This document discusses SQL query performance analysis. Addhoc queries are non-parameterized queries that SQL Server treats as different statements even if they only differ by parameters. Prepared queries avoid this issue by using parameters. The query optimizer determines the most efficient execution plan based on criteria like cardinality and cost models. Execution plans and contexts are cached to improve performance. Examples are provided showing how join can outperform subquery, order in the WHERE clause matters, and how same outputs can have different execution plans.
Exciting Features for SQL Devs in SQL 2012Brij Mishra
SQL 2012 includes several new features for SQL developers including contained databases, columnstore indexes, sequence objects, data paging improvements, and new analytic functions like LEAD() and LAG(). It also enhances Transact-SQL with new conversion, date/time and logical functions and improves metadata discovery and error handling. Visual Studio integration is also improved with tighter management studio integration.
The document provides an overview of U-SQL, highlighting some differences from traditional SQL like C# keywords overlapping with SQL keywords, the ability to write C# expressions for data transformations, and supporting windowing functions, joins, and analytics capabilities. It also briefly covers topics like sorting, constant rowsets, inserts, and additional resources for learning more about U-SQL.
This document discusses various applications of common data structures. It covers linked lists, stacks, queues, deques, and trees. For each data structure, it provides examples of how they are used such as linked lists being used to implement queues and stacks and in web browser history. Stacks are used for reversing words and undo mechanisms. Queues are used for CPU and disk scheduling when resources are shared. Deques are used for palindrome checking and undo-redo operations. Trees have applications in file systems, DOM, network routing, syntax analysis, auto correction, and determining the next move in a game.
This document summarizes the capabilities of the MASSBAL sub-flowsheet in HYSYS. The MASSBAL sub-flowsheet allows users to create process flow diagrams using HYSYS unit operations that can be solved either sequentially or simultaneously using MASSBAL. Users can generate new cases by specifying process parameters within the MASSBAL flowsheet and running MASSBAL's simultaneous solver. Alternatively, users can read in previously created MASSBAL cases, though modifications must be made to the underlying data files rather than through the HYSYS interface. All source streams in a MASSBAL flowsheet must be fully specified according to phase equilibrium rules.
The REMUS V3.0 design overview summarizes the key components of the new hybrid data model for storing and extracting XML data. The model utilizes a combination of relational and XMLTYPE columns partitioned by article publish date and sub-partitioned by article type to enable faster querying and analytics. An XML extraction engine parses incoming articles and stores the extracted components in the hybrid model repositories. Dynamic SQL is used to determine the target repository for new articles based on their type at runtime.
Tuning Up Apache Phoenix. Secondary IndexesVlad Krava
By introducing Secondary Indexes to Apache Phoenix tables we increase filtering and sorting queries performance indicators. There are few ways to make Phoenix’s Global Indexes efficient.
MapReduce is a programming model and implementation for processing large datasets in a distributed environment. It allows users to write map and reduce functions to process key-value pairs. The MapReduce library handles parallelization across clusters, automatic parallelization, fault-tolerance through task replication, and load balancing. It was designed at Google to simplify distributed computations on massive amounts of data and aggregates the results across clusters.
This document discusses stored procedures in SQL Server. It notes that plan caching and reuse is generally good as it saves time and resources compared to recompiling plans. However, sometimes plan reuse can lead to parameter sniffing issues. It provides recommendations to avoid unnecessary recompilations like using temporary tables and hints, as well as techniques to address parameter sniffing like plan forcing. The presentation aims to separate facts from myths regarding stored procedures and optimization in SQL Server.
Spring Batch is a framework for writing batch processing applications. It provides reusable functions for processing large volumes of records, including logging, transactions, restarts and resource management. A typical batch job reads data, processes it, and writes the results. It supports various processing strategies like normal processing, concurrent processing, parallel processing and partitioning. The core components are jobs made up of steps, which use readers, processors and writers to operate on chunks of data in a configurable flow.
The technology has almost written off MySQL as a database for new fancy NoSQL databases like MongoDB and Cassandra or even Hadoop for aggregation. But MySQL has a lot to offer in terms of 'ACID'ity, performance and simplicity. For many use-cases MySQL works well. In this week's ShareThis workshop we discuss different tips & techniques to improve performance and extend the lifetime of your MySQL deployment.
