November 19

2024 Calendar

November 19 is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 42 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

Up to 1900

461 - Libius Severus is declared Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
1404 - Severe flooding occurs in the Netherlands, as 3000 hectares of land are washed away, with the flood waters also completely wiping out the towns of Ijzendijke and Hugevliet.
1421 - A major flood in the Netherlands kills between 2,000 and 10,000 people.
1493 – Christopher Columbus goes ashore on an island he first saw the day before. He names it San Juan Bautista (later renamed Puerto Rico).
1806 - French troops occupy Hamburg during the Napoleonic Wars.
1816 - In Poland, Warsaw University is founded.
1819 – The Museo del Prado in Madrid opens.
1847 - The second Canadian railway line is opened between Montreal and Lachine.
1850 - Alfred Tennyson is named Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom by Queen Victoria.
1863 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
1869 – The Hudson's Bay Company sells Ruperts Land to Canada.
1881 - A meteorite lands southwest of Odesa, present-day Ukraine.
1885 - Serbo-Bulgarian War: Bulgarian victory in the Battle of Slivnitsa officially unifies the Kingdom of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia.
1887 - In the English Channel, Dutch ocean steamer W. A. Scholten sinks after a collision with a British freighter, killing 132 people.

1901 – 2000

1911 - The Doom Bar in Cornwall claims two ships, Island Maid and Angele, in which the entire crew, except the captain, is killed.
1912 - The five hundred-year rule of the Ottoman Empire over Macedonia is ended.
1916 - Goldwyn Pictures is founded by Samuel Goldwyn and Edgar Selwyn.
1941 - World War II: The warships HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran sink each other off Western Australia, with the loss of 645 Australians and 77 Germans.
1942 - World War II: Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Union forces under Georgy Zhukov launch Operation Uranus counter-attacks at Stalingrad, turning the battle in the USSR's favour.
1942 - Mutesa II is crowned as the last Kabala (King) of Buganda.
1946 – Afghanistan, Iceland and Sweden join the United Nations.
1950 - Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes Supreme Commander of NATO Europe.
1952 - Alexander Papagos becomes Prime Minister of Greece.
1967 - TVB is founded, as the first wireless commercial television station in Hong Kong.
1969 – Apollo 12 lands on the Moon. Charles Conrad and Alan LaVern Bean become the 3rd and 4th people respectively to walk on the Moon.
1969 – Brazilian footballer Pelé scores the 1,000th goal of his career.
1977 – Egyptian President Anwar Sadat becomes the first Arab leader to officially visit Israel, when he meets with Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin seeking a permanent peace settlement.
1979 – Iranian leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini orders the release of 13 female and black American hostages being held at the US Embassy in Tehran.
1984 - Oil depot explosions in Mexico City cause a large fire, which kills around 500 people.
1985 – Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev meet.
1990 – Pop group Milli Vanilli are stripped of their Grammy Award because they did not sing at all on the Girl You Know It’s True album.
1994 - The United Kingdom's first National Lottery draw is held.
1995 – Aleksander Kwasniewski is elected President of Poland.
1996 – The case of the Port Arthur massacre comes to trial.
1998 – The United States House of Representatives Judiciary Committee begins impeachment hearings against U.S. President Bill Clinton.
1998 - Vincent van Gogh's Portrait of the Artist Without Beard sells at auction for $ 71.5 million.
1999 - The People's Republic of China launches the Shenzhou 1 spacecraft.
1999 - Russia withdraws its military from Georgia.

From 2001

2002 – The Prestige oil tanker breaks apart near the coast of Galicia, Spain, causing a large oil spill.
2010 – Twenty-nine miners are trapped after an explosion in the Pike River Mine near Greymouth in New Zealand. They are pronounced dead after a second explosion five days later.
2013 - A storm affecting Sardinia causes heavy rain, flooding and kills 18 people.
2013 - Bomb attacks in Beirut, Lebanon, kill at least 22 people.
2014 - Nicola Sturgeon becomes the 5th, and first female, First Minister of Scotland, succeeding Alex Salmond.
2016 - The German Wikipedia publishes its two-millionth article.
2017 - Talks about forming a governing coalition fail in Germany, after September's election to the Bundestag.

