1. The document analyzes India's health workforce, including numbers and distributions of doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals. It finds imbalances between urban and rural areas.
2. There are over 680,000 allopathic doctors and 72,000 dentists registered in India, but their distribution is uneven with more located in urban versus rural areas. The private sector employs the majority of specialists and technology-based services.
3. In addition, there are over 700,000 practitioners of Ayurveda, Unani, and other traditional medicine, as well as millions of nurses, pharmacists, and other paramedics. However, adequate data is lacking about some types of health professionals.
The document provides information on the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) conducted in India in 2005-2006. Some key points:
- NFHS-3 was conducted to provide estimates on family welfare, maternal and child health, and nutrition indicators. It also covered new topics like HIV prevalence.
- Over 124,000 women and 74,000 men were interviewed across India. In Haryana, over 2,700 women and 1,000 men were interviewed.
- The survey found that literacy rates, access to healthcare, and use of family planning methods had increased since the previous surveys, though gaps remained between urban and rural areas.
- Maternal and child health indicators like anten
The document discusses Nepal's free healthcare policy introduced in 2006. It aims to provide equal access to healthcare for all citizens, especially the poor, as a fundamental right. The policy provides free services like consultations, treatments, surgeries and essential drugs at health centers and hospitals. However, there are challenges in implementing the policy like ensuring quality of care, identifying the poor, training health workers and monitoring the system. Proper budgeting, resources and evaluations are needed to improve healthcare access for all Nepalis as intended by the policy.
Geriatric health in public health prospective naveen shyam
The document summarizes information about geriatric health and policies related to senior citizens in India. It discusses:
1) The definition and scope of geriatrics according to WHO. It also discusses the size of the geriatric population globally and in India.
2) Key policies and programs introduced by the Indian government to address the health and welfare of senior citizens, such as the National Policy on Older Persons, Maintenance and Welfare of Parents Act, National Program for Healthcare of the Elderly, and pension schemes.
3) It also outlines the role of NGOs like HelpAge India in providing services and care for senior citizens.
Ayushman bharat comprehensive primary health care through healthRajeswari Muppidi
- The document discusses the establishment of Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs) in India as part of the Ayushman Bharat program to provide comprehensive primary healthcare through improved public health centers.
- The HWCs aim to expand services, increase access through population enumeration and empanelment, and improve health outcomes through a continuum of care across various levels of the healthcare system. They will work to reduce costs, mitigate disease risks, and ease overcrowding at higher-level facilities.
- Key goals for HWCs include delivering comprehensive preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative care through adequately staffed and equipped centers integrated with mobile units, health promotion, community
The document discusses the roles of WHO and UNICEF in India's health care delivery system. It notes that WHO provides technical support to develop health policies and programs in India, advocates for universal health coverage, and promotes evidence-based public health interventions. UNICEF has helped implement programs around child nutrition, sanitation, education, and disaster response. Both organizations work with the government of India and support primary health centers, community health centers, and other facilities. Their goal is to help India progress toward equitable and sustainable health care access for all.
This document describes the role of an Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in India. It outlines that an ASHA is a female community health volunteer from the village who is between 25-45 years old with at least an 8th grade education. Her responsibilities include raising awareness in the community on health topics like nutrition, sanitation, and utilizing health services. She also counsels women on maternal and child health like birth preparedness, breastfeeding, immunizations, and contraception. Additionally, she helps mobilize the community to access government health services and works with village committees on health plans. An ASHA also escorts pregnant women and children for treatment, provides basic medical care, and acts as a depot holder for
Health system in india at district levelKailash Nagar
The document discusses the organizational structure of healthcare delivery at the district level in India. The key points are:
1. The district health system is headed by the Chief Medical and Health Officer who oversees all health and family welfare programs. They are assisted by other program officers.
2. The district is divided into subdivisions, tehsils, community development blocks, municipalities, and villages. Healthcare services are provided at each level through various public health facilities.
3. In addition to the CMHO, other important officers include the District Tuberculosis Officer, District Malaria Officer, and District Leprosy Officer who are responsible for implementing specific disease control programs.
The document outlines India's national health policy. It notes that while India has made progress on health outcomes, gaps remain between states and communities. It analyzes India's disease burden, health system challenges, and the growth of private healthcare. The policy aims to improve health systems, promote universal access to quality care without financial hardship, and leverage partnerships across sectors to achieve health equity and inclusion. It establishes principles of equity, universality, patient-centered care, inclusive partnerships, pluralism, and subsidiarity to guide the health system transition.
