www.ingres.com/products/vectorwise
5
August
2023
21
22. Column Store Comments
• More efficient than row (or document) store if:
• Multiple row/record/documents are inserted at the same time so
updates of column blocks can be aggregated
• Retrievals access only some of the columns in a
row/record/document
5
August
2023
22
23. NoSQL Examples: Key-Value Store
• Hash tables of Keys
• Values stored with Keys
• Fast access to small data values
• Example – Project-Voldemort
• http://www.project-voldemort.com/
• Linkedin
• Example – MemCacheDB
• http://memcachedb.org/
• Backend storage is Berkeley-DB
5
August
2023
23
24. Map Reduce
• Technique for indexing and searching large data volumes
• Two Phases, Map and Reduce
• Map
• Extract sets of Key-Value pairs from underlying data
• Potentially in Parallel on multiple machines
• Reduce
• Merge and sort sets of Key-Value pairs
• Results may be useful for other searches
5
August
2023
24
25. Map Reduce Patent
Google granted US Patent 7,650,331, January 2010
System and method for efficient large-scale data processing
A large-scale data processing system and method includes one or
more application-independent map modules configured to read
input data and to apply at least one application-specific map
operation to the input data to produce intermediate data values,
wherein the map operation is automatically parallelized across
multiple processors in the parallel processing environment. A
plurality of intermediate data structures are used to store the
intermediate data values. One or more application-independent
reduce modules are configured to retrieve the intermediate data
values and to apply at least one application-specific reduce
operation to the intermediate data values to provide output data.
5
August
2023
25
26. NoSQL Example: Document Store
Example: CouchDB
• http://couchdb.apache.org/
• BBC
Example: MongoDB
• http://www.mongodb.org/
• Foursquare, Shutterfly
JSON – JavaScript Object Notation
5
August
2023
26
27. CouchDB JSON Example
{
"_id": "guid goes here",
"_rev": "314159",
"type": "abstract",
"author": "Keith W. Hare"
"title": "SQL Standard and NoSQL Databases",
"body": "NoSQL databases (either no-SQL or Not Only SQL)
are currently a hot topic in some parts of
computing.",
"creation_timestamp": "2011/05/10 13:30:00 +0004"
}
5
August
2023
27
28. CouchDB JSON Tags
• "_id"
• GUID – Global Unique Identifier
• Passed in or generated by CouchDB
• "_rev"
• Revision number
• Versioning mechanism
• "type", "author", "title", etc.
• Arbitrary tags
• Schema-less
• Could be validated after the fact by user-written routine
5
August
2023
28
30. What is MongoDB ?
• Scalable High-Performance Open-source,
Document-orientated database.
• Built for Speed
• Rich Document based queries for Easy readability.
• Full Index Support for High Performance.
• Replication and Failover for High Availability.
• Auto Sharding for Easy Scalability.
• Map / Reduce for Aggregation.
31. Why use MongoDB?
• SQL was invented in the 70’s to store data.
• MongoDB stores documents (or) objects.
• Now-a-days, everyone works with objects
(Python/Ruby/Java/etc.)
• And we need Databases to persist our objects.
Then why not store objects directly ?
• Embedded documents and arrays reduce need for
joins. No Joins and No-multi document
transactions.
32. What is MongoDB great for?
• RDBMS replacement for Web Applications.
• Semi-structured Content Management.
• Real-time Analytics & High-Speed Logging.
• Caching and High Scalability
Web 2.0, Media, SAAS, Gaming
HealthCare, Finance, Telecom, Government
33. Not great for?
• Highly Transactional Applications.
• Problems requiring SQL.
Some Companies using MongoDB in Production
34. Schema less : Number of fields, content and size of the
document can be differ from one document to another.
No complex joins
Data is stored as JSON style
Index on any attribute
Replication and High availability
35. 35
MongoDB Terminologies for
RDBMS concepts
RDBMS MongoDB
Database Database
Table, View Collection
Row Document (JSON, BSON)
Column Field
Index Index
Join Embedded Document
Foreign Key Reference
Partition Shard
36. JSON
“JavaScript Object Notation”
Easy for humans to write/read, easy for computers to
parse/generate
Objects can be nested
Built on
• name/value pairs
• Ordered list of values
http://json.org/
37. BSON
“Binary JSON”
Binary-encoded serialization of JSON-like docs
Embedded structure reduces need for joins
Goals
• Lightweight
• Traversable
• Efficient (decoding and encoding)
http://bsonspec.org/
40. • String : This is most commonly used datatype to store the data. String
in mongodb must be UTF-8 valid.
• Integer : This type is used to store a numerical value. Integer can be
32 bit or 64 bit depending upon your server.
• Boolean : This type is used to store a boolean (true/ false) value.
• Double : This type is used to store floating point values.
• Min/ Max keys : This type is used to compare a value against the
lowest and highest BSON elements.
• Arrays : This type is used to store arrays or list or multiple values into
one key.
• Timestamp : ctimestamp. This can be handy for recording when a
document has been modified or added.
• Object : This datatype is used for embedded documents.
Data Types
41. • Null : This type is used to store a Null value.
• Symbol : This datatype is used identically to a string however,
it's generally reserved for languages that use a specific symbol
type.
• Date : This datatype is used to store the current date or time in
UNIX time format. You can specify your own date time by
creating object of Date and passing day, month, year into it.
• Object ID : This datatype is used to store the document’s ID.
• Binary data : This datatype is used to store binay data.
• Code : This datatype is used to store javascript code into
document.
• Regular expression : This datatype is used to store regular
expression
Data Types
42. Outline
Difference Between SQL and NoSQL
Study of Open Source NOSQL Database
MongoDB Installation,
Basic CRUD operations,
Execution
43. enter the following commands in the
Command Prompt or Powershell:
wmic os get caption
wmic os get osarchitecture
Find version of Windows
44. Installation in Windows
• Download MongoDB from Website:
https://www.mongodb.org/downloads
• Select option
Windows
• Download and Run
45. Create one folder (eg SNJB) in bin folder of MongoDB
Goto command prompt
Goto bin dir of MongoDB and write following command
mongod --storageEngine=mmapv1 --dbpath SNJB
(Server will started and listen at 27017 port)
Open another command prompt and give command mongo
(Client will be started)
Starting MongoDB in Windows
46. Installation in Ubuntu
• Download MongoDB from Website:
https://www.mongodb.org/downloads
• Select option
Linux
• Download and Run
47. Starting MongoDB in Ubuntu
Create a folder in bin directory of mongodb
Open terminal
Goto mongodb bin folder (cd mongo….)
Type ./mongod (Server is started)
Open another terminal
Goto mongodb bin folder (cd mongo….)
Type ./mongo (client will be started)
Run all commands on client terminal
48. Outline
Difference Between SQL and NoSQL
Study of Open Source NOSQL Database
MongoDB Installation,
Basic CRUD operations,
Execution
50. • switched to database provided with
ciommand
use <database
name>
• To check currently selected
database use the command db
db
• Displays the list of databases
show dbs
• To Drop the database
db.dropDatabase
()
Basic Database Operations- Database
51. • To create collection
db.createCollection (name)
Ex:- db.createCollection(Stud)
• List out all names of collection in current
database
>show collections
• In mongodb you don't need to
create collection. MongoDB
creates collection automatically,
when you insert some document.
db.databasename.insert
({Key : Value})
Ex:- db.Stud.insert({{Name:”Jiya”})
• MongoDB's db.collection.drop() is used to
drop a collection from the database.
db.collection.drop()
Example:- db.Stud.drop()
Basic DatabaseOperations-Collection