Births

Deaths

Up to 1900

496 - Pope Gelasius I
498 - Pope Anastasius II
1478 - Emperor Baeda Maryam of Ethiopia (b. 1448)
1481 – Anne Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk (b. 1472)
1492 – Jami, Persian poet (b. 1414)
1557 - Bona Sforza, Queen of Poland (b. 1494)
1577 - Matsunaga Hisahide, Japanese Shogun (b. 1510)
1581 – Ivan Ivanovich, son of Ivan IV of Russia (b. 1554)
1665 – Nicolas Poussin, French painter (b. 1594)
1703 – The Man in the Iron Mask, French prisoner whose identity is unknown
1772 - William Nelson, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1711)
1785 - Bernard de Bury, French composer (b. 1720)
1798 - Wolfe Tone, Irish general (b. 1763)
1804 - Pietro Guglielmi, Italian composer (b. 1728)
1822 - Johann Georg Tralles, German mathematician and physicist (b. 1763)
1828 – Franz Schubert, Austrian composer (b. 1797)
1850 - Richard Mentor Johnson, Vice President of the United States (b. 1780)
1863 – John O'Meally, Australian bushranger (b. 1841)
1883 - Carl Wilhelm Siemens, German-English engineer (b. 1823)
1887 – Emma Lazarus, American poet (b. 1849)

1901 – 2000

1918 – Joseph F. Smith, American Mormon leader (b. 1838)
1924 - Thomas H. Ince, American actor, director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1882)
1931 - Xu Zhimo, Chinese poet (b. 1897)
1938 - Lev Shestov, Russian philosopher (b. 1866)
1943 - Miyagiyama Fukumatsu, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1895)
1958 - Vittorio Ambrosio, Italian general (b. 1879)
1959 - Joseph Charbonneau, Canadian archbishop (b. 1892)
1962 - Grigol Robakidze, Georgian writer (b. 1882)
1963 - Carmen Amaya, Spanish dancer and singer (b. 1918)
1970 - Andrey Yeryomenko, Soviet-Russian military (b. 1892)
1975 - Roger D. Branigan, 42nd Governor of Indiana (b. 1902)
1976 – Basil Spence, English architect (b. 1907)
1983 – Tom Evans, English musician (b. 1947)
1988 - Christina Onassis, American-Greek businesswoman (b. 1950)
1990 - Sun Li-jen, Chinese general (b. 1900)
1992 - Bobby Russell, American songwriter (b. 1941)
1992 – Diane Varsi, American actress (b. 1938)
1998 - Alan J. Pakula, American director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1928)

From 2001

2004 – John Vane, English pharmacologist (b. 1927)
2004 - Piet Esser, Dutch sculptor (b. 1914)
2005 – Erik Balling, Danish movie director (b. 1924)
2011 - Basil D'Oliveira, South African-born English cricketer (b. 1931)
2012 - Pete LaRoca, American jazz musician (b. 1938)
2012 - Boris Strugatsky, Russian author (b. 1923)
2013 - Frederick Sanger, British biochemist, two-time Nobel Prize winner (b. 1918)
2014 - Otieno Kajwang, Kenyan politician (b. 1959)
2014 - Gholam Hossein Mazloumi, Iranian footballer (b. 1950)
2014 - Mike Nichols, German-born American television, stage and movie director (b. 1931)
2014 - Richard A. Jensen, American theologian (b. 1934)
2015 - Armand, Dutch protest singer (b. 1946)
2015 - Allen E. Ertel, American politician (b. 1937)
2017 - Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo, Italian cardinal (b. 1925)
2017 - Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme, Vice president of Nigeria (b. 1932)
2017 - Fernando Matthei, Chilean air force general (b. 1925)
2017 - Warren "Pete" Moore, American singer-songwriter and record producer (b. 1938)
2017 - Jana Novotná, Czech tennis player (b. 1968)
2017 - Della Reese, American actress and singer (b. 1931)
2017 - Tai Chen-yao, Taiwanese politician (b. 1948)
2017 - Mel Tillis, American country singer (b. 1932)
2017 - Charles Manson, American cult leader (b. 1934)
2018 - Apisai Ielemia, 10th Prime minister of Tuvalu (b. 1955)
2018 - Alí Rodríguez Araque, Venezuelan politician (b. 1937)
2019 - José Mário Branco, Portuguese singer-songwriter, actor and record producer (b. 1942)
2019 - Purita Campos, Spanish cartoonist, illustrator and painter (b. 1937)
2019 - Basil Feldman, Baron Feldman, British politician and businessman (b. 1923)
2019 - D. M. Jayaratne, Sri Lankan politician, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (b. 1931)
2019 - Tom Lyle, American comics artist and illustrator (b. 1953)
2019 - Fazlollah Reza, Iranian politician (b. 1915)

Holidays and observances

Brazil – Flag Day
Mali – Liberation Day
Puerto Rico – Discovery of Puerto Rico (1493)
Norway – The Liberation of the Sámi of the coast
Monaco – National holiday
International Men's Day
World Toilet Day (See also: World Toilet Organization)

Events

Up to 1900

1901 – 2000

From 2001

Births

Up to 1900

1901 – 1950

1951 – 1975

From 1976

Deaths

Up to 1900

1901 – 2000

From 2001

Holidays and observances