The document discusses key aspects of India's national health care system including health outcomes, determinants of health, and challenges in achieving universal access to health care. It notes that while the national system aims to provide comprehensive free services, many states struggle due to insufficient funding, management issues, and shortages. As a result, there are significant inequalities across states and between socioeconomic groups in health indicators and access to services. Out-of-pocket expenditures also remain high due to issues like stockouts of free medicines in public facilities. The document calls for strengthening public provision of health services, increasing health spending, and ensuring equitable access to improve health status and reduce inequalities across India.
Health Status Of Uttar Pradesh and field visitAnita Gupta
The document provides information on the organization and management of health services in Uttar Pradesh at the state, district, and sub-district levels. It summarizes that at the state level, the Principal Secretary oversees health policy and budgets, while various Directors provide technical assistance. At the district level, the CMO manages programs, and the SMO oversees individual health centers. The document also outlines the responsibilities and norms of community health centers, primary health centers, and sub-centers in the state.
Social security schemes in india mrigeshKumar Mrigesh
The document provides an overview of social security schemes in India, including social insurance schemes like Employee's State Insurance (ESI), Employee's Provident Fund (EPF), Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS), and Workmen's Compensation Act as well as social assistance schemes. Key details are provided on eligibility, benefits, and funding for major schemes like ESI, EPF, and Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana. The document also briefly outlines some schemes targeted towards specific populations such as ex-servicemen and artisans.
Health scenario of india currentand future Vamsi kumar
India faces several challenges in its current health scenario including a low doctor-to-population ratio of 1:2148, high overall mortality rate of 64 per 1,000 live births, and neglect of rural populations. Key issues include inadequate funding for health, social inequalities, shortage of medical personnel, and expensive health services. The National Health Policy 2021 aims to increase government health expenditures to 2.5% of GDP and increase state spending to over 80% of budgets. If current trends continue, India may see more patients and technology in healthcare delivery alongside less pay for providers and the development of new delivery models.
The health services policy in Upazila Health Complex:Uday Kumar Shil
This document summarizes the health services policy and health care system in Bangladesh, with a focus on Chandpur Sadar Hospital. It discusses Bangladesh's national health policy goals of making basic medical services accessible to all citizens. The document reviews literature on people's participation in health services and outlines Bangladesh's health indicators, infrastructure, and the multi-tiered health care system from primary to tertiary levels. It also examines the national health policy goals, principles, and strategies for improving health care delivery and access across the country.
The World Health Organization was founded on the principle of universal health coverage and achieving the highest level of health for all people. World Health Day on April 7th aims to inspire and guide countries toward achieving universal health coverage through a series of events in 2018. Currently half the world's population lacks access to needed health services, and countries need to extend coverage to one billion more people by 2023 to meet global targets. World Health Day will highlight the need for universal coverage and benefits it provides.
Community based health insurance in IndiaNeetu Sharma
Community based health insurance (CBHI) schemes in India suffer from poor design and management, low membership, and sustainability issues. They typically target poorer populations, with flat-rate premiums and benefits including preventive care, ambulatory care, and inpatient care. Several CBHI schemes operating across India were described, varying in premium structure, benefits covered, management approach, and financing sources. The largest schemes cover over 100,000 members.
Poverty is defined as a state of lacking sufficient income and resources to afford basic necessities. It impedes human progress and development by limiting access to things like adequate housing, healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition. This can increase morbidity and mortality rates. Poverty is caused by factors like illiteracy, lack of knowledge, poor living conditions, and social issues. It is associated with increased risk of diseases and health issues. Measuring socioeconomic status is important for understanding poverty levels. Poverty reduction efforts aim to increase access to resources and opportunities through programs, policies, and sustainable development goals. However, overcoming poverty faces ongoing challenges.
Health workforce Statistics: Current Needs and Requirements
Introduction
Trained healthcare workforce is an important determinant of efficiency and outcomes of any health system as devised by WHO health systems approach. India one of the most populous country of the world has always felt a dire need of healthcare workforce even having one of the largest medical education and capacity building system. On the other hand we have a variety of health cadre namely from an ASHA to super specialized doctors. In our presentation we have critically analyzed the distribution of health workforce in India and its impacts on health and healthcare delivery for the mass of our society.
