Relationship Issues Therapists in Louisville, KY

Photo of Jetona K Milby, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jetona K Milby
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40245
All humans are unique, as are all clients. While there is no way to describe the “ideal” client, I work best with those individuals who place a high value on authenticity, transparency, and honesty. Those three factors are well suited for clients who are goal-driven and aspire true and lasting change. Some areas of rewarding experience have included work with non-traditional family structures, women’s health and wellness, intergenerational trauma healing, adoption and its impact for all involved, and healthy relationship development- to name a few. I assist humans in realizing, trusting, and believing in their truest potential.
All humans are unique, as are all clients. While there is no way to describe the “ideal” client, I work best with those individuals who place a high value on authenticity, transparency, and honesty. Those three factors are well suited for clients who are goal-driven and aspire true and lasting change. Some areas of rewarding experience have included work with non-traditional family structures, women’s health and wellness, intergenerational trauma healing, adoption and its impact for all involved, and healthy relationship development- to name a few. I assist humans in realizing, trusting, and believing in their truest potential.
(270) 232-2175 View (270) 232-2175
Photo of Barry Winstead - Kilgore Samaritan Counseling Center, PhD, LCSW, LCADC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kilgore Samaritan Counseling Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40206
Kilgore provides a wide range of individual and group services such as marriage/relationship counseling, parenting, psychological testing, clergy/congregational care, grief, loss, depression, addiction/substance abuse, ADD/ADHD, autism, anxiety, and divorce recovery; but excel in child/adolescent therapy.
Kilgore Samaritan Counseling Center is a not-for-profit faith sensitive counseling center that has been healing the mind, body and spirit of individuals and families for 33 years. Our mission is to meet the emotional and mental health needs of those in our community, regardless of their ability to pay. Kilgore integrates and leverages behavioral sciences and takes a holistic approach of working by, with and through you to improve your quality of life. We serve the Louisville greater area and will serve and meet you where you are regardless of your background, experience, and situation.
Kilgore provides a wide range of individual and group services such as marriage/relationship counseling, parenting, psychological testing, clergy/congregational care, grief, loss, depression, addiction/substance abuse, ADD/ADHD, autism, anxiety, and divorce recovery; but excel in child/adolescent therapy.
Kilgore Samaritan Counseling Center is a not-for-profit faith sensitive counseling center that has been healing the mind, body and spirit of individuals and families for 33 years. Our mission is to meet the emotional and mental health needs of those in our community, regardless of their ability to pay. Kilgore integrates and leverages behavioral sciences and takes a holistic approach of working by, with and through you to improve your quality of life. We serve the Louisville greater area and will serve and meet you where you are regardless of your background, experience, and situation.
(502) 532-8172 x18 View (502) 532-8172 x18
Photo of Eli Karam, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Eli Karam
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40223
As an integrative therapist, my treatment approach is to provide direction, support and practical feedback to help individuals, couples and families address current life challenges. With compassion, understanding and clinical expertise, I help clients find resolution to a wide range of interpersonal issues. I draw from a variety of proven methodologies and techniques to incorporate what is most helpful for each individual. Together with each client, I work to cultivate strengths and achieve relationship goals.
As an integrative therapist, my treatment approach is to provide direction, support and practical feedback to help individuals, couples and families address current life challenges. With compassion, understanding and clinical expertise, I help clients find resolution to a wide range of interpersonal issues. I draw from a variety of proven methodologies and techniques to incorporate what is most helpful for each individual. Together with each client, I work to cultivate strengths and achieve relationship goals.
(502) 233-2841 View (502) 233-2841
Photo of Brooke Ervin, MSCC, LPCC-S, Counselor
Brooke Ervin
Counselor, MSCC, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40223
Welcome! I have extensive experience working with clients who have experienced significant physical, verbal and emotional trauma and abuse. I also have had the pleasure of supporting clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, interpersonal conflict, relationship/ family issues, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and PTSD, among other issues. I want to help clients to process their past, then work to set and achieve goals for the future they envision. I enjoy helping my clients find freedom in living the life they love.
Welcome! I have extensive experience working with clients who have experienced significant physical, verbal and emotional trauma and abuse. I also have had the pleasure of supporting clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, interpersonal conflict, relationship/ family issues, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and PTSD, among other issues. I want to help clients to process their past, then work to set and achieve goals for the future they envision. I enjoy helping my clients find freedom in living the life they love.
