July 30

July 30 is the 211th day of the year (212th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 154 days remaining until the end of the year.

• 634 – Battle of Ajnadayn: Byzantine Empire forces under Theodore are defeated by the Rashidun Caliphate near Beit Shemesh in present-day Israel.
• 762 – Baghdad is founded.
• 1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill 7 members of the Prague city council.
• 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay of Islands off present-day Honduras during his fourth voyage.
• 1619 – Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative factory in the Americas, the House of Burgesses, meets for the first time.
• 1629 – An earthquake in Naples, Italy, kills around 10,000 people.
• 1635 – Eighty Years' War: The Siege of Schenkenschans begins. Frederick Henry, Prince Orange begins the recapture of the strategically important fortress from the Spanish army.
• 1656 – Swedish forces under Charles X Gustaf of Sweden defeat forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the Battle of Warsaw.
• 1676 – Nathaniel Bacon issues the "Declaration of the people of Virginia", beginning Bacon's Rebellion, against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.
• 1729 – The city of Baltimore in Maryland is founded.
• 1775 – James Cook returns to England from his second voyage to the Pacific Ocean.
• 1792 – La Marseillaise, the current national anthem of France, is sung for the first time.
• 1811 – The Mexican revolutionary Miguel Hidalgo is executed.
• 1859 – First successful climb of Grand Combin in the Alps.
• 1863 – American Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the Treaty of Box Elder, agreeing to stop the harassment of emigrant trails in southern Idaho and northern Utah.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of the Crater - Union forces attempt to break Confederate lines at Petersburg, Virginia by exploding a large bomb under their trenches.
• 1865 – The steamboat Brother Jonathan sinks off Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers.
• 1871 – The Staten Island ferry Westfield's boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.

• 1912 – Emperor Meiji of Japan dies, being succeeded by his son Yoshihito, now known as Emperor Taisho.
• 1917 – An earthquake in China kills around 1,800 people.
• 1930 – Uruguay wins the first FIFA World Cup, beating Argentina 4-2 in the final.
• 1932 – The 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, begin.
• 1932 – Walt Disney's "Flowers and Trees" is shown for the first time. It is the first cartoon short to use Technicolor and the first Academy Award-winning short.
• 1945 – World War II: Japanese submarine I-58 sinks the USS Indianapolis, killing 883 people.
• 1956 – 'In God We Trust' becomes the national motto of the United States.
• 1962 – The Trans-Canada Highway opens.
• 1965 – In the US, the Medicare insurance programme for senior citizens is signed into law.
• 1966 – England wins the FIFA World Cup, beating West Germany 4-2, in a match that included the disputed Wembley Goal.
• 1971 – An All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 aircraft and a Japanese Air Force F-86 plane collide over Morioka, Japan, killing 162 people.
• 1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 mission - David Scott and James Irwin on the Apollo Lunar Module Falcon land on the Moon with the first Lunar Rover.
• 1975 – Teamsters Union President Jimmy Hoffa disappears from a suburb of Detroit, Michigan, and is never seen or heard from again.
• 1978 – Car traffic in Okinawa switches from the right to the left side of the road.
• 1980 – The New Hebrides become independent, and change their name to Vanuatu.
• 1991 – Luciano Pavarotti celebrates 30 years in opera by giving a free concert in Hyde Park, London.
• 2000 – Norway gifts the Heimaey Stave Church to Iceland to mark the country's 1000 years of Christianity.

• 2003 – The last Old Style Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line in Mexico.
• 2004 – Gas pipeline explodes in the village of Ghislenghien in Belgium, killing 24 people and injuring 132.
• 2006 – The BBC music programme Top of the Pops is shown for the last time, after a run of more than 42 years.
• 2006 – The Israeli air force bombs the town of Qana in Lebanon, killing 28 people.
• 2007 – Movie directors Michelangelo Antonioni and Ingmar Bergman die on the same day as each other.
• 2008 – Radovan Karadzic is transferred to The Hague after being arrested on war crimes charges.
• 2009 – A bomb explodes in Palma Nova, Mallorca, killing 2 police officers. ETA carried out the attack.
• 2012 – A massive power grid failure affects 22 states and over 700 million people in northern India.
• 2012 – A train fire in Andhra Pradesh, India, kills 32 people.
• 2017 – Russian President Vladimir Putin expels 755 American diplomats in response to US sanctions against Russia.
• 2018 – Parliamentary and Presidential elections are held in Zimbabwe, the first ones to take place since the resignation of Robert Mugabe.