The Health Workforce in Nutshell
India faces an acute shortage of trained health workforce. India has a large basket of interventions to improve the healthcare but they are adversely effected by shortage of trained, motivated and supported health workforce. The shortages and misdistribution of health workforce have a large contribution to inequities in health outcomes. India’s health workforce is a combination of both registered, formal health-care providers and informal medical practitioners. We have a very unique health system with a large public health system and a blanket of juxtaposed private health care system. Similar situation is also present in training and education of health workforce. There is also a lack of data on the exact number of health care providers.
Issues
Quite a percentage of Indian population is spread in the rural areas but on the other hand the concentration of health care is in the urban system. The health care providers are highly concentrated in the urban area. Health worker densities are very low in rural settings when compared with urban areas. The next issue is lack of support to the health care providers practicing in the rural area and attraction of high income, support and provisions in the urban settings for the highly specialized workforce which includes doctors, dentist etc. At the national level, the aggregate density of doctors, nurses and midwives was 2.08 per 1000 population, which was lower than WHO’s critical shortage threshold of 2.28 .
Conclusion
In a concluding remark the production of health workforce has increased too many folds which has cost increased privatization of health education. On the other hand the public medical education system has not expanded at the required level. There is need to tap the potential in the private players with keep in mind stringent control of quality and cost. The increase in production is not going to resolve the issues of health worker availability and distribution. The need of the hour is to find sustainable measures to target the acute shortfall in the trained health workforce in India.
The National Health Policy of 2017 aims to improve health outcomes through coordinated policy action across sectors. It sets goals such as increasing life expectancy and reducing mortality rates. The policy emphasizes preventive healthcare, affordable universal access, and strengthening primary care. It proposes increasing health expenditure and improving infrastructure. The policy outlines strategies for improving national health programs addressing issues like RMNCH+A, immunization, communicable and non-communicable diseases. It focuses on reforms for healthcare financing, governance, and increasing investments in human resources and digital tools.
The document discusses the health workforce crisis in sub-Saharan Africa. It notes that the region has 24% of the global disease burden but only 3% of health workers. 57 countries have severe shortages of doctors, nurses and midwives. The causes of the crisis include underfunding, HIV/AIDS, and brain drain. Solutions proposed include increasing training, management improvements, incentives, task-shifting, and global initiatives like PEPFAR to help address financing and workforce needs. Individual actions are suggested to support related legislation and policies.
This document discusses building the global health workforce to scale up nutrition efforts. It notes challenges like the multiple burdens of disease in Africa from poverty, food insecurity, and preventable illnesses and their links to chronic diseases. Global health statistics are presented showing trends in causes of death and disease burden. The roles of nutrition deficiencies, infectious diseases, and non-communicable diseases in mortality are depicted. Opportunities and challenges for scaling up nutrition through partnerships under the Sustainable Development Goals are explored. Training needs for the health workforce to address nutritional issues are also addressed.
List of approved drug for marketing in indiaAshish Garg
This document lists 27 drugs that were approved for marketing in India between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2012. It provides the name of each drug, its indication or intended use, and the date it was approved. The drugs cover a wide range of therapeutic areas and are intended to treat conditions like infections, pain, cancer, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and others.
This document discusses the role of predictive biomarkers in individualized medicine for prostate cancer. It notes that while several drugs have been approved for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer based on overall survival benefits, many phase III trials over the last six years have been negative. The document outlines various pathways and agents being tested for prostate cancer and challenges in drug development in the era of targeted therapies. It discusses the need to better define diseases at the molecular level and identify validated predictive biomarkers to improve drug development efforts.
Jack Reifert has over 15 years of experience in biomedical research. He received his Ph.D. in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology from UC Santa Barbara and has worked in both academic and industry research settings. Currently he is a scientist at Serimmune Inc. where he utilizes techniques like peptide display screening and deep sequencing to identify biomarkers and therapeutic candidates for autoimmune diseases.
How Many Doctors in India Online?
What Indian Doctors Do Online?
Where Do They Need Help?
What are the Communication opportunities for Pharma?
How will e-Doctors evolve down the stream and how can Pharma stay Relevant?
Answers to all these questions and a case study of CiplaMed (a physician only community website started by Cipla Pharmaceuticals in 2008)
Evolution of CBHI towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) – Achievement and C...HFG Project
Presented at “Financial Protection and Improved Access to Health Care: Peer-to-Peer Learning Workshop Finding Solutions to Common Challenges” in Accra, Ghana, February 2016. To learn more, visit: https://www.hfgproject.org/ghana-uhc-workshop
AYUSH-Report of Steering Committee on AYUSH for 12th Five Year PlanDr. Sreedhar Rao
The document is a report from the Steering Committee on AYUSH for the 12th Five Year Plan (2012-2017).
