COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents and young adults with chronic kidney conditions: a single-center experience

 

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Abstract

Background Following the pandemic of COVID-19, the main focus has been on COVID-19 vaccines and herd immunity. Although the safety of the COVID-19 vaccines has been shown in clinical trials, children with chronic diseases were not included. We investigated the side effect profile and safety of the COVID-19 vaccines in adolescents with kidney disease.

Methods A questionnaire including demographic information, history of COVID-19, vaccination status, and vaccine-related side effects was administered to the patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 2–5, glomerular disease treated with immunosuppression, and kidney transplant recipients.

Results Ninety-eight patients were vaccinated with CoronaVac-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (n=16) or BNT162b2 messenger RNA (mRNA) COVİD-19 (n=82) vaccine. The mean age was 16.90±2.36 years. The most common side effects were local pain, fatigue, and fever. No serious side effects or renal disease flare were observed. There was no significant difference in the side effects reported after the BNT162b2 mRNA-RNA as compared to the Corona Vac-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. No significant relationship was found between the frequency of side effects according to age, glomerular filtration rate, immunosuppressive treatments, CKD stage, and the underlying disease.

Conclusion Although the reported data are subjective because they were obtained through a questionnaire and studies with long-term follow-up are needed, our early experience suggests that the vaccine is safe and adolescents and young adults should be encouraged to be vaccinated.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Nach der COVID-19-Pandemie standen COVID-19-Impfstoffe und Gemeinschaftsschutz (Herdenimmunität) im Mittelpunkt. Zwar war ein Nachweis der Sicherheit der COVID-19-Impfstoffe in klinische Prüfungen erfolgt, doch wurden Kinder mit chronischen Erkrankungen in diese Studien nicht eingeschlossen. Wir untersuchten deshalb das Nebenwirkungsprofil und die Sicherheit der COVID-19-Impfstoffe bei Jugendlichen mit Nierenerkrankungen.

Methoden Patientinnen und Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz im Stadium 2–5, mit Immunsuppressiva behandelter Glomerulonephritis und mit Zustand nach Nierentransplantation wurde ein Fragebogen ausgehändigt, mit dem neben demografischen Daten anamnestische Informationen zu COVID-19, Impfstatus und impfbedingten Nebenwirkungen erhoben wurden.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt waren 98 Patientinnen und Patienten gegen SARS-CoV-2 geimpft: 16 mit CoronaVac (inaktivierter SARS-CoV-2-Impfstoff) und 82 mit dem mRNA-basierten SARS-CoV-2-Impfstoff BNT162b2. Das mittlere Alter betrug 16,90 ± 2,36 Jahre. Die häufigsten Nebenwirkungen waren lokale Schmerzen, Müdigkeit und Fieber. Es wurden keine schwerwiegenden Nebenwirkungen und keine Exazerbation der Nierenerkrankung beobachtet. Es gab keinen signifikanten Unterschied in den berichteten Nebenwirkungen zwischen den mit dem mRNA-Impfstoff BNT162b2 und den mit dem Totimpfstoff CoronaVac geimpften Patientinnen und Patienten. Auch fand sich kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen der Häufigkeit von Nebenwirkungen und Alter, glomerulärer Filtrationsrate, immunsuppressiver Therapie, Stadium der Niereninsuffizienz und Grunderkrankung.

Schlussfolgerung Obwohl es sich bei den Daten um subjektive, im Rahmen eines Fragebogens erhobene Patientenangaben handelt und Langzeit-Follow-up-Studien erforderlich sind, deuten unsere ersten Erfahrungen darauf hin, dass der Impfstoff sicher ist und Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene zur Impfung ermutigt werden sollten.

Publication History

Article published online:
31 May 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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