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In a context of tighter regulations on approved insecticide molecules, the spread of insecticide resistance in insect vectors of human and animal diseases and the introduction of exotic vectors to new territories call for the development of new pest control methods and strategies. New genetic control methods, related to the ancestral sterile insect technique (SIT), show particular promise and are being developed in response to increasing health and agricultural challenges. These include the use of symbionts like Wolbachia and the use of transgenic insect strains, some of which incorporate gene editing techniques that can lead to transgene spread (gene drive). Here we present the principles, associated opportunities and risks, as well as the degree of advancement of these various techniques for a subset of livestock pests and disease vectors including screwworms, tsetse, mosquitoes and stomoxes. We then present some case studies on recent improvements in the use of the SIT in tsetse and the release of insects carrying a dominant lethal gene, symbiont-based approaches and gene drive in mosquitoes. Finally, we call to speed up the development of genetic control, within a rigorous benefit-risk analysis framework including international public consultation.
How to control economically important vector-borne diseases? What are the best strategies to protect livestock from vector-borne diseases in a changing environment? How to evaluate and assess the acceptability, cost efficiency and cost benefit of the control and surveillance methods? The information in this book will help to answer these questions. It aims at presenting the latest information on vector-borne diseases affecting livestock worldwide, from state-of-the art interventions to the assessment of the impact of these control measures.
This book is a valuable tool for entomologists and all those involved in pest and vector control.
How to control economically important vector-borne diseases? What are the best strategies to protect livestock from vector-borne diseases in a changing environment? How to evaluate and assess the acceptability, cost efficiency and cost benefit of the control and surveillance methods? The information in this book will help to answer these questions. It aims at presenting the latest information on vector-borne diseases affecting livestock worldwide, from state-of-the art interventions to the assessment of the impact of these control measures.
This book is a valuable tool for entomologists and all those involved in pest and vector control.
How to control economically important vector-borne diseases? What are the best strategies to protect livestock from vector-borne diseases in a changing environment? How to evaluate and assess the acceptability, cost efficiency and cost benefit of the control and surveillance methods? The information in this book will help to answer these questions. It aims at presenting the latest information on vector-borne diseases affecting livestock worldwide, from state-of-the art interventions to the assessment of the impact of these control measures.
This book is a valuable tool for entomologists and all those involved in pest and vector control.
Worldwide the livestock industry, from small farmers to large industrialized farms, is affected by arthropods and arthropod-borne diseases at various scales, which cause huge losses and are a constraint to socio-economic development. Farmers make considerable efforts to prevent and control pest and disease incidence, often requiring the use of vaccines, if available, drugs and pesticides. Examples of current problems are presented, to set the stage for the detailed and state-of-the-art presentations of specific cases of livestock pests and their associated diseases and modern methods of prevention and control.
In many parts of Africa, tsetse eradication is impossible due to political, environmental or economic circumstances. In these situations, African animal trypanosomosis control relies on communities or farmer-based control, implemented at a local scale in accordance to the eco-epidemiological context and the cattle rearing system to be sustainable. Management of the African animal trypanosomosis requires integrated controls strategies that combine the use of more than one locally-based tool and where possible, needs to be assisted by veterinarians and other animal health professionals. Several tsetse control methods based on insecticide treated cattle (i.e. pour-on, manual spraying, community bath) and insecticide treated target (traps and screens impregnated with insecticides) are available and should be complemented with diagnostic tests and medication (active trypanocides with prophylactic and/or therapeutic action). However, their adoption is mainly dependent on the engagement of communities, farmers and herders. Indeed, the adoption of a locally-adapted control strategy will depend on farmers socio-technical networks, the cost-effectiveness of the control activities, as well as the time and cost for implementation. In general, insecticide treated cattle methods are the most suitable and acceptable for farmers, because they protect a private good i.e. cattle, whereas insecticide treated targets are generally considered to provide a public good. Nonetheless, selection of the most appropriate tools requires consideration of local disease epidemiology (including host-parasite coevolution), local environmental and socio-economic constraints. The active involvement of communities, farmers and herders is essential from the beginning of the conception of innovative control strategies, and the cost of local integrated pest management should be reduced as much as possible, to be adopted as an acceptable and sustainable animal production cost.
How to control economically important vector-borne diseases? What are the best strategies to protect livestock from vector-borne diseases in a changing environment? How to evaluate and assess the acceptability, cost efficiency and cost benefit of the control and surveillance methods? The information in this book will help to answer these questions. It aims at presenting the latest information on vector-borne diseases affecting livestock worldwide, from state-of-the art interventions to the assessment of the impact of these control measures.
This book is a valuable tool for entomologists and all those involved in pest and vector control.
How to control economically important vector-borne diseases? What are the best strategies to protect livestock from vector-borne diseases in a changing environment? How to evaluate and assess the acceptability, cost efficiency and cost benefit of the control and surveillance methods? The information in this book will help to answer these questions. It aims at presenting the latest information on vector-borne diseases affecting livestock worldwide, from state-of-the art interventions to the assessment of the impact of these control measures.
This book is a valuable tool for entomologists and all those involved in pest and vector control.
How to control economically important vector-borne diseases? What are the best strategies to protect livestock from vector-borne diseases in a changing environment? How to evaluate and assess the acceptability, cost efficiency and cost benefit of the control and surveillance methods? The information in this book will help to answer these questions. It aims at presenting the latest information on vector-borne diseases affecting livestock worldwide, from state-of-the art interventions to the assessment of the impact of these control measures.
This book is a valuable tool for entomologists and all those involved in pest and vector control.
How to control economically important vector-borne diseases? What are the best strategies to protect livestock from vector-borne diseases in a changing environment? How to evaluate and assess the acceptability, cost efficiency and cost benefit of the control and surveillance methods? The information in this book will help to answer these questions. It aims at presenting the latest information on vector-borne diseases affecting livestock worldwide, from state-of-the art interventions to the assessment of the impact of these control measures.
This book is a valuable tool for entomologists and all those involved in pest and vector control.
