India's 12th Five year plan is widely believed to be Health Plan. Presentation summarizes the major highlights from Health chapter of 12th Plan of India.
India, evolved a NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY in 1983 till 2002. The policy stress on PREVENTIVE, PUBLIC HEALTH AND REHABILITATION ASPECTS OF HEALTHCARE. It also focus on need of establishing primary health care to reach in the remote area of the country.
The presentation aim to explain Pradhan Mantri Jan-Arogya Yojana (Ayushman Bharat) to everyone. In terms of how what where, so that public can get benefit of it.
The Central Government Health Scheme was started in 1954 in Delhi to provide healthcare to central government employees and pensioners. It has since expanded to 17 major cities across India. The scheme offers services like dispensary care, hospitalization, lab tests, ECG, X-rays and supplies medicines at highly subsidized prices compared to private healthcare. Its objectives are to promote awareness, prevent diseases, and provide affordable treatment to beneficiaries.
Role & responsibilities of mid level healthcare providersHarsh Rastogi
Role & responsibilities of mid level healthcare providers
Mid-level health providers (MLHPs) are health workers trained at a higher education institution for at least 2-3 years.
MLHP is a health provider who:
Who is trained, authorized and regulated to work autonomously,
Who receives pre-service training at a higher education institution for at least 2-3 years, and
Whose scope of practice includes (but is not restricted to) being able to diagnose, manage and treat illness, disease and impairments (including perform surgery, where appropriately trained), prescribe medicines, as well as engage in preventive and promotive care.
The document summarizes the health care delivery system in India at the state level. It outlines that states are responsible for providing medical care, preventive health care, and pilgrimage services within the state. The key components of state-level health systems include the state ministry of health, the state health directorate, and various organizations under each. The state ministry of health is headed by a minister and secretary and is responsible for policymaking, budgeting, and implementing health programs. The state health directorate focuses on health services and medical education through various departments and directors.
The reproductive child health programme was launched in 1997 with the main aims of reducing infant and maternal mortality rates. It has elements of safe motherhood, child survival, and fertility regulation. The objectives include meeting all contraceptive needs, reducing infant and maternal morbidity and mortality rates.
The programme interventions include essential and emergency obstetric care, immunization services, and interventions for maternal, neonatal and child health. It provides drugs, medical equipment and kits to different levels of healthcare facilities. The programme has been implemented in two phases with the second phase strengthening referral systems and integrating management of neonatal and childhood illnesses.
These five-year plans will make you able to know about all five-year plans and their developments during these years. These are the complete notes about the five-year plans.
The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of various members of a health team. It focuses on the roles of nursing personnel like the Lady Health Visitor (LHV) and Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM). The LHV acts as a supervisor, guiding and monitoring the work of ANMs. Key duties of the LHV include supervising ANMs, ensuring supply and maintenance of health centers, coordinating immunization programs, and providing maternal and child health services. The ANM works closely with communities, providing antenatal care, assisting deliveries, immunizations, nutrition programs, and family planning services.
Population policy in general refers to policies intended to decrease the birth rate or growth rate.
Statement of goals, objectives and targets are inherent in the population policy.
History
National Population Policy 2000
Objectives
National Socio-Demographic Goals
Conclusion
The document discusses several national and international voluntary health agencies in India. It begins by defining a voluntary health agency as an autonomous organization that promotes health, health education, and medical research. It then lists several prominent national voluntary health agencies in India like the Indian Red Cross Society, Central Social Welfare Board, Kasturba Gandhi Memorial Trust, and Indian Council for Child Welfare. It provides brief descriptions of the activities and services provided by these organizations, with a more detailed focus on the Indian Red Cross Society and its relief work, hospitals, blood banks, and other programs. It also lists several international health agencies like WHO, UNICEF, and international non-profits.
Unit:-2. Health and welfare committeesSMVDCoN ,J&K
Various committees of experts have been appointed by the government from time to time to render advice about different health problems. The reports of these committees have formed an important basis of health planning in India. The goal of National Health Planning in India is to attain Health for all by the year 2000.
The document provides information about the Employees' State Insurance Scheme (ESIS) in India. It discusses the mission and history of ESIS, how it is administered, the benefits it provides (such as sickness, maternity, disability and dependents benefits), contributions to the fund, and infrastructure details. It also mentions a recent amendment increasing the wage limit for coverage and initiatives like issuing photo identity cards to beneficiaries.