The report provides an introduction and overview of the committee's work. It notes that the committee was formed to help formulate recommendations for the development of AYUSH systems in India's 12th Five Year Plan. The report reviews the progress of AYUSH schemes in the 11th Plan and provides strategic recommendations for the 12th Plan with a focus on education reforms, health services, quality standards, and research. The committee advocates aligning AYUSH programs and policies with India's national health goals and utilizing existing AYUSH infrastructure and resources.
This study compared eribulin mesylate to capecitabine in patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer previously treated with anthracycline and taxane chemotherapy. The open-label, randomized, phase III study found no statistically significant differences between eribulin and capecitabine in overall survival or progression-free survival. Both drugs demonstrated similar safety profiles and effects on quality of life as expected based on their known adverse effect profiles. The study concluded that eribulin was not shown to be superior to capecitabine for overall survival or progression-free survival in this patient population.
Performance of Community Health Workers: Optimizing the benefits of their uni...REACHOUTCONSORTIUMSLIDES
This document discusses factors that influence the performance of community health workers (CHWs), including both "hardware" factors like training, supervision, and supplies, as well as "software" factors like relationships, trust, and power. It presents a framework showing how the broader community and health sector contexts can influence mechanisms like trusting relationships between CHWs and communities or health workers, leading to outcomes like high or weak performance. The intermediate position of CHWs between communities and the health sector is also discussed.
A presentation by Robinson Karuga on quality improvement in community health worker programmes in Kenya. This was given at the 2016 Global Symposium on Health Systems Research.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) may impact the public health workforce in several ways. It could increase demand for certain public health services and workers due to a focus on prevention. However, it may decrease demand for clinical public health services as more people gain private insurance. The overall impact is uncertain and may vary between states. Accurately enumerating and tracking the size and composition of the public health workforce over time will be important to understand these impacts and ensure an adequate workforce. Academic public health programs will also likely be impacted through changes in needed competencies, training areas, and program enrollments.
Nick chen ppt presentation metronomic chemotherapy 2015CNPS, LLC
Metronomic chemotherapy provides several advantages over conventional chemotherapy:
- It is associated with lower toxicity due to more frequent lower doses, allowing better treatment consistency.
- It has enhanced anti-cancer effects through anti-angiogenesis and improved immune response against tumors.
- Targeting both the tumor and tumor microenvironment makes it less likely to encounter chemo-resistance.
The document discusses the history and development of health care infrastructure and human resources in India, with a focus on Rajasthan. It summarizes key milestones and policies related to public health in India since 1946. It provides data on the growth in primary health centers, community health centers, and other facilities in Rajasthan over time. It also presents statistics on health human resources in Rajasthan compared to India, noting shortages of doctors, dentists, and other personnel. The document concludes with information on medical and nursing education facilities in Rajasthan.
Mdp on Recruitment and Workforce Monitoring.Sheetal Dubey
The document discusses several topics related to recruitment, workforce monitoring, salesforce structure, and team performance. It provides details on:
1) The role of job descriptions in setting objectives and how they should be used as a starting point rather than a substitute for annual goals.
2) The differences between direct and indirect sales approaches and their advantages.
3) Key aspects to monitor in a salesforce structure, including costs, territories, workforce skills, and maintaining ethics.
4) Steps to create a high performing team, such as establishing a vision, building trust, allocating work, and developing skills.
INDIA : TOWARDS UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGEDevesh Shukla
Challenges of Universal Health provision
Urban – Rural Divide Statistics
Current state of Healthcare in India
Change in consumer mindset
Milestones in Independent India
Way Forward in Health care
Alan Hatton-Yeo Ageing Well masterclass presentationNMJones
Alan Hatton-Yeo is the Chief Executive of the Beth Johnson Foundation. This is his presentation to the Ageing Well Masterclass about the value of intergenerational working.
Compensation Strategies for a Multigenerational WorkforcePayScale, Inc.
Join Mykkah Herner and Ian Englund of PayScale’s professional services group as they explore the impact of a multigenerational workforce on compensation. They’ll discuss strategies for an appropriate compensation mix given various impacts.
healthcareworkforceindia sabu this is a useful document for healthcaredeepak162
The document discusses the healthcare workforce challenges in India. It notes that India faces a shortage of 7.4 million skilled healthcare workers to provide adequate coverage. Some key workforce shortages include a need for over 2 million doctors by 2030, a shortage of 2.5 million nurses, and a supply/demand gap of 6.5 million allied health workers. The success of India's goal of universal health coverage by 2022 and programs like the National Health Protection Mission will depend on having an adequately trained healthcare workforce. However, India currently lacks reliable national data on the availability and qualifications of healthcare professionals across different fields.