• 1470 – Hongzhi Emperor of China's Ming Dynasty (d. 1505)
• 1511 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, writer and architect (d. 1574)
• 1549 – Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
• 1641 – Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (d. 1673)
• 1683 – Countess Sophie of Erbach-Erbach, German aristocrat (d. 1742)
• 1751 – Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian musician (d. 1829)
• 1763 – Samuel Rogers, English poet (d. 1855)
• 1813 – William Spurrell, Welsh printer and publisher (d. 1889)
• 1818 – Emily Brontë, English writer (d. 1848)
• 1818 – Jan Heemskerk, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1897)
• 1825 – Chaim Aronson, Lithuanian inventor, academic and memoirs writer (d. 1893)
• 1832 – George Lemuel Woods, American lawyer, judge and politician, 3rd Governor of Oregon (d. 1890)
• 1833 – Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria (d. 1896)
• 1855 – Georg Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1919)
• 1856 – Richard Burton Haldane, Scottish philosopher, lawyer and statesman (d. 1928)
• 1857 – Thorstein Veblen, American political economist (d. 1929)
• 1863 – Henry Ford, American industrialist (d. 1947)
• 1872 – Princess Clementine of Belgium (d. 1955)
• 1881 – Smedley Butler, American marine general (d. 1940)
• 1887 – Marquard Schwarz, American swimmer (d. 1968)
• 1888 – Werner Jaeger, German classical philologist (d. 1961)
• 1888 – Vladimir Zworykin, Russian-American physicist and inventor (d. 1982)
• 1890 – Casey Stengel, American baseball manager (d. 1975)
• 1893 – Fatimah Jinnah, sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah (d. 1967)
• 1895 – Wanda Hawley, American actress (d. 1963)
• 1898 – Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)

• 1901 – Alfred Lepine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1955)
• 1904 – Salvador Novo, Mexican writer (d. 1974)
• 1909 – C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian and writer (d. 1993)
• 1910 – Edgar de Evia, Mexican-American photographer (d. 2003)
• 1914 – Lord Killanin, Irish Olympic official (d. 1999)
• 1915 – Francisco Urcuyo Maliaños, Nicaraguan politician (d. 2001)
• 1919 – Berniece Baker Miracle, American author
• 1920 – Marie Tharp, American scientist (d. 2006)
• 1925 – Antoine Duhamel, French composer (d. 2014)
• 1925 – Jacques Sernas, Lithuanian-French actor (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Stan Stennett, Welsh actor (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Martin Nag, Norwegian writer (d. 2015)
• 1927 – Tony Hiller, British songwriter (d. 2018)
• 1927 – Richard Johnson, English actor, writer and producer (d. 2015)
• 1927 – Victor Wong, American actor (d. 2001)
• 1928 – Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1928 – Chris Howland, British-German singer, presenter, actor and writer (d. 2013)
• 1930 – Tony Lip, American actor (d. 2013)
• 1934 – Bud Selig, American businessman and Commissioner of Baseball
• 1936 – Buddy Guy, American Blues guitarist and singer
• 1936 – Infanta Pilar of Spain
• 1938 – Hervé de Charette, French politician
• 1939 – Peter Bogdanovich, American director
• 1940 – Clive Sinclair, English entrepreneur and inventor
• 1941 – Paul Anka, Lebanese-Canadian singer
• 1943 – Giovanni Goria, 46th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1994)
• 1943 – Giuseppe Versaldi, Italian cardinal
• 1944 – Peter Bottomley, English politician
• 1944 – Frances de la Tour, English actress
• 1945 – Patrick Modiano, French novelist
• 1945 – David Sanborn, American jazz saxophonist
• 1947 – Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, French virologist and Nobel Prize winner
• 1947 – Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-born actor, bodybuilder and former Governor of California
• 1947 – William Atherton, American actor
• 1948 – Jean Reno, Moroccan-French actor
• 1948 – James H. Burnley IV, American politician
• 1950 – Harriet Harman, British politician
• 1950 – Frank Stallone, American singer