This document provides an overview of India's health care delivery system. It discusses how the system is organized at the central, state, district, block, and village levels. Key points include:
- At the central level, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare oversees health policies and programs.
- States have authority over public health, hospitals, and local governance related to health.
- District health organizations coordinate rural health programs within districts.
- Primary health centers and community health centers provide primary care and referrals at the block/village level.
Health system in india at district levelKailash Nagar
The document discusses the organizational structure of healthcare delivery at the district level in India. The key points are:
1. The district health system is headed by the Chief Medical and Health Officer who oversees all health and family welfare programs. They are assisted by other program officers.
2. The district is divided into subdivisions, tehsils, community development blocks, municipalities, and villages. Healthcare services are provided at each level through various public health facilities.
3. In addition to the CMHO, other important officers include the District Tuberculosis Officer, District Malaria Officer, and District Leprosy Officer who are responsible for implementing specific disease control programs.
voluntary health agencies have its own administrative body or committee which raises fund through its membership or through private sources. It has staff either paid or on a voluntary basis. Works for health promotion, health education & health legislation, etc.
The document summarizes India's National Health Policy adopted in 1983 and revised in 2002. The 1983 policy aimed to achieve health for all by 2000 through primary health care services and intersectoral coordination. It addressed issues like medical education, rural/urban imbalance, research, and monitoring progress. The 2002 policy updated targets and financing to further develop infrastructure, workforce, programs, and public-private partnerships to improve healthcare access and outcomes across India.
This document discusses school health services. It notes that school health services aim to provide comprehensive healthcare to school-going children through the school system. This includes health promotion, disease prevention, and treatment services. Some key components of school health services outlined in the document are maintaining a wholesome school environment; promoting nutrition, hygiene, and physical activity; providing health education; and conducting health screenings and immunizations. The overall goal of school health services is to ensure the physical, mental, and social well-being of students.
The document summarizes revisions made to India's Twenty Point Programme over the years since 1975. It was originally launched to address poverty alleviation, employment, housing, education, health and other issues impacting rural development. It has been restructured in 2006 and implemented from 2007 onward to align with national priorities like the National Common Minimum Programme and Millennium Development Goals. The current Twenty Point Programme - 2006 consists of 20 points and 66 monitorable items addressing issues like poverty eradication, farmer support, housing, education, healthcare, social welfare, environment protection and rural development.
The Indian Red Cross Society was formed in 1920 as a humanitarian organization headquartered in New Delhi. It aims to inspire and encourage humanitarian activities through disaster relief efforts, preparedness initiatives, and community health and care programs. Key aspects include operating across 35 state branches, responding to disasters through refugee assistance, and engaging volunteers including youth volunteers through programs that develop personal skills.
This document outlines several national health policies and objectives in India, including the National Health Policy, National Policy on AYUSH, and National Population Policy. It provides definitions of policy and health policy. The objectives of the policies are to improve health status and outcomes, increase access to primary healthcare services, and strengthen the health system. Some specific goals mentioned are reducing mortality rates, increasing utilization of public health facilities, expanding health infrastructure and the community health workforce.
The document summarizes recommendations from the High Level Expert Group on achieving Universal Health Coverage in India. It discusses expanding health coverage to all citizens through a national health package, increasing public spending on health to 3% of GDP, strengthening primary healthcare and developing norms for facilities at each level of care. It also emphasizes improving human resources for health, community participation, and access to medicines. The overall vision is to ensure equitable access to quality health services for all Indians.
The document outlines the National Rural Health Mission in India from 2005-2012. The mission aimed to improve healthcare access for rural populations by increasing public health spending, reducing regional disparities, and decentralizing healthcare administration. Key strategies included appointing a female community health worker in each village, preparing village-level health plans, strengthening primary healthcare centers, integrating vertical health programs, and promoting affordable access through public-private partnerships and health insurance. The goals were to reduce infant and maternal mortality and ensure universal access to primary healthcare services.
The document discusses healthcare planning and management. It covers the following key points in 3 sentences:
Planning in healthcare involves defining health problems, identifying unmet needs, surveying resources, and establishing feasible goals and actions. It includes formulation, execution, and evaluation of plans. The National Rural Health Mission in India aimed to improve access to rural healthcare by strengthening primary healthcare centers and providing community health workers.
This document discusses universal health coverage and provides information on key facts, definitions, objectives, and challenges. It summarizes the evolution of universal health coverage in India through various committee reports and schemes. Key recommendations from the High Level Expert Group report on achieving universal health coverage in India include establishing a national health package, developing health service norms, increasing human resources for health, strengthening community participation, and improving access to medicines and technology. Monitoring progress and overcoming challenges such as inadequate services, varying quality, and affordability issues are important to achieve universal health coverage.