A cluster computer consists of multiple connected nodes that work together like a single system. It can increase performance over a single computer by distributing work across nodes. There are different types of clusters, including load balancing clusters for high performance computing, visualization clusters with graphics cards, and grids that pool multiple distributed resources. Key advantages of clusters are increased performance through parallel processing, scalability by adding nodes, and lower cost by using commodity hardware. Performance monitoring is important as a cluster's speed depends on its nodes and network connection.
This document analyzes MySQL and PostgreSQL across several metrics for selecting a database for Echelon. PostgreSQL offers more advanced features and stronger data integrity but is slower. MySQL is faster but offers fewer features and weaker integrity. For Echelon, the document recommends developing cloud applications in PostgreSQL despite potential delays, as it outperforms MySQL overall and is more suitable for complex databases.
This document discusses reduce-side joins in Hadoop. Reduce-side joins are performed by joining datasets in the reduce phase based on a join key. The data is organized by Hadoop to send identical keys to the same reducer, making reduce-side joins straightforward to implement. However, performance can suffer as all data is shuffled across the network. The document outlines the steps to perform a reduce-side join which include tagging each dataset with an identity, creating a composite key, partitioning and sorting the data, then joining in the reducer based on the key.
This document discusses adding a MASSBAL sub-flowsheet in HYSYS. It describes entering material streams and unit operations from a MASSBAL case file into HYSYS to generate simulation results. The MASSBAL file uses a graphical interface to define streams, units, and case specifications in a text file that HYSYS then translates and simulates. Key differences between HYSYS and MASSBAL stream definitions and naming conventions are also outlined. The document concludes by noting configuration options available on the Parameters tab for the MASSBAL solving process.
The document describes the architecture of Galene, LinkedIn's search stack. It consists of a frontend, backend, federator, brokers, and search verticals. The federator routes queries to brokers which then query searchers to retrieve results from indexes. Results are merged, blended and returned. Live updates are supported through incremental updates to segmented indexes while maintaining a static rank ordering.
MapReduce is a programming model for processing large datasets in a distributed system. It allows parallel processing of data across clusters of computers. A MapReduce program defines a map function that processes key-value pairs to generate intermediate key-value pairs, and a reduce function that merges all intermediate values associated with the same intermediate key. The MapReduce framework handles parallelization of tasks, scheduling, input/output handling, and fault tolerance.
This document provides an overview of Spring Batch, including its typical architecture, key terminology, and how jobs flow through the framework. Spring Batch is designed for lightweight batch processing and works with a scheduler like Quartz. It allows for different types of processing like normal, concurrent, parallel, and partitioning. The document defines terminology like job hierarchy, step hierarchy, job parameters, and the difference between job execution context and step execution context. It also provides pointers on chunk processing, restarting jobs, using SPEL to access job parameters, and how to write custom item readers and writers.
YARN is the next generation of MapReduce that splits the JobTracker into separate daemons for resource management and job scheduling. The ResourceManager is responsible for arbitrating resources among applications and each application has its own ApplicationMaster for negotiating resources and monitoring tasks. The NodeManager on each node monitors resource usage and reports to the ResourceManager. YARN allows various distributed applications beyond MapReduce by having application-specific ApplicationMasters manage tasks.
Horizontal Aggregations in SQL to Prepare Data Sets for Data Mining AnalysisIOSR Journals
This document discusses techniques for performing horizontal aggregations in SQL to prepare data sets for data mining analysis. It presents three methods for horizontal aggregation using SQL - SPJ, PIVOT, and CASE. SPJ performs aggregation through joining tables containing vertical aggregations. PIVOT uses the SQL PIVOT operator to transpose results. CASE extends the SQL CASE construct. The methods were implemented in a prototype application and experiments showed the methods can generate horizontally formatted data sets suitable for data mining.