This document discusses human resources for healthcare in India. It notes that India faces shortages of healthcare providers across all categories, with a doctor-to-population ratio of 0.6 per 1,000 compared to the WHO benchmark of 1. Not only is there a shortage, but providers are unevenly distributed between rural and urban areas and across states. Poor working conditions, lack of incentives, and inadequate infrastructure contribute to absenteeism and out-migration of providers. Expanding medical education intake will still not meet demand. Improving rural postings and living conditions for providers is needed to address shortages and distributional issues.
A new group of healthcare professionals who are not doctors are called community health officers CHOs . As a part of Comprehensive Primary Health Care, CHOs will be vital in providing an increased range of essential services. They are expected to direct the primary care staff at the Sub Centre, Health and Wellness Center, offer ambulatory care and clinical management to the neighborhood, and act as a crucial coordination link to guarantee the continuum of car. Mr. Saneesh CM | Dr. S. Victor Devasirvadam "Community Health Officer (CHO): An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd53840.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/53840/community-health-officer-cho-an-overview/mr-saneesh-cm
Human Resource for Health (HRH) refers to all people engaged in actions that enhance health, including clinical staff, public health professionals, researchers, community health workers, and health management personnel. HRH is critical for achieving universal health coverage and sustainable development goals. Key HRH indicators tracked by WHO include the number of health workers per 10,000 population and their distribution by occupation, region, workplace, and gender. Nepal faces significant shortages and maldistribution of HRH compared to WHO recommendations, with only 16 health workers per 10,000 people and most located in the hills, despite half the population living in the Terai. Strengthening HRH production and deployment is vital to improving health system access and quality in Nepal.
For the last 10 years or more, the industry has been crying out loud for a major reform of the way medical education and supply side constraints of talent in India has been governed. The major constraints in
the implementation of government’s health programmes and schemes have been in the realm of physical infrastructure, manpower and other support facilities for an effective healthcare delivery system.
This document is a dissertation submitted by Suresh R Makwana to K.S.K.V.Kachchh University for the degree of Master of Public Administration. The dissertation examines the role of primary health centers in public health administration. It includes an acknowledgement, list of abbreviations used, statement by the student and guide, table of contents and introduction. The introduction provides background on India's public health system and goals, describes primary health centers and the government health department structure, and discusses the health scenario in Gujarat and Kachchh districts.
The document summarizes key aspects of India's 2012-2013 health budget. It allocates increased funding to programs like the National Rural Health Mission and introduces new initiatives like the National Urban Health Mission. Specific funding increases are provided for rural sanitation and vaccination programs. The budget also aims to strengthen existing healthcare infrastructure through programs like the Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana.
The document summarizes key aspects of India's 2012-2013 health budget. It allocates more funding to programs like the National Rural Health Mission and ASHA workers. The budget also launches the National Urban Health Mission to address health challenges in cities. It increases funding for rural sanitation and vaccination programs while allowing tax deductions for preventative health spending. Overall, the health sector budget saw a 14% increase but some argue the allocation remains inadequate.
This document provides an overview of public health and the structure of Pakistan's healthcare system. It begins with definitions of key terms like health, public health, and healthcare systems. It then describes the main functions and objectives of public health, including health promotion, disease prevention, and treatment. The document outlines Pakistan's three-tiered public and private healthcare system consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary levels of care. It also discusses issues like inadequate funding, reliance on out-of-pocket payments, and an understaffed and underequipped public system. In conclusion, it presents statistics on Pakistan's health infrastructure and workforce.
This document provides guidelines for Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) for district hospitals with 101 to 500 beds. It outlines the objectives, services, physical infrastructure requirements, manpower, equipment, and other essential components that a district hospital should provide and strive towards. Key points include:
- District hospitals should provide comprehensive secondary healthcare, be prepared for emergencies, and offer skill-based training.
- Services are categorized as essential (minimum) or desirable, and include specialty care, newborn care, and services for safety, infection control, and communicable diseases.
- Infrastructure, manpower, and equipment are projected based on expected patient load. Quality assurance, waste management, and safety protocols are incorporated
The document provides guidelines for Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) for district hospitals with 101 to 500 beds. Key points include:
- District hospitals should provide comprehensive secondary healthcare services and aim to develop super-specialty services over time.