This document discusses health for all as a goal and outlines steps needed for universal health coverage in India by 2022. It recommends increasing public health expenditure to at least 3% of GDP, developing a national health package with essential services, strengthening human resources for health, and ensuring access to affordable medicines for all through price controls and expanding the essential drugs list. The goal is to make affordable, quality health services accessible to all Indians.
This document provides an overview of health care in India, including:
1. It discusses the levels of health care in India from primary to tertiary and the services provided at each level. Primary care aims to provide essential health care close to communities.
2. It outlines changing concepts of health care over time from comprehensive to basic to primary health care, with a focus on community participation and equitable access.
3. It describes goals and principles of primary health care in India, including the goal of "Health for All" and providing basic health services that are accessible to all.
NHM Overview of Gov of Bharat. The presentation is very helpful.pritoshitconsultant
The National Health Mission (NHM) aims to provide universal access to equitable, affordable, and quality healthcare services. It seeks to strengthen primary healthcare through initiatives like Health and Wellness Centers and increasing public expenditure on healthcare. The NHM addresses issues such as low access to healthcare, fragmented programs, and shortages in human resources. It focuses on improving healthcare management through measures like community involvement, decentralization, and flexible financing. The ultimate goal is to support states in providing comprehensive and high-quality healthcare that meets people's needs.
its a presentation for dental students in subject to Public Health Dentistry conttaing
Levels of Health Care In India
Characteristics of primary health care
Components of health care
Principles of primary health care
Health care sectors in India
Village level workers
Sub-Centre level
Primary health care
Community health centre
The National Rural Health Mission aims to provide effective and accessible healthcare to rural India, especially 18 focus states with weak public health indicators. Key goals include reducing infant and maternal mortality, increasing access to public health services, and controlling communicable and non-communicable diseases. Strategies include strengthening primary healthcare through community health workers, improving facilities, integrating health programs, and increasing funding to 2-3% of GDP. The mission establishes institutional mechanisms at village, district, and state levels and seeks to involve private partnerships to achieve its vision of equitable rural healthcare.
The National Rural Health Mission aims to provide effective and accessible healthcare to rural India, especially 18 focus states with weak public health indicators. Key goals include reducing infant and maternal mortality, increasing access to public health services, and controlling communicable and non-communicable diseases. Strategies include training local health committees, deploying accredited social health activists in each village, strengthening primary health centers and community health centers, and integrating health programs at district and state levels through district health plans. The mission seeks to improve healthcare infrastructure, human resources, and community ownership of public health services in rural India.
The document discusses India's plan to establish 150,000 Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) by transforming existing primary health centres to deliver comprehensive primary health care services. The HWCs aim to expand access to services like management of communicable and non-communicable diseases, reproductive care, palliative care, and health promotion. They will operate under principles like population coverage, continuity of care through referrals, community engagement, and use of technology. The success relies on adequate staffing, infrastructure, supplies and financing at HWCs, as well as coordination with secondary and tertiary facilities.
The document summarizes the evolution of universal health coverage in India from 1946 to present. Key milestones include recommendations from committees such as the Bhore Committee in 1946 which recommended integrating preventive and curative services and establishing primary health centers. Other committees addressed issues like medical education reform, strengthening district hospitals, and establishing a unified health cadre. National policies in 1983, 2002, and 2017 aimed to provide comprehensive primary health care through a decentralized public health system. Key programs launched include the National Rural Health Mission in 2005, National Health Mission in 2013, and Ayushman Bharat in 2018 which aims to provide health insurance coverage to 500 million Indians.
The document discusses India's national health policies from 1983 to the present. It provides an overview of key events in India such as the establishment of the Planning Commission in 1950 and the goals and achievements of the National Health Policies of 1983, 2002, and 2017. The current National Health Policy of 2017 aims to achieve universal health coverage and access to affordable healthcare services while strengthening the health system through increased funding, expanded infrastructure and workforce.
The document outlines India's national health policies from 1983 to 2017. It begins with the background of the Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978 which established the goal of "Health for All" through primary health care. The key policies are the National Health Policy 1983 which aimed to achieve health for all by 2000, the 2002 policy which revised goals, and subsequent policies in 2015 and 2017 which set new targets for improving health outcomes and increasing access to care. The policies focus on developing infrastructure, increasing funding, and making progress on reducing diseases and improving health indicators.