CloudAnt is a database as a service that provides components for building DBaaS applications. Documents are stored as JSON and accessed via API. Documents can represent single entities with related data embedded. MapReduce is used to implement views and relations without large single documents. Replication manages consistency across leader and replica nodes. Attachments can be included inline or referenced in documents.
Adapting and adopting SQL Plan Management (SPM) to achieve execution plan stability for sub-second queries on a high-rate OLTP mission-critical application
Antes de migrar de 10g a 11g o 12c, tome en cuenta las siguientes consideraciones. No es tan sencillo como simplemente cambiar de motor de base de datos, se necesita hacer consideraciones a nivel del aplicativo.
This document summarizes a presentation about distributed query optimization in SQL Server. It discusses how SQL Server's query optimizer handles queries that span multiple servers by pushing operations like filters, aggregates, and joins to remote data sources when possible. It provides examples of query plans that can and cannot be distributed. It also covers related topics like distributed transactions, double hop authentication, and troubleshooting queries that do not get distributed as expected.
Predicates allow filtering events based on:
- Event properties (fields)
- Session properties
- System properties
They are evaluated synchronously when the event fires. This allows filtering events and reducing overhead compared to capturing all events.
Common predicates:
- event_name = 'sql_statement_completed'
- database_id = 5
- cpu_time > 1000
Predicates give granular control over what events are captured.
This document provides an overview of Module 5: Optimize query performance in Azure SQL. The module contains 3 lessons that cover analyzing query plans, evaluating potential improvements, and reviewing table and index design. Lesson 1 explores generating and comparing execution plans, understanding how plans are generated, and the benefits of the Query Store. Lesson 2 examines database normalization, data types, index types, and denormalization. Lesson 3 describes wait statistics, tuning indexes, and using query hints. The lessons aim to help administrators optimize query performance in Azure SQL.
The document discusses SQL query performance analysis. It covers topics like the query optimizer, execution plans, statistics analysis, and different types of queries and indexes. The query optimizer uses cost-based optimization to determine the most efficient execution plan. Statistics help it estimate cardinality and choose good plans, so keeping statistics up to date is important. The goal is to have queries use indexes through seeks instead of scans whenever possible to improve performance.
CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation) is an architectural pattern that separates read and write operations into different models. This improves read performance by allowing queries to be routed to optimized data stores like fast in-memory or denormalized databases. Commands produce events that are asynchronously published to multiple recipients. Event handlers subscribe to events and perform actions like persisting state changes or updating aggregates. The read side may be eventually consistent with the write side to improve write performance without distributed transactions. Messaging systems like RabbitMQ can reliably deliver commands and events. Frameworks like NCQRS help implement the CQRS pattern for .NET applications.
This document discusses SQL tuning and provides an overview of the SQL execution process. It outlines the steps to identify and analyze poorly performing SQL, including using views like v$session to find long running sessions, AWR to find top SQL, and generating execution plans using EXPLAIN PLAN or DBMS_XPLAN to interpret execution plans and identify bottlenecks. The next session will cover interpreting execution plans in more detail as well as additional techniques for SQL tuning.
The document discusses SQL query performance analysis. It covers topics like the query optimizer, execution plans, statistics analysis, and different types of queries and scanning. The query optimizer is cost-based and determines the most efficient execution plan using cardinality estimates and cost models. Addhoc queries are non-parameterized queries that SQL Server treats differently than prepared queries. Execution plans show the steps and methods used to retrieve and process data. Statistics help the optimizer generate accurate cardinality estimates to pick high-performing plans.
These slides would share our experiences in reusing the legacy automation testing code (Selenium+xpath) in IE. To reuse our legacy code in IE, we explored three techinques, i.e., CSS selectors, jQuery selectors, Javascript-xpath library.
These slides would discuss each technique and explain how we addressed the limitations of existing teachniques. The discussions would present how to rejuvenate the legacy code at code level and library level. Finally, the best practices would be summarized based on the practical experiences.
MicroStrategy integrates with Microsoft SQL Server in several ways to optimize analytical queries:
1) MicroStrategy generates SQL Server-specific syntax and pushes over 120 functions to take advantage of SQL Server's analytics capabilities.