(502) 237-4394 View (502) 237-4394
Photo of Pamela B Stein - Dr. Pamela B. Stein, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Pamela B. Stein
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40207
Hello, my name is Dr. Pam Stein. I am a licensed clinical psychologist with 26 years of private practice experience. My hope for you in therapy is to achieve (or return to) your highest level of functioning and happiness. To this end, we will work hard together to alleviate, as needed: anxiety/fears, depression/sadness, self-doubt, stress, emotional/mood instability, and relationship patterns which are not working for you (e.g., difficulty with trust). I additionally have had great success helping people better manage their Diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2) to stay/become as healthy as possible.
Hello, my name is Dr. Pam Stein. I am a licensed clinical psychologist with 26 years of private practice experience. My hope for you in therapy is to achieve (or return to) your highest level of functioning and happiness. To this end, we will work hard together to alleviate, as needed: anxiety/fears, depression/sadness, self-doubt, stress, emotional/mood instability, and relationship patterns which are not working for you (e.g., difficulty with trust). I additionally have had great success helping people better manage their Diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2) to stay/become as healthy as possible.
(502) 595-7669 View (502) 595-7669
Photo of Jonathan Shippey - HealingBridge Therapy, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
HealingBridge Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40218
I not only want to help you heal your relationship; I want to help you build a relationship that becomes a healing experience for each of you together! I welcome the opportunity to facilitate a whole new way for you to relate to each other.
Is there growing distance or escalating conflict in your relationship? Are you or your partner beginning to lose trust in one another? Have you had a bad experience with couples therapy in the past? All of these are areas I am passionate about & skilled at helping clients work through. I am a Master Trainer in Gottman Method, informed by extensive training in Emotionally Focused Therapy. My specialization means that your therapy with me will involve the two of you interacting in profoundly new ways in an emotionally safe environment. With me serving as your guide on the side, you'll learn to relate to each other honestly & lovingly.
I not only want to help you heal your relationship; I want to help you build a relationship that becomes a healing experience for each of you together! I welcome the opportunity to facilitate a whole new way for you to relate to each other.
Is there growing distance or escalating conflict in your relationship? Are you or your partner beginning to lose trust in one another? Have you had a bad experience with couples therapy in the past? All of these are areas I am passionate about & skilled at helping clients work through. I am a Master Trainer in Gottman Method, informed by extensive training in Emotionally Focused Therapy. My specialization means that your therapy with me will involve the two of you interacting in profoundly new ways in an emotionally safe environment. With me serving as your guide on the side, you'll learn to relate to each other honestly & lovingly.
(502) 385-4045 View (502) 385-4045
Photo of C. Shawn Oak, PhD, MSSW, LMFT, ACS, LCSW, Marriage & Family Therapist
C. Shawn Oak
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MSSW, LMFT, ACS, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40243
Have you been struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship problems, intimacy issues, or problems that don't go away? Collaborating with a therapist who can provide insight, guidance, and tools to uncover and develop your strengths can be the transformative factor you need. You deserve to live a happier, more satisfying life but unless you take the first step to solve your problems, they will never go away. If you are an individual, couple, or pod desiring to open your relationship or there is a need to address challenges encountered in a consensual non-monogamous relationship, I have the experience to help you navigate both.
Have you been struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship problems, intimacy issues, or problems that don't go away? Collaborating with a therapist who can provide insight, guidance, and tools to uncover and develop your strengths can be the transformative factor you need. You deserve to live a happier, more satisfying life but unless you take the first step to solve your problems, they will never go away. If you are an individual, couple, or pod desiring to open your relationship or there is a need to address challenges encountered in a consensual non-monogamous relationship, I have the experience to help you navigate both.
(502) 443-1275 View (502) 443-1275
Photo of Heather Chafin, LPCC, Counselor
Heather Chafin
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40222
Additionally, through a person-centered approach, I utilize CBT and DBT skills, motivational interviewing, and TF-CBT skills to address trauma, PTSD, depression, anxiety and relationship issues.