Universal health coverage aims to ensure everyone has access to health services without facing financial hardship. World Health Day 2022's theme focuses on achieving universal health coverage for everyone everywhere. India's Ayushman Bharat program aims to achieve this through two pillars - providing basic health services through health centers and providing insurance coverage for serious illnesses for poor families. Realizing universal coverage requires addressing issues like inadequate resources, uneven quality of care, and high out-of-pocket costs that push people into poverty.
The document discusses health care reforms in India. It defines key concepts like health systems and health care. It outlines the components and goals of health sector reforms, including improving efficiency, equity and effectiveness. Some key reforms in India include reorganizing the existing health care system, decentralization, increasing community involvement, and public-private partnerships. Challenges to reforms include unclear roles and responsibilities and balancing various stakeholder interests.
The document summarizes key aspects of health sector reforms in India. It discusses reforms related to decentralization, human resources, financing, restructuring the health system, management information systems, community participation, quality assurance, convergence of programs, and public-private partnerships. The reforms aim to improve access to healthcare especially for rural and underserved populations through various policy changes introduced since the 1980s.
Similar to Health Aspect of 12th five year plan in India (20)
This document discusses epidemiology of road traffic accidents. It provides definitions of road traffic accidents and some key facts such as road accidents being a global problem that disproportionately impact low and middle income countries. Speeding, drinking and driving, lack of helmet and seatbelt use, and poor road infrastructure are identified as major risk factors. The document also outlines the epidemiological triad of host, agent, and environmental factors in road accidents. It discusses the burden of road accidents in India and provides data on deaths by type of road users and vehicles. Prevention strategies covered include education, legislation around drinking and driving, helmet and seatbelt use, speed management, and improving trauma care systems.
This document provides an overview of measuring the burden of disease. It discusses the evolution of summary measures of population health, including health expectancies like HALE and QALE, and health gaps like DALYs. The Global Burden of Disease study is introduced, which developed the DALY measure. DALYs combine years of life lost to premature mortality and years lived with disability. The document explains how DALYs are calculated, including incorporating social values through disability weights, age weights, and time discounting. Criticisms of the GBD methodology and DALY measure are also summarized.
Health financing strategies uhc 27 09 12Vikash Keshri
This document discusses health financing strategies for universal health coverage. It begins by defining universal health coverage and providing historical perspectives. It then discusses the current state of health financing in India, including low public spending, high private out-of-pocket expenditures, and variations between states. The document outlines that achieving universal health coverage requires raising sufficient funds, removing financial barriers, and using resources efficiently. It examines strategies for generating more health resources, utilizing resources effectively to prevent waste, and proposes the key recommendations of India's High Level Expert Group on universalizing access to affordable healthcare.
This document discusses various concepts of health and disease. It begins by describing the biomedical concept of health as the absence of disease, but notes that this view minimizes social and environmental factors. It then outlines the ecological, psychosocial, and holistic concepts of health as dynamic interactions between individuals and their environments. The document also discusses definitions of health from WHO and as an adequate functioning of the organism. It examines dimensions of health including physical, mental, social, spiritual and more. Finally, it reviews determinants of health and various health indicators.
This document summarizes the history of medicine from primitive times to modern times in 3 main sections. It describes how primitive medicine was based on supernatural beliefs and focused on appeasing gods. It then discusses the development of Indian and Chinese medicine, highlighting important figures like Sushruta and theories like Ayurveda's tridosha. Finally, it reviews the evolution of medicine in ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, the Middle Ages and the revivals and advances that have occurred since the Renaissance to modern times and the development of organizations like the WHO.
The US health system is complex, relying on government, private markets, and charities. It consists of private health insurance, government programs like Medicare and Medicaid, and a public health system. Major components include private physicians and hospitals, as well as health maintenance organizations. The system faces rising costs and led to the 2010 Affordable Care Act which expanded insurance coverage.
This document provides an overview of statistical tests of significance used to analyze data and determine whether observed differences could reasonably be due to chance. It defines key terms like population, sample, parameters, statistics, and hypotheses. It then describes several common tests including z-tests, t-tests, F-tests, chi-square tests, and ANOVA. For each test, it outlines the assumptions, calculation steps, and how to interpret the results to evaluate the null hypothesis. The goal of these tests is to determine if an observed difference is statistically significant or could reasonably be expected due to random chance alone.