2) MicroStrategy uses multi-pass SQL and intermediate tables to help answer complex analytical questions, with options like global temporary tables and parallel query execution.
3) MicroStrategy supports key SQL Server features like parallel queries, indexed views, compression, and partitioning to improve performance.
This document summarizes a presentation on using Azure Databricks to predict flight delays. It introduces Databricks, which has environments for SQL, data science/engineering, and machine learning. For the flight prediction scenario, historical flight data is loaded into Databricks and a decision tree model is trained to predict delays. The model is then used to score new flight data and results are analyzed in Power BI.
Enabling Model Testing of Cyber Physical SystemsLionel Briand
This document proposes a methodology for model testing of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) using SysML and Simulink models. It presents a case study of modeling an attitude determination and control system. Key points:
- A modeling methodology is introduced to specify testable CPS models in SysML and integrate them with Simulink models. This allows for co-simulation of software and functional models.
- An execution framework is developed to efficiently co-simulate SysML and Simulink models without user intervention, while generating traces for test evaluation.
- An evaluation on the case study shows the approach enables overnight model testing of realistic CPS models. However, integrating Simulink models and specifying software
The document describes the process of performance tuning for a database application. It presents a case study where a GUI screen was taking too long to load due to an inefficient query. The case study outlines identifying the problematic query, investigating solutions, replacing the query with a tuned version, and measuring the results. The document also provides an overview of database performance concepts like response time, wait time, and throughput. It describes different components involved in SQL processing like the parser, optimizer, row source generator, and execution plan.
Organizations continue to adopt Solr because of its ability to scale to meet even the most demanding workflows. Recently, LucidWorks has been leading the effort to identify, measure, and expand the limits of Solr. As part of this effort, we've learned a few things along the way that should prove useful for any organization wanting to scale Solr. Attendees will come away with a better understanding of how sharding and replication impact performance. Also, no benchmark is useful without being repeatable; Tim will also cover how to perform similar tests using the Solr-Scale-Toolkit in Amazon EC2.
Денис Резник "Зачем мне знать SQL и Базы Данных, ведь у меня есть ORM?"Fwdays
Начинаем новый проект. Платформа - .Net, язык программирования - C#, база данных - SQL Server. Как будем работать с базой данных? ORM. Скорее всего Entity Framework. Можно начинать.
К сожалению, этого набора уже достаточно для старта проекта :) но недостаточно для безболезненного его запуска и развития. В этом докладе мы поговорим об опасностях, которые скрываются в недрах ORM и о том, как можно попробовать уберечь себя и свой проект от них.
Improving Batch-Process Testing Techniques with a Domain-Specific LanguageDr. Spock
The document proposes using a domain-specific language (DSL) to improve testing of batch processes. It discusses challenges in batch process testing and principles for good test automation. The document then describes two case studies where DSLs were used to simplify test setup and writing for batch systems at a bank. An internal DSL using Selenium simplified visual testing, while an external DSL with Spring Remoting provided faster and more precise batch execution control. Both approaches made test automation easier but required effort to prepare isolated test environments.
1. Script backup
2. Recovery models
3. Backup type(Full,differential, transactional)
4. Transactional logs
5. Point in time restore
6. Transactional log shipping
7. Recovery of deleted data without any backup
This document discusses database indexing. It provides information on the benefits of indexes, how to create indexes, common misconceptions about indexing, and rules for determining when and how to create indexes. Key points include that indexes improve performance of queries by enabling faster data retrieval and synchronization; indexes should be created on columns frequently filtered in WHERE and JOIN clauses; and the order of columns in an index matters for its effectiveness.
This document discusses various techniques for optimizing SQL queries in SQL Server, including:
1) Using parameterized queries instead of ad-hoc queries to avoid compilation overhead and improve plan caching.
2) Ensuring optimal ordering of predicates in the WHERE clause and creating appropriate indexes to enable index seeks.
3) Understanding how the query optimizer works by estimating cardinality based on statistics and choosing low-cost execution plans.
4) Avoiding parameter sniffing issues and non-deterministic expressions that prevent accurate cardinality estimation.