• 1954 – Ken Olin, American actor, producer and actor
• 1955 – Christopher Warren-Green, English violinist and conductor
• 1957 – Bill Cartwright, American basketball player
• 1957 – Nery Pumpido, Argentine footballer
• 1958 – Kate Bush, British singer
• 1958 – Daley Thompson, British athlete
• 1958 – Neal McCoy, American singer-songwriter
• 1959 – Petra Felke, German athlete
• 1960 – Jennifer Barnes, American-English musicologist and academic
• 1960 – Richard Linklater, American director
• 1961 – Laurence Fishburne, American actor
• 1962 – Yakub Memon, Indian terrorist (d. 2015)
• 1963 – Lisa Kudrow, American actress
• 1963 – Chris Mullin, American basketball player
• 1964 – Jürgen Klinsmann, German footballer
• 1964 – Alek Keshishian, Lebanese-American director
• 1966 – Craig Gannon, English guitarist and songwriter
• 1966 – Lisa Madigan, American politician
• 1968 – Sean Moore, Welsh musician (Manic Street Preachers)
• 1968 – Robert Korzeniowski, Polish race walker
• 1968 – Terry Crews, American actor
• 1968 – Sofie Grabol, Danish actress
• 1969 – Simon Baker, Australian-American actor
• 1969 – Errol Stewart, South African cricketer and lawyer
• 1970 – Alun Cairns, Welsh politician
• 1970 – Christopher Nolan, English movie director
• 1971 – Claude Dambury, French footballer
• 1971 – Tom Green, American actor and comedian
• 1971 – Christine Taylor, American actress
• 1973 – Sonu Nigam, Indian singer
• 1973 – Dean Edwards, American actor and comedian
• 1973 – Clementa C. Pinckney, American pastor and politician (d. 2015)
• 1974 – Hilary Swank, American actress
• 1974 – Jason Robinson, English rugby player

• 1977 – Diana Bolocco, Chilean model and journalist
• 1977 – Misty May-Treanor, American volleyball player and coach
• 1977 – Derek Mackay, Scottish politician
• 1977 – Ian Watkins, Welsh singer
• 1977 – Jaime Pressly, American actress
• 1979 – Graeme McDowell, Northern Irish golfer
• 1980 – Justin Rose, English golfer
• 1981 – Nicky Hayden, American motorcycle racer (d. 2017)
• 1981 – Hope Solo, American soccer player
• 1981 – Lisa Goldstein, American actress
• 1982 – Yvonne Strahovski, Australian actress
• 1982 – James Anderson, English cricketer
• 1983 – Sean Dillon, Irish footballer
• 1985 – Daniel Friedheim Holm, Norwegian footballer
• 1988 – Lara Jean Marshall, English-Australian actress, singer and dancer
• 1990 – Coco Sumner, British singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1991 – Diana Vickers, British singer
• 1992 – Fabiano Caruana, American chess player
• 1992 – Hannah Cockroft, British Paralympic athlete
• 1993 – Miho Miyazaki, Japanese singer (AKB48)
• 1995 – Jorge Cori, Peruvian chess player
• 1995 – Hirving Lozano, Mexican footballer
• 1999 – Joey King, American actress
• 2002 – Prince Hridayendra of Nepal, Nepalese Royal

• 578 – Jacob Baradaeus, bishop of Edessa
• 579 – Pope Benedict I
• 734 – Tatwine, Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1540 – Thomas Abel, English priest and martyr (b. 1497)
• 1540 – Robert Barnes, English martyr and reformer (b. 1495)
• 1652 – Charles Amédée de Savoie, 6th Duc de Nemours, French soldier (b. 1624)
• 1680 – Thomas Butler, Earl of Ossory, Irish naval commander (b. 1634)
• 1683 – Maria Theresa of Spain, queen of Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
• 1691 – Daniel Georg Morhof, German writer and scholar (b. 1639)
• 1715 – Nahum Tate, Irish poet (b. 1652)
• 1718 – William Penn, English founder of the Province of Pennsylvania (b. 1644)
• 1771 – Thomas Gray, English poet and letter-writer (b. 1716)
• 1789 – Giovanna Bonanno, Italian poisoner and alleged witch (b. 1713)
• 1811 – Miguel Hidalgo, Mexican revolutionary (b. 1753)
• 1875 – George Pickett, American Confederate general (b. 1825)
• 1898 – Otto von Bismarck, German chancellor (b. 1815)
• 1900 – Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1844)