Adverse Event Following Immunization: introduction - Vikash keshriVikash Keshri
This document discusses adverse events following immunization (AEFI). It defines AEFI and outlines common minor reactions like fever, pain, and irritability. More serious but rare reactions like seizures are also described. The document emphasizes that AEFIs must be addressed professionally and rapidly. It provides tips for health workers to minimize AEFIs, such as using separate sites and auto-disable syringes for each vaccine, and disposing of sharps safely. Maintaining clean hands and preventing contamination are stressed. The goal of AEFI reporting is assistance, not blame of field staff.
Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in children under 5 globally. Two rotavirus vaccines, Rotarix and RotaTeq, have proven safe and effective in reducing severe rotavirus disease and deaths. Based on evidence from trials in developing countries showing significant public health impact, WHO now strongly recommends that rotavirus vaccines be included in all national immunization programs worldwide. The first dose should be given between 6-15 weeks of age.
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Dawn of new Era: Digital Human, Agentic AI, and Auto sapiensJAI NAHAR, MD MBA
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Module 7- Care Planning, Restorative Care, Documentation, Working in the Comm...Reliable Assignments Help
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Health Aspect of 12th five year plan in India
1. 12th Five Year Plan
Vikash Keshri
Moderated by:
Dr. A. M. Mehendale
2. Presentation Outline:
• Five year plans: Brief History
• Planning Commission: Constitution & Functions
• Key Achievement in health sector during 11th Five Year
Plan
• Policy Papers concerned:
– High Level Expert Group on Health (HLEG)
Recommendation
– Approach Paper for 12th Plan
• Focus during 12th Five Year Plan:
Report of steering group on Health
3. History:
• "The Constitution of India has guaranteed certain Fundamental Rights
to the citizens of India:
– That the citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an
adequate means of livelihood ;
– The ownership and control of the material resources of the
community are so distributed as best to sub serve the common
good ; and
– The operation of the economic system does not result in the
concentration of wealth and means of production to the common
detriment.
4. History …
• Set up by a Resolution of the Government of India in
March 1950.
Objectives:
– To promote a rapid rise in the standard of living of the people by
efficient exploitation of the resources of the country,
– Increasing production and offering opportunities to all for
employment in the service of the community.
5. Five Year Pans:
• First Five-year Plan - 1951
Second Five Year Plan: 1956
Third Five Year Plan: 1961
Plan Holiday: 1966 to 69 due to Indo – Pak War.
Fourth Plan: 1969
Fifth Plan: 1974
Sixth Plan: 1979
Seventh Plan: 1984
No plan due to frequent change of 1989- 90 -91-92 government at the
centre
Eighth Plan: 1992
Ninth Plan: 1997
Tenth Plan: 2002
Eleventh Plan: 2007 -12
6. Functions of Planning Commission
• Assessment of the material, capital and human resources of the
country
• Formulate a Plan for the most effective and balanced utilisation of
country's resources;
• Determination of priorities, stages to carry out Plan and propose the
allocation of resources.
• Indicate the factors which are tending to retard economic
development.
• Determine the nature of the machinery necessary for the successful
implementation of Plan.
• Appraise from time to time the progress achieved.
• Make recommendation for policy formulations.
7. Organization:
• Chairman – Prime Minister of India
• Deputy Chairman
• Minister of state (Planning)
• Members
• Member Secretary
• Senior Officers
• Grievance officer
8. 11th Five Year Plan: Key Observation in
Health sectors
• Goals of health indicators:
• Percentage of GDP on Health:
Less than 1% to 1.4 % and 1.8% including water and sanitation.
• Shortage of health professionals.
Goals 2006 Latest
Infant Mortality rate 57 47 (World Bank)
Maternal mortality
ratio
242 212 ( SRS)
Institutional deliveries 54 72 (CES, 2009)
Proportion of Fully
Immunized Children
59 73 (CES, 2009)
9. Why 12th Plan is Important?
• Millennium Development Goals - 2015.
• The Prime Minister’s Independence day speech on 15th
August.
• First time in the history of India widespread public
consultation to prepare the draft of 12th Five year plan.
• High level Expert Group on Universal Health Coverage
10. High Level Expert Group on Universal
Health Coverage
• Chaired by Dr. K. S. Reddy.
• Report submitted in October, 2011.
• Mandates:
To address the need of Universal Health Coverage.
To address the social determinants of health.