5) Using features like the Database Tuning Advisor and query profiling tools to identify optimization opportunities.
This document discusses SQL query performance analysis through indexing. It begins by defining an index as a way to organize data to make searching, sorting, and grouping faster. Indexes are needed for clauses like WHERE, ON, HAVING (searching), ORDER BY (sorting), and GROUP BY (grouping). The document then discusses different types of scans like table scans, index scans, and index seeks and explains their time complexities. It defines clustered and non-clustered indexes and how they are structured. Key terms in execution plans like predicate, object, and seek predicate are also explained. Finally, the concept of covering indexes to optimize queries is introduced.
The document discusses how data is stored and organized in Microsoft SQL Server. It explains that rows in a table will always appear in the order they were inserted by default. It also describes how data is stored across 8KB pages that are grouped into extents for storage management, and how rows cannot span multiple pages. The document also provides an overview of different types of JOINs between tables like INNER, LEFT OUTER, RIGHT OUTER, and FULL OUTER JOINs.
The document discusses database normalization through third normal form. It describes eliminating repeating groups and redundant data by creating separate tables for each set of related data identified by a primary key. These tables should have no non-key attributes that are functionally dependent on other non-prime attributes. The document also covers one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships and discusses whether an application is better suited for online transaction processing or online analytical processing.
This document discusses SQL query performance analysis and optimization. It covers key topics like indexes, different types of scans (table scan, index scan, index seek), clustered vs non-clustered indexes, covering indexes to optimize queries, and using statistics to help the query optimizer generate efficient execution plans. The goal is to help analyze and tune queries to achieve fast index seeks and optimize performance.
The document discusses several key concepts in SQL Server including:
1. Data in tables is stored in pages by default in the order records are inserted (natural order).
2. Pages are the basic unit of storage which are grouped into extents of 8 contiguous pages.
3. The ORDER BY clause allows ordering the results of a SELECT statement in ascending or descending order.
SQL Server stores data in pages that are grouped into extents for management. By default, rows are returned in the order they were inserted. A nonclustered index will use less space than a clustered index since it only stores the key columns rather than the entire row. The ORDER BY clause is used to sort query results. Various types of joins can be used to combine data from multiple tables.
This document discusses four topics related to database queries: ad hoc queries, execution plans, statistics analysis, and deadlock analysis. Ad hoc queries are queries that are not pre-defined while execution plans show how the database will execute a particular query. Statistics analysis examines data distribution and deadlock analysis identifies locking issues between concurrent queries.
Life of Ah Gong and Ah Kim ~ A Story with Life Lessons (Hokkien, English & Ch...OH TEIK BIN
A PowerPoint Presentation of a fictitious story that imparts Life Lessons on loving-kindness, virtue, compassion and wisdom.
The texts are in Romanized Hokkien, English and Chinese.
For the Video Presentation with audio narration in Hokkien, please check out the Link:
https://vimeo.com/manage/videos/987932748
Email Marketing in Odoo 17 - Odoo 17 SlidesCeline George
Email marketing is used to send advertisements or commercial messages to specific groups of people by using email. Email Marketing also helps to track the campaign’s overall effectiveness. This slide will show the features of odoo 17 email marketing.
Plato and Aristotle's Views on Poetry by V.Jesinthal Maryjessintv
PPT on Plato and Aristotle's Views on Poetry prepared by Mrs.V.Jesinthal Mary, Dept of English and Foreign Languages(EFL),SRMIST Science and Humanities ,Ramapuram,Chennai-600089
Lecture Notes Unit4 Chapter13 users , roles and privilegesMurugan146644
Description:
Welcome to the comprehensive guide on Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) concepts, tailored for final year B.Sc. Computer Science students affiliated with Alagappa University. This document covers fundamental principles and advanced topics in RDBMS, offering a structured approach to understanding databases in the context of modern computing. PDF content is prepared from the text book Learn Oracle 8I by JOSE A RAMALHO.