I enjoy working with couples, teens and adults. Using a gentle, yet direct approach, I work collaboratively with you to empower you to make positive changes in your life. Whether you are struggling with relationships, communication, depression or anxiety, I can help you identify barriers and provide you with the tools needed to successfully progress towards living a more rewarding life. Through a collaborative therapeutic process, I provide support as you work to develop coping and communication skills that lead to establishing healthier relationships and improvement of symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Additionally, through a person-centered approach, I utilize CBT and DBT skills, motivational interviewing, and TF-CBT skills to address trauma, PTSD, depression, anxiety and relationship issues.
I enjoy working with couples, teens and adults. Using a gentle, yet direct approach, I work collaboratively with you to empower you to make positive changes in your life. Whether you are struggling with relationships, communication, depression or anxiety, I can help you identify barriers and provide you with the tools needed to successfully progress towards living a more rewarding life. Through a collaborative therapeutic process, I provide support as you work to develop coping and communication skills that lead to establishing healthier relationships and improvement of symptoms of anxiety and depression.
(502) 289-0927 View (502) 289-0927
Photo of Ellie Stigger, MFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Ellie Stigger
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MFTA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40207
I recognize that every relationship is unique, and I tailor my approach to suit the specific needs and goals of each couple.
If you're seeking a therapist, I offer a welcoming and inclusive space for clients of all backgrounds, including LGBTQIA+ population. I understand the unique challenges and dynamics that LGBTQIA+ individuals and relationship. My ideal clients are those who are facing various challenges in their interpersonal connections, such as communication breakdowns, unresolved conflicts, trust issues, and emotional disconnection. They may be experiencing feelings of loneliness, frustration, or dissatisfaction within their relationships and are seeking space to explore and address these issues. Their needs revolve around finding effect
I recognize that every relationship is unique, and I tailor my approach to suit the specific needs and goals of each couple.
If you're seeking a therapist, I offer a welcoming and inclusive space for clients of all backgrounds, including LGBTQIA+ population. I understand the unique challenges and dynamics that LGBTQIA+ individuals and relationship. My ideal clients are those who are facing various challenges in their interpersonal connections, such as communication breakdowns, unresolved conflicts, trust issues, and emotional disconnection. They may be experiencing feelings of loneliness, frustration, or dissatisfaction within their relationships and are seeking space to explore and address these issues. Their needs revolve around finding effect
(502) 837-7712 View (502) 837-7712
Photo of Mandy Huff, MAMFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mandy Huff
Marriage & Family Therapist, MAMFT, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40207
I am level 2 trained in Gottman Method and am an approved member of the Relationship Checkup which I use for skill building and progress tracking.
I specialize in working with adults and couples who are dealing with issues related to attachment, identity, and trauma. This includes intergenerational trauma, racial trauma, PTSD, and other related concerns. I also work with clients who have a diagnosis or symptoms of ADHD, anxiety, and depression, or experience high stress. I am passionate about providing an affirming and inclusive space for historically marginalized groups, including but not limited to BIPOC, interracial couples, and women. I also enjoy working with fellow members of the queer community.
I am level 2 trained in Gottman Method and am an approved member of the Relationship Checkup which I use for skill building and progress tracking.
I specialize in working with adults and couples who are dealing with issues related to attachment, identity, and trauma. This includes intergenerational trauma, racial trauma, PTSD, and other related concerns. I also work with clients who have a diagnosis or symptoms of ADHD, anxiety, and depression, or experience high stress. I am passionate about providing an affirming and inclusive space for historically marginalized groups, including but not limited to BIPOC, interracial couples, and women. I also enjoy working with fellow members of the queer community.
(502) 771-8662 View (502) 771-8662
Photo of Matthew T. Harris, MSSW, MSCFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Matthew T. Harris
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSSW, MSCFT, LMFT
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40206
Are you tired of arguing with your partner? Did you find out your partner has cheated? Are you thinking of ending your relationship? I can help you reconnect with your partner by rebuilding trust and closeness using the most effective method of couple therapy, Emotionally Focused Therapy. Is anxiety, depression, or trauma getting in the way of your relationships, work, or life? I can help you get to the root of the problem and give you tools to feel better. Are you struggling with the unique difficulties of being LGBTQ? I can help you develop the confidence and skills to live as your authentic self.