• Definition of UHC by HLEG
“Ensuring equitable access for all Indian citizens, resident in
any part of the country, regardless of income level, social
status, gender, caste or religion to affordable, accountable,
appropriate health services of assured quality (Promotive,
preventive, curative and rehabilitative) as well as public
health services addressing the wider determinants of health
delivered to individuals and populations, with the
government being the guarantor and enabler, although not
necessarily the only provider, of health and related services.”
11. Guiding Principles:
1. Universality,
2. Equity,
3. Non-exclusion and non-discrimination,
4. Comprehensive care that is rational and of good quality,
5. Financial protection,
6. Protection of patients' rights that guarantee appropriateness of care,
7. Patient choice,
8. Portability and continuity of care,
9. Consolidated and strengthened public health provisioning,
10. Accountability and transparency,
11. Community participation and
12. Putting health in People’s hands.
• Two critical factors to achieve and sustain UHC:
Social determinants of health and
Gender Issues
13. The New Architecture for UHC
1. Health Financing and Financial Protection
2. Health Service Norms
3. Human Resources for Health
4. Community Participation and Citizen Engagement
5. Access to Medicines, Vaccines and Technology
6. Management and Institutional Reforms
15. Recommendations:
• Increase public expenditures on health:
1.2% of GDP to 2.5% by the end of the 12th plan,
To at least 3% of GDP by 2022.
• Ensure availability of free essential medicines:
– Increasing public spending on drug procurement.
• Use general taxation as the principal source of health care financing
– complemented by additional mandatory deductions for health care from
salaried individuals and tax payers, either as a proportion of taxable
income or as a proportion of salary.
• Do not levy sector-specific taxes for financing.
• Do not levy fees of any kind for use of health care services under the
UHC.
16. • Introduce specific purpose transfers to equalize the levels of per capita
public spending on health across different states .
• Accept flexible and differential norms for allocating finances.
• Expenditures on primary health care, should account for at least 70%
of all health care expenditures.
• Do not use insurance companies or any other independent agents to
purchase health care services on behalf of the government.
• Purchases of all health care services under directly by the Central and
state governments or autonomous agencies.
• All government funded insurance schemes should, over time, be
integrated with the UHC system.
• Develop a National Health Package.
17. HEALTH SERVICES:
Recommendations:
• Develop a National Health Package
• Develop effective contracting-in guidelines for the provision of health
care by the formal private sector.
• Reorient health care provision to focus significantly on primary health
care.
• Strengthen District Hospitals.
• Ensure equitable access to functional beds for guaranteeing secondary
and tertiary care.
• Ensure adherence to quality assurance standards at all levels of service
delivery.
• Ensure equitable access to health facilities in urban areas
18. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH:
This recommendation has two implications.
More equitable distribution of human resources
Potential to generate around 4 million new jobs (including over a million
community health workers) over the next ten years.
• Recommendations:
Ensure adequate numbers of trained health care providers and
technical health care workers at different levels by
a) Giving primacy to the provision of primary health care
b) Increasing HRH density to achieve WHO norms of at least 23 health
workers per 10,000 populations (doctors, nurses, and midwives).
More specifically the following is proposed:
• Community Health workers:
– Two community health workers (CHW's or Accredited Social Health
Activists (ASHAs)) population in rural and tribal areas.
– At least one female
– Similarly trained CHW for every 1000 population among low-income
vulnerable urban communities.
19. • Rural Health Care Providers:
Bachelor of Rural Health Care (BRHC)
• Nursing staffs
• AYUSH
• Allied Health Professionals
• Allopathic Doctors
• Finally the manpower at different level
– Village and community level:
• Two health worker (1 ASHA and 1 AWW with helper)
• Similarly 1 CHW in vulnerable urban area
– Sub centre
• At least 2 ANM and one male health worker
• Supplementation with Rural Medical Practitioners
--Primary Health Centre
• In addition to IPHS, AYUSH Pharmacist, dentist, additional doctor and
Male health worker
– Community Health Centres level:
• Increase no. of staff nurse to 19 and additional male health worker,
Physiotherapist.
20. • Enhance the quality of HRH education and training by introducing
competency-based, health system-connected curricula and
continuous education.
• Invest in additional educational institutions
• Establish District Health Knowledge Institutes (DHKIs).
• Strengthen existing State and Regional Institutes of Family Welfare
• Establish a dedicated training system for Community Health workers
• Establish State Health Science Universities.
• Establish the National Council for Human Resources in Health
(NCHRH).
21. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND
CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND CITIZEN
ENGAGEMENT:
• Transform existing Village Health Committees or Health and
Sanitation Committees into participatory Health Councils.