Key Topics Covered:
Main Topic : USERS, Roles and Privileges
In Oracle databases, users are individuals or applications that interact with the database. Each user is assigned specific roles, which are collections of privileges that define their access levels and capabilities. Privileges are permissions granted to users or roles, allowing actions like creating tables, executing procedures, or querying data. Properly managing users, roles, and privileges is essential for maintaining security and ensuring that users have appropriate access to database resources, thus supporting effective data management and integrity within the Oracle environment.
Sub-Topic :
Definition of User, User Creation Commands, Grant Command, Deleting a user, Privileges, System privileges and object privileges, Grant Object Privileges, Viewing a users, Revoke Object Privileges, Creation of Role, Granting privileges and roles to role, View the roles of a user , Deleting a role
Target Audience:
Final year B.Sc. Computer Science students at Alagappa University seeking a solid foundation in RDBMS principles for academic and practical applications.
URL for previous slides
chapter 8,9 and 10 : https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/lecture_notes_unit4_chapter_8_9_10_rdbms-for-the-students-affiliated-by-alagappa-university/270123800
Chapter 11 Sequence: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/sequnces-lecture_notes_unit4_chapter11_sequence/270134792
Chapter 12 View : https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/rdbms-lecture-notes-unit4-chapter12-view/270199683
About the Author:
Dr. S. Murugan is Associate Professor at Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi. With 23 years of teaching experience in the field of Computer Science, Dr. S. Murugan has a passion for simplifying complex concepts in database management.
Disclaimer:
This document is intended for educational purposes only. The content presented here reflects the author’s understanding in the field of RDBMS as of 2024.
How to Create an XLS Report in Odoo 17 - Odoo 17 SlidesCeline George
XLSX reports are essential for structured data analysis, customizable presentation, and compatibility across platforms, facilitating efficient decision-making and communication within organizations.
How to Fix Field Does Not Exist Error in Odoo 17Celine George
This slide will represent how to fix the error field does not exist in a model in Odoo 17. So if you got an error field does not exist it typically means that you are trying to refer a field that doesn’t exist in the model or view.
How to install python packages from PycharmCeline George
In this slide, let's discuss how to install Python packages from PyCharm. In case we do any customization in our Odoo environment, sometimes it will be necessary to install some additional Python packages. Let’s check how we can do this from PyCharm.
2. Addhoc Queries
Any non-Parameterized queries are called addhoc queries. For
example :
SELECT MsgID, Severity FROM SqlMessage WHERE MsgID = 100
In sql server if we execute a sql query it goes through two steps
just like any other programming languages:
• 1. Compilation
• 2. Execution
3. Properties of addhoc query
• Case sensitive
• Space sensitive
• Parameter sensitive
Sql severs treats two same sql query but of different parameters
as different sql statements. For example:
• SELECT MsgID, Severity FROM SqlMessage WHERE MsgID = 1
• SELECT MsgID, Severity FROM SqlMessage WHERE MsgID = 2
4. Effect of faulty C# code
• Sql server has took extra n * (Compilation time) ms to display
records
• Extra time to insert records in cached plans.
• Sql server has to frequently fire a job to delete the cached
plan since it will reach the max limit very soon.
• It will not only decrease the performance of this sql query but
all sql queries of other application since this faulty code will
force to delete cached query plans of other sql statement.
6. Query Processing
• Non-Procedural: . SELECT, DELETE, UPDATE
statements etc.
• a. Analyze the query.
• b. Get execution plan.
• b. Process the query.
• Procedural: Stored procedure, sql functions
etc.
8. Query Optimizer
The query optimizer in SQL Server is cost-based. It includes:
1. Cost for using different resources (CPU and IO)
2. Total execution time
It determines the cost by using:
• Cardinality: The total number of rows processed at each level of a
query plan with the help of histograms , predicates and constraint
• Cost model of the algorithm: To perform various operations like
sorting, searching, comparisons etc.
9. Execution Plan and Caching
• Query Plan
• Execution Context
• Database Engine uses a cost-based approach
to determine which execution plans to remove
from the procedure cache.
10. Assignments
• 1. Give any example in which join performs better
than sub query.
• 2. Give me any example in which order matters in
WHERE clause.
• 3. Give me any three examples which query
returns same output but have different execution
plan
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/library/ms175913(v=sql.105).aspx