• 1908 – James Budd, Governor of California (b. 1851)
• 1912 – Emperor Meiji, Japanese emperor (b. 1852)
• 1918 – Joyce Kilmer, American poet (b. 1886)
• 1927 – Albert Gustaf Dahlman, Swedish executioner (b. 1848)
• 1930 – Joan Gamper, Swiss-Catalan businessman (b. 1877)
• 1938 – John Derbyshire, English swimmer and water polo player (b. 1878)
• 1947 – Joseph Cook, sixth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
• 1949 – Stoyan Danev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1858)
• 1965 – Jun'ichiro Tanizaki, Japanese writer (b. 1886)
• 1970 – George Szell, Hungarian conductor (b. 1897)
• 1971 – Kenneth Slessor, Australian poet (b. 1901)
• 1978 – Umberto Nobile, Italian airship pioneer (b. 1885)
• 1983 – Lynn Fontanne, stage and movie actress (b. 1887)
• 1985 – Julia Hall Bowman Robinson, American mathematician (b. 1919)
• 1986 – John N. Dalton, American politician, Governor of Virginia (b. 1931)
• 1992 – Joe Shuster, Canadian comic artist (b. 1914)
• 1992 – Brenda Marshall, American actress (b. 1915)
• 1996 – Claudette Colbert, French-American actress (b. 1903)
• 1996 – Magda Schneider, German actress and singer (b. 1909)
• 1997 – Bao Dai, Vietnamese Emperor (b. 1913)
• 1998 – Buffalo Bob Smith, American television host (b. 1917)

• 2001 – Anton Schwarzkopf, German engineer (b. 1924)
• 2003 – Sam Phillips, American record producer (b. 1923)
• 2005 – John Garang, South Sudanese politician (b. 1945)
• 2006 – Murray Bookchin, American Libertarian socialist (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian movie director (b. 1912)
• 2007 – Ingmar Bergman, Swedish movie director (b. 1918)
• 2007 – Teoctist Arapasu, Romanian Orthodox Church Patriarch (b. 1915)
• 2008 – Anne Armstrong, American diplomat (b. 1927)
• 2009 – Peter Zadek, German theatre director (b. 1926)
• 2009 – Mohammed Yusuf, Nigerian Islamist militant (Boko Haram) (b. 1970)
• 2011 – Mario Echandi Jiménez, President of Costa Rica (b. 1915)
• 2012 – Chris Marker, French movie maker (b. 1921)
• 2012 – Maeve Binchy, Irish writer (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Harry F. Byrd, Jr., American politician (b. 1914)
• 2013 – Antoni Ramallets, Catalan-Spanish footballer (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Robert Neelly Bellah, American sociologist (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Julio Grondona, Argentine football executive (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Dick Wagner, American rock guitarist (b. 1942)
• 2014 – Dick Smith, American special effects make-up artist (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Peter Hall, British urban planner (b. 1932)
• 2014 – Harun Farocki, German filmmaker and author (b. 1944)
• 2014 – Manfred Roeder, German Wehrmacht soldier and far-right activist (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Yakub Memon, Indian terrorist (b. 1962)
• 2015 – Lynn Anderson, American country singer (b. 1947)
• 2015 – Jerome Kohlberg, Jr., American businessman (b. 1925)
• 2015 – Alana Vrzanova, Czech figure skater (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Tato Cifuentes, Chilean-born Argentine actor and singer (b. 1925)
• 2017 – Ciro Cirillo, Italian politician (b. 1921)
• 2017 – H. Sayeeduddin Dagar, Indian singer (b. 1939)
• 2017 – Paulo Garcia, Brazilian politician (b. 1959)
• 2017 – Slim Mahfoudh, Tunisian actor (b. 1942)
• 2018 – Andreas Kappes, German cyclist (b. 1965)
• 2018 – Khayyam Mirzazade, Azerbaijani composer and professor (b. 1935)
• 2018 – Ron Dellums, American politician (b. 1935)
• 2018 – Michael A. Sheehan, American author (b. 1955)
• 2019 – Marcian Bleahu, Romanian geologist, writer and politician (b. 1924)

• Independence Day (Vanuatu)
• International Friendship Day
• Throne Day (Morocco)