• Organize regular Health Assemblies.
• Enhance the role of elected representatives as well as Panchayati Raj
institutions (in rural areas and local bodies in urban areas).
• Strengthen the role of civil society and non-governmental
Organizations.
• Institute a formal grievance redressal mechanism at the block level.
22. ACCESS TO MEDICINES, VACCINES AND
TECHNOLOGY:
• Current Scenario:
Almost 74% of private out-of-pocket expenditures.
Millions of Indian households have no access to medicines.
Drug prices have risen sharply in recent decades.
India's dynamic domestic generic industry is at risk of
takeover by multinational companies.
The market is flooded by irrational, nonessential, and even
hazardous drugs.
23. Recommendations:
• Enforce price controls and price regulation especially on essential
drugs.
• Revise and expand the Essential Drugs List.
• Strengthen the public sector to protect the capacity of domestic drug
and vaccines industry to meet national needs.
• Ensure the rational use of drugs.
• Set up national and state drug supply logistics corporations.
• Protect the safeguards provided by the Indian patents law and the
TRIPS Agreement against the country's ability to produce essential
drugs.
• Empower the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to strengthen the
drug regulatory system.
24. MANAGEMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL
REFORMS
Managerial reforms:
• Recommendations:
• Introduce All India and state level Public Health Service Cadres &
specialized state level Health Systems Management Cadre.
• Adopt better human resource practices and assure career tracks for
competency-based professional advancement.
• Develop a national health information technology network
• Ensure strong linkages and synergies between management and
regulatory reforms and ensure accountability to patients and
communities.
• Establish financing and budgeting systems to streamline fund flow.
• Invest in health research
25. • The committee recommend the establishment of the following
agencies:
– National Health Regulatory and Development Authority
(NHRDA): The main functions of the NHRDA will be to regulate
and monitor public and private health care providers, with powers
of enforcement and redressal.
Three Units:
• The System Support Unit (SSU):
• The National Health and Medical Facilities Accreditation Unit
(NHMFAU):
• The Health System Evaluation Unit (HSEU):
– National Drug Regulatory and Development Authority
(NDRDA):
– National Health Promotion and Protection Trust (NHPPT):
26. Actual framework for 12th Plan
• A Renewed Commitment to Public Health:
• Review of the health system during the previous Plan:
• Identifying Structural Problems:
• Goals for Health Systems:
National Health Outcome Goals for the 12th Plan:
35. Health Information System:
A composite HIS should incorporate the following:
• Universal registration of births, deaths and cause of death. Maternal
and infant death reviews.
• Nutritional surveillance, in women in the reproductive age group
and under six children, linked to the ICDS Programme.
• Disease surveillance
• Out-patient and in-patient information through Electronic Medical
Records (EMR).
• Data on Human Resource within the public health system.
• Financial management in the public health system.
• Use of Communication and Information Technology (ICT) in
medical education
• Tele-medicine and consultation support
36. • Nation-wide registries of clinical establishments, manufacturing
units, drug-testing laboratories, licensed drugs and approved
clinical trials.
• Access of public to their own health information and medical
records.
• Programme Monitoring support for National Health Programmes
• A computer with internet connectivity in every PHC and all higher
health facilities .
• M-Health, the use of mobile phones to speed up transmission of
data and reduce burden of work.
37. Convergence with other Social Sector
Programmes (Specially ICDS)
At the National and State Levels:
• National Mission Steering Group,
• Empowered Programme Committee,
• National Programme Consultative Committee, and
• State level corresponding institutional mechanisms (State
Health Mission and State Health Society) as nodal
institutions to undertake convergence initiatives.
District levels and below:
• Local Self Government Bodies
38. Some areas of Convergence between ICDS
and Health
Suggested mechanism to achieve inter-sectoral coordination
and convergence with ICDS
• Harmonization of ICDS and Health Blocks.
• Roles of grass root workers clearly delineated. AWC for
health and nutrition and ASHA for her outreach activities.
• Development of joint field operational plans.
• Ensuring effective and efficient operation of Village
Health and Nutrition Days.
• Creating a direct reporting relationship between AWCs
and Sub-Centres
39. Public Health Management
The objective “fulfill society's interest in assuring conditions
in which people can be healthy.”
• The three core public health functions are:
– Assessment and monitoring in order to identify health problems
and priorities;
– Formulation of public policies to solve local and national health
problems and to set priorities; and
– To ensure that every person has access to appropriate and cost-
effective care.
• Recommendations:
– Developing and deploying a Public Health Cadre.