Are you tired of arguing with your partner? Did you find out your partner has cheated? Are you thinking of ending your relationship? I can help you reconnect with your partner by rebuilding trust and closeness using the most effective method of couple therapy, Emotionally Focused Therapy. Is anxiety, depression, or trauma getting in the way of your relationships, work, or life? I can help you get to the root of the problem and give you tools to feel better. Are you struggling with the unique difficulties of being LGBTQ? I can help you develop the confidence and skills to live as your authentic self.
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Photo of Lynda Campbell Pearman, MHR, LPCC
Lynda Campbell Pearman
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MHR, LPCC
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40207
If you are ready to explore the deeper roots of your issues or that of your family, create a better relationship with yourself and others rather than just getting temporary relief from symptoms, call or text me or leave a voice mail.
During the recent time of shelter in place, we found a need to be connected to others more than ever. For most people, the pandemic increased anxiety, loneliness and stressed our personal and family resources. Many experienced echoes of past trauma that interfered with their present relationships. When anxiety and anger begins to surface, often,the depth of the pain, anger or frustration doesn't make sense. Sometimes it is sadness from grief or a loss from the past or fear of imminent loss. Having grown up in a military family, I understand a lot about adjusting to change and starting over.
If you are ready to explore the deeper roots of your issues or that of your family, create a better relationship with yourself and others rather than just getting temporary relief from symptoms, call or text me or leave a voice mail.
During the recent time of shelter in place, we found a need to be connected to others more than ever. For most people, the pandemic increased anxiety, loneliness and stressed our personal and family resources. Many experienced echoes of past trauma that interfered with their present relationships. When anxiety and anger begins to surface, often,the depth of the pain, anger or frustration doesn't make sense. Sometimes it is sadness from grief or a loss from the past or fear of imminent loss. Having grown up in a military family, I understand a lot about adjusting to change and starting over.
(502) 829-6687 View (502) 829-6687
Photo of Angela Keane, Angela Keane, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angela Keane
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Angela Keane, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40243
Angela has a special interest in trauma and how it effects our relationship with ourselves and others.
Angela is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and brings years of experience of working with children and families. She has been trained as an adoption specialist and has experience working as a school counselor and in community mental health. In her practice, she sees children and teens, in addition to families and adults. She is trained in EMDR therapy as well as Trauma Focused CBT. She is passionate about helping families navigate tough times. She considers it an honor to come alongside her clients and help those struggling with anxiety, depression, behavior issues, family conflict and more.
Angela has a special interest in trauma and how it effects our relationship with ourselves and others.
Angela is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and brings years of experience of working with children and families. She has been trained as an adoption specialist and has experience working as a school counselor and in community mental health. In her practice, she sees children and teens, in addition to families and adults. She is trained in EMDR therapy as well as Trauma Focused CBT. She is passionate about helping families navigate tough times. She considers it an honor to come alongside her clients and help those struggling with anxiety, depression, behavior issues, family conflict and more.
(502) 610-5924 View (502) 610-5924
Photo of Charmaine M Smith, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Charmaine M Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40218
Waitlist for new clients
CURRENTLY, WE ARE NOT ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. Are you ready to live, love and lead abundantly, but is seems as though 'something' is hindering you from living a life filled with joy, peace and happiness? Has a series of unfortunate life event(s) or toxic relationships resulted in you feeling 'weighed down'? Is your adolescent experiencing behavioral issues in school and at home? Does your relationship need a serious 'double dip' of enrichment? Do you feel as though you are at a crossroad in your personal, professional, emotional or spiritual life?
CURRENTLY, WE ARE NOT ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. Are you ready to live, love and lead abundantly, but is seems as though 'something' is hindering you from living a life filled with joy, peace and happiness? Has a series of unfortunate life event(s) or toxic relationships resulted in you feeling 'weighed down'? Is your adolescent experiencing behavioral issues in school and at home? Does your relationship need a serious 'double dip' of enrichment? Do you feel as though you are at a crossroad in your personal, professional, emotional or spiritual life?
(502) 804-5410 View (502) 804-5410
Photo of Melanie Hettinger, MSSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melanie Hettinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40222
I have been practicing in the Louisville area since 2002. My experience ranges from acute inpatient care to out-patient therapy; working with children, adolescents and adults, as well as families and couples. Through my experience I am hoping to further apply my skills working with those who may be dealing with the following issues: anxiety, depressive/mood disorders, grief/death/dying issues, self esteem issues, peer conflicts, ADHD/ADD, social skills, parent/child relationships, and parenting skills. I want to work together to develop a therapeutic relationship that addresses your area of needs combined with empathetic understanding and validation of feelings.
