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This study reveals 246 behaviour-related and 200 physiological factors associated with genetic predisposition to suicide attempts. Mendelian randomization further indicates causal links for 58 factors.
Australian archaeological finds of 12,000-year-old fireplaces and artefacts match nineteenth-century GunaiKurnai ritual practices. They represent approximately 500 generations of cultural transmission of this ritual.
Using propensity score matching, Kim et al. find evidence of higher short- and long-term risk of adverse neuropsychiatric outcomes in Korean and Japanese cohorts of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 than in the general population.
In this randomized controlled trial, Gennetian et al. evaluated the impacts of cash transfers on family investments. Families with low income were randomized to receive monthly unconditional cash starting at childbirth. Households spent more money and time on child-specific goods and learning activities.
Majlesi et al. show that Asian workers in occupations with a higher likelihood of face-to-face interactions were more likely to become unemployed after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic due to shifts in public opinion. People who voted for Donald Trump in 2016 had more negative shifts in perceived favourability of Asians.
Ye et al. find a positive causal effect of mental well-being on healthy aging, independent of socioeconomic status. This work underscores the imperative to prioritize mental well-being in health policies geared to fostering healthy aging.
Anlló et al. show that context effects on reward value encoding are found across 11 diverse countries, suggesting that this may be a basic feature of human decision-making.
When people make a decision, the actions they take might look similar regardless of how they arrived at that decision. In this Article, Hagura et al. show that the brain learns and remembers actions differently on the basis of the level of uncertainty associated with its context.
Does self-administered mindfulness effectively reduce stress? In a study across 37 sites involving 2,239 participants, four mindfulness exercises significantly reduced short-term, self-reported stress.
This study reveals that current interventions against misinformation erode belief in accurate information. The authors argue that future strategies should shift their focus from only fighting falsehoods to also nurturing trust in reliable news.
Kranzler et al. examine the association between adverse childhood events and mood and anxiety disorders and substance dependence. The results show that adverse childhood events are associated with risk of substance dependence, with this effect mediated by mood and anxiety disorders. Similar associations were found for the risk of mood and anxiety disorders with substance dependence as a mediator.
Gretzinger et al. examine genetic evidence from 31 Iron Age individuals in southern Germany and find that this early Celtic society probably had a dynastic system of matrilineal inheritance, with a network of well-connected elites covering a broad territory.
Vassiliadis et al. use transcranial temporal interference stimulation—a non-invasive deep brain stimulation technique—to show that stimulation of the striatum applied at 80 Hz disrupts the ability to learn from reinforcement feedback.
Genome-wide analyses reveal a deep history of musical instruments and specialized vocabulary among Central African hunter-gatherers and the long-term cultural interconnectivity of these groups before and after the Bantu expansion.
By combining advanced mathematical modelling with data from a rare sample of patients with brain damage, the authors show that a specific part of the brain in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex is associated with putting in effort to help other people.
A mathematical model of the evolution and development of hominin brain size suggests that the evolution of a larger brain size in humans may have been driven by changes in developmental constraints rather than selection for brain size.
A randomized controlled trial of a nurse-led 911 triage programme in Washington, DC, by Wilson et al. finds that the programme improves the use of ambulance services and helps connect non-emergency callers with primary care.
Testing two families of large language models (LLMs) (GPT and LLaMA2) on a battery of measurements spanning different theory of mind abilities, Strachan et al. find that the performance of LLMs can mirror that of humans on most of these tasks. The authors explored potential reasons for this.