- Services are categorized as essential (minimum assured) or desirable and include OPD, indoor, emergency and specialty services like newborn care, psychiatry, trauma care, and ART.
- Infrastructure, equipment, manpower, and quality guidelines are provided based on a hospital's estimated case load.
- Requirements include building layout, signage, waste and infection control, surgical and newborn care units, MIS formats, and statutory compliances.
Regional Disparities in the Health Infrastructure and Facilities of Bareilly ...ijtsrd
Health is one of the critical human capital components which has significant contribution in the development of nation. The World Health Organisation WHO has defined health as ”œA state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or illness or infirmity”. The health condition has been measured with special reference to health facilities and health infrastructure which contribute significantly for the progress and benefit of society. Health has a vital link between interacting phenomenon with far reaching implications. One such implication is the realization that the availability of health services is the only one of many contributions to health development UN, 1984 . Only healthy and educated people can contribute to productivity in economic growth. The present study is an attempt to measure blockwise disparities in health infrastructure and facilities in Bareilly district. For this study, data is mainly collected from secondary sources like District Census Handbook and Sankhyakiya Patrika. Z score and composite standard score techniques have been used to analyse the data. The result analysis shows that Nawabganj, Kyara and Bhuta are developed blocks of Bareilly district regarding health infrastructure and facilities. On the other hand, Ramnagar, Fatehganj West, Bhojipura, Richha and Bhadpura are least developed blocks in terms of health facilities and Infrastructure Bareilly district of Uttar Pradesh. There is a need for government interventions and public awareness for the development of backward blocks of Bareilly district. Sania Jawaid | Jiyaul Hoque | Md Aaquib | Dr. Mahjabeen "Regional Disparities in the Health Infrastructure and Facilities of Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh: An Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55055.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/humanities-and-the-arts/geography/55055/regional-disparities-in-the-health-infrastructure-and-facilities-of-bareilly-district-uttar-pradesh-an-analysis/sania-jawaid
Human Resource crisis in rural health care in Indiadeepakdass69
The document summarizes the evolution of rural healthcare in India from the Bhore Committee in 1943 to the present. It outlines the structural hierarchy from sub-centers to primary health centers to community health centers. It identifies key challenges including a severe shortage of rural health workers, issues with their development, deployment, and management, and problems with education and training. A case study using the Warr Job Satisfaction scale found low levels of satisfaction among rural health workers.
The document provides an overview of India's health care delivery system. It begins by defining key terms and tracing the evolution of health services in India. It then describes the role of various committees in shaping the system. The current system is described as having three levels - community, primary, and secondary care. At the community level, village health workers like ASHA provide basic services. Primary Health Centers (PHCs) and Sub-Centers form the primary level of care. PHCs are staffed by medical officers and serve as the first point of contact. Community Health Centers provide secondary level referral services. The organization and functions of health services are also outlined at the central, state, district, block and village levels.
Status of human resources for health in India -Thamma Rao IPHIndia
The document discusses human resources for health (HRH) in India. It notes that HRH is critical for ensuring health care accessibility, equity and quality. It provides a brief history of health sector planning and HRH development in India since 1946. It discusses the diversity of HRH in India, including various types of providers, managers and support staff. It highlights challenges in maintaining adequate numbers, distribution and quality of HRH to meet changing health needs. It also summarizes NRHM's achievements and goals in addressing HRH issues like shortages, inequitable distribution and skills upgradation in order to improve health outcomes in India.
The document discusses innovations that could help universalize primary health care (PHCs) in India. It identifies several issues with India's current primary health care system, including illiteracy, pollution, low health budgets, and high costs. It then proposes several innovations: 1) Promoting generic medicines to make drugs more affordable; 2) More effective monitoring of health programs; 3) Increased government spending on health infrastructure; 4) A stricter medical council to regulate doctors; 5) Engaging NGOs to provide education and remote health services; and 6) Increased community participation in health care design and delivery. Implementation would require funding generic drug companies, increasing coordination between state governments and local health services, and accountability measures for doctors
This document provides an overview of the health care delivery system in India. It describes the organizational structure at the central, state, district, block, primary health center, and village levels. The key shortcomings are discussed as inverse care, impoverishing care, fragmented care, unsafe care, and misdirected care. Reforms proposed by the WHO are also outlined, including universal coverage, service delivery, public policy, and leadership reforms. The objectives and importance of establishing Indian Public Health Standards are also presented. In conclusion, it acknowledges advances but notes the system remains ineffective and discusses needed reforms and decentralization to improve healthcare quality and delivery.