I have been practicing in the Louisville area since 2002. My experience ranges from acute inpatient care to out-patient therapy; working with children, adolescents and adults, as well as families and couples. Through my experience I am hoping to further apply my skills working with those who may be dealing with the following issues: anxiety, depressive/mood disorders, grief/death/dying issues, self esteem issues, peer conflicts, ADHD/ADD, social skills, parent/child relationships, and parenting skills. I want to work together to develop a therapeutic relationship that addresses your area of needs combined with empathetic understanding and validation of feelings.
(502) 265-3930 View (502) 265-3930
Photo of Tera Rumbaugh Crawford, PhD, MEd, LPCA, NCC
Tera Rumbaugh Crawford
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, PhD, MEd, LPCA, NCC
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40216  (Online Only)
For example, she can assist clients that are struggling with issues involving anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, general stress, trauma, low self-esteem, life balance, or school-related issues.
Whatever difficult situation you are facing, you do not have to face it alone! Tera is dedicated to providing an open and supportive counseling environment to overcome any personal concerns. She believes that you are capable of making the necessary changes in your life to create a positive future for yourself. Tera will be there to help you and guide you as you begin this journey towards better mental health.
For example, she can assist clients that are struggling with issues involving anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, general stress, trauma, low self-esteem, life balance, or school-related issues.
Whatever difficult situation you are facing, you do not have to face it alone! Tera is dedicated to providing an open and supportive counseling environment to overcome any personal concerns. She believes that you are capable of making the necessary changes in your life to create a positive future for yourself. Tera will be there to help you and guide you as you begin this journey towards better mental health.
(502) 215-3332 View (502) 215-3332
Relationship Solutions
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSSW, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40222
Are you struggling to connect with your partner? Are you tired of conversations always ending in arguments? Do you wish there was an affordable option for couple or family counseling? The Relationship Solutions Clinic is an innovative counseling environment coordinated by the Couple & Family Therapy Program in the Kent School of Social Work at the University of Louisville. We work with couples and families to decrease conflict, improve communication, and enhance the well-being of all family members.
Are you struggling to connect with your partner? Are you tired of conversations always ending in arguments? Do you wish there was an affordable option for couple or family counseling? The Relationship Solutions Clinic is an innovative counseling environment coordinated by the Couple & Family Therapy Program in the Kent School of Social Work at the University of Louisville. We work with couples and families to decrease conflict, improve communication, and enhance the well-being of all family members.
(502) 547-9612 View (502) 547-9612
Photo of Katie Fulinello, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katie Fulinello
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40207
Waitlist for new clients
I believe the greatest gift is to feel confident being fully ourselves. My work is based on the belief that the best outcomes develop from the strongest relationships, including our relationship with self. I'm passionate about helping clients break negative habits and develop new tools to lead life more fully, and in greater alignment with self, though holistic psychotherapy. Learn more about my practice and areas of focus here: www.katiefulinello.com
I believe the greatest gift is to feel confident being fully ourselves. My work is based on the belief that the best outcomes develop from the strongest relationships, including our relationship with self. I'm passionate about helping clients break negative habits and develop new tools to lead life more fully, and in greater alignment with self, though holistic psychotherapy. Learn more about my practice and areas of focus here: www.katiefulinello.com
(502) 306-0242 View (502) 306-0242
Photo of Patricia McIntyre Salem, MAMFT, LPAT, ATR-BC, Art Therapist
Patricia McIntyre Salem
Art Therapist, MAMFT, LPAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40222
Are you feeling overwhelmed and stressed trying to balance childcare, work & daily life? Do you struggle with emotions and personal relationships? Is anxiety affecting your sense of joy, peace and overall health? I specialize in helping adults with anxiety, depression, loss, communication and relationship difficulties. Therapy and ongoing education will help you learn new ways to respond VS react to emotions, problem solve peaceful solutions and balance self care with multiple demands. My clients learn ways to repair relationship hurdles, build and restore trust and identify new ways to connect