– Territorial responsibility of Public Health officials.
– Training for Public Health functionaries at all levels:
40. • Decentralization of responsibilities by involving Local Self-
Government Bodies:
• Regular, institution based health checks:
• Attention to balanced nutrition:
• Health Education campaign:
• Standards, regulations and Acts for public health:
• Enhancing community participation in planning,
implementation, monitoring and evaluation
• Occupational health:
41. Tertiary Care System:
Current Scenario:
Total No. of medical colleges = 335
Annual Training Capacity (UG) = 41569
Annual Training Capacity (PG) = 20858
Bed Strength = 2 lac (approx.)
Private hospitals .
Target:
• Doctor : Population = 1 : 2000 (approx.)
• Nurse : Population = 1 : 1130
• Nurse : Physician = 1.5 : 1
42. Projected Scenario:
• Doctor –Population Ratio = 1:2000 (existing approx.)
• Registered doctors =7.5 lakhs
• Active =5.5 lakhs.
• Existing training capacity (MBBS) = 41569
• Targeted training capacity (MBBS) = 80,000 (By 2021)
• Existing training capacity (PG) = 20868
• Targeted training capacity (PG) = 45, 000 (By 2021)
• Doctor –Population Ratio = 1:1000 (Targeted)
• To achieve this, an additional 5.5 lakh doctors required which
will be available by 2020.
44. Skilled health workers:
Four categories require expansion:
• Medical Graduates:
• Medical and Surgical Specialists:
• Para-medical workers for health facilities:
• Public Health professionals and community-based workers:
Recommendations:
• Expansion of Medical, Public Health, Nursing and paramedical
education
• Central Cadre of Medical Teachers:
• New category of mid-level health workers through a 3 year training
programme:
• Orienting medical education to the needs of society:
45. • Integrating of non-qualified practitioners into the health
system after suitable training:
• Mandate Continuing Medical Education to retain license
to practice:
• Better Information on Human Resource in Health:
• Ensuring adequate human resource for key tasks
• Human Resources Regulatory Functions:
• Norms for Staffing of Public Facilities:
• Management system for human resource in health:
46. Regulation of Food, Drugs, Medical Practice
and Public Health
• Regulation of Drugs:
• Regulation of Medical Practice:
• Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques
(Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994:
• Public Health regulation:
• General regulatory issues:
Quality Council of India (QCI)
47. Promoting Health Research
The Department of Health Research (DHR) created on 5th October
2007
• The strategies for health research in the 12th Plan should be the
following:
• Address national health priorities:
• Maternal and child nutrition, health and survival;
• High fertility in parts of the country;
• Low child sex ratio and discrimination against girl child;
• Prevention, early detection, treatment, rehabilitation to reduce
burden of diseases –
• Communicable, non-communicable (including mental illnesses) and
injuries;
• Sustainable health financing aimed at reducing household's out-of-
pocket expenditure;
48. • HIS covering universal vital registration, community based
monitoring, disease
• Surveillance and hospital based information systems for
prevention, treatment and teaching;
• Measures to address social determinants of health and
inequity, particularly among marginalized populations;
• Suggest and regularly update Standard Treatment Guidelines
which are both necessary and cost-effective for wider
adoption;
• Public health systems and their strengthening; and
• Health regulation, particularly on ethics issues in research.
49. • Build Research Coordination Framework:
– Efficient research governance, regulatory and evaluation
framework:
– Nurture development of research centres and labs:
– Utilize available research capacity by promoting Extramural
research:
– Build on strengths of Indian Systems of Medicine and
Homeopathy:
– Develop Human Resources:
– Cost-effectiveness studies to frame Clinical Treatment
Guidelines:
• AYUSH – Integration in Research, Teaching and Health
Care
50. Inclusive Agenda
To meet the special needs of the marginalized, the Steering Committee
recommends the following:
• Access to services:
• Special services for vulnerable populations:
• Disaggregated monitoring and evaluation systems:
• Including representatives of marginalized and disadvantaged
segments of the population in community fora:
51. References:
• History, Constitution of Planning commission in India:
Available on URL:
http://www.planningcommission.nic.in/index.php
• Planning commission. Report of High level Expert Group on
Health, Oct.2011.
• Planning Commission. Faster, sustainable and more inclusive
growth, Approach Paper for 12th Five year plan. August 2011.
• Health Division, Planning Commission. Report of Steering
Committee on health for 12th five year plan (includes
recommendation of all working group. February 2012