The document discusses nursing reforms in India to address the growing demand-supply gap in the nursing sector. It notes that nurses form the largest segment of the healthcare workforce but that India currently faces a significant shortage of trained nurses. The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry has constituted a task force to examine challenges in nursing education, regulation, and career opportunities. The task force aims to develop recommendations to strengthen the nursing sector and empower nurses to better deliver healthcare.
FICCI_heal Report_Nursing Reforms 27-08-2016_Low res
Health Workforce In India
1. HEALTH WORKFORCE IN INDIA SUBMITED BY- Dr.rajat patel SUBMITED TO- DR. A. K. JAIN MBBS,MBA(HA) L.L.B., PHD
2. OBJECTIVES: To show the big picture of human resource in health of India; To understand the different health workforce existing in India ; To assess the extent of imbalances in the distribution of the density of health workforce within India and with different countries; To assess the contribution of health workforce in influencing the health status of the population;
3. WHO ARE HEALTH WORKERS? “ The stock of all individuals engaged in the promotion, protection or improvement of population health” are Health workers. This includes both private and public sectors and different domains of health systems, such as personal curative and preventive care, non-personal public health interventions, disease prevention, management and support services, health promotion services, research.. “ Human resources actually engaged in the health system can be referred to as the health system workforce or health workforce”
4.
5. THE BIG PICTURE OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN HEALTH In the post independent period, India witnessed rapid strides in professionalization of medicine, popularly known as Allopathy Dentistry Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathic medicine (AYUSH) Nurses and Paramedical Staffs Non formal workers
6. 1. ALLOPATHIC DOCTORS There were allopathic medical practitioners practicing in the different states in India and registered with the different State Councils. 662646 Source: Medical Council of India,2006. Alongside, as on 31 st Dec 2006, Dental surgeons were registered with different State Dental Councils. 72496 Source: Medical Council of India,2006.
7. Registered Allopathic doctors 48649@ 16800 35976 654 28525 2550* 40230 1406* 256 9222 71909 34577 30430 100428 15573 36100 24777 75415 49527 54513 682646 * Incomplete Information Received; @ previous year information repeated Source: Medical Council of India STATE-WISE DISTRIBUTION OF REGISTERED ALLOPATHIC DOCTORS AND DENTISTS-1
10. Number of allopathic doctors possessing recognized medical qualifications (under IMC act) and registered with state medical councils for the years 2006 and 2007 were 682646 and 696747, respectively. Source: Medical Council of India
11. Number of Dental Surgeon Registered with Dental Council of India in 2006 were 72497. Source: Medical Council of India
12. There are increases in availability of Allopathic Medical Practicioners, Dental Surgeon and Nurses per Lakh Population over the years. Source: Medical Council of India
15. 2. PRESENCE OF ALLOPATHIC MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR Recently 23,858 doctors were found to be in position in the government’s network of rural PHC & CHC across the country. (Source:WHO Survey 2006)
17. 3. DOCTORS IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR The qualified private providers in urban areas- 80% 75% of specialists and 85% of technology services were in the private sector (GOI, NCMH, 2005). Service delivery for dental health, mental health, orthopaedics, vascular and cancer diseases 75% 40% of services for communicable diseases and deliveries were being provided by the private sector. In a study of Ujjain district in M.P. 88% qualified doctors were in urban areas and 72% were practicing in Ujjain city itself (Deshpande et al,2004).
18. POPULATION PER DOCTOR IN PRIVATE SECTOR There was a much higher density of qualified providers in urban areas (1:2300) than in rural areas (1:26,860). (Source:WHO Survey 2006)
19. 5. GROWTH OF MEDICAL COLLEGES Source: for 1981 statistics: GOI, CBHI, Health Statistics in India 1981. for 2006 Compiled from www.mciindia.org
21. 6. CRITICAL SUPPORT STAFF: NURSES AND PARA-MEDICAL PERSONNEL Nurses and midwives play a critical role in health promotion, prevention, therapeutics and rehabilitation. There are 0.9 million general nursing midwives, 0.5 million auxiliary nursing midwives in the different states (2007) It is estimated that only about 40% of the nearly 1.4 million registered nurses are currently active in the country because of low recruitment, migration, attrition and drop-outs due to poor working conditions Source: GOI, CBHI, Health Statistics in India .
23. 7. THE ‘DRUG DISPENSERS’ PHARMACISTS Pharmacist registered with council- 6.8 lakh Pharmacists in the rural PHCs- 3% Community pharmacists- 55% Hospital pharmacists- 20%
24. POSITION OF PHARMACISTS - STATE WISE AND IN RURAL AREAS Source: Column1: Pharmacy Council of India. Accessed from www. Indiastat. com Columns 2: GOI, Bulletin on Rural Health Statistics in India, 2006
25.
26. 8. OTHER HEALTH WORKERS other health workers includes – male health workers, health assistants, block extension educations, laboratory technicians, radiographers. Besides nurses and pharmacists, there are around 12,500 laboratory technicians, around 3000 block extension educators, 20,000 male health assistants and 61,000 male health workers, currently in position at different levels of the health system Source: GOI, Bulletin on Rural Health Statistics in India, 2006
28. Source: Bulletin on Rural Health Statistics in India 2006- Special Revised Edition, MOHFW
29. TRAINED BIRTH ATTENDANTS more than 5 lakh dais were trained between 1974-1985. more than 13,500 TBAs were trained under USAID’s PRIME II project (PRIME II, 2006). Thus more recent initiatives are focusing on training community midwives strengthening the ANMs and PHC doctors as skilled birth attendants and multi-skilling rural doctors in provision of emergency obstetric care.
34. The current position of specialists manpower at CHCs Overall about 49.9% of the sanctioned posts of specialists at CHCs were vacant. Moreover, there was a shortfall of 6110 specialists at the CHCs as compared to the requirement for existing infrastructure on the basis of existing norms.
35.
36. Sanctioned Posts, A Significant Percentage Of Posts Are Vacant At All The Levels
38. Qualified AYUSH practitioners registered with their respective Councils: 725338 Ayurvedic physicians; 453661 Unani physicians; 46558 Siddha practitioners, 3681 Homeopathic practitioners 217850 Naturopathy practitioners 888 The states of Bihar 165047 practitioners, Maharashtra 105516 practitioners and Uttar Pradesh 92319 practitioners had the highest numbers of AYUSH practitioners in the country. The AYUSH department has around 23,000 dispensaries and 1355 hospitals Source: Department of AYUSH, MOH&FW/GOI
39. NO. OF AYUSH PRACTITIONER ALL OVER THE COUNTRY Source: Department of AYUSH, MOH&FW/GOI
40. Total number of registered AYUSH Doctors in India 2007 was 725338
41. INFERENCE AYUSH practitioners are roughly equal in numbers to the allopathic medical practitioners in the country, and in fact even more in some states. Although, like their allopathic counterparts, alternative practitioners also tend to be concentrated in and around urban areas, they present a significant resource base for the future of health systems and improved health outcomes in India.
42. 10. THE NON FORMAL PROVIDERS Include practitioners who do not have a professional qualification in any recognized system of medicine, indigenous or allopathic, but who practice a blend of different systems of medicine. examples of folk and magico-religious healers are bonesetters, ear cleaners, ojhas and bhagats [faith healers and magicians] These providers are typically male, roughly between 30-40 years of age, with 10-12 years of school education and they perform ojha-tona.
43. INFERENCE Several issues emerge from review of the current situation of human resources for health in India. The largest proportion of medical and paramedical professionals practice in the for-profit private sector, which tends to be concentrated in urban areas. This sector is the primary provider of curative health services in the country for which there is a huge demand. The smaller public sector is the primary provider for preventive and promotive care and some curative care.
44. A greater number of well-trained human resources are required, now and in the future, to provide preventive, promotive and curative care especially in rural and urban underprivileged areas in the country. Furthermore, there exist a large number of AYUSH practitioners in the country, who are a valuable resources that need to be integrated into the health system in bolder and more efficient ways than before. INFERENCE
45. Other human resources like public health specialists, health/hospital administrators, social workers, public health engineers, physiotherapists and clinical psychologist amongst others are providing health services. However, there is insufficient and inadequate information available about them. INFERENCE
46. REFERENCES: GOI, Bulletin on Rural Health Statistics in India, 2006 Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India accessed from indiastat.com Dental Council of India Department of AYUSH, MOH&FW/GOI Pharmacy Council of India. Accessed from www. Indiastat. com Census of India 2001 GOI, MOHFW Annual Report 2005-06 WHO Report (NOT ENOUGH HERE, TOO MANY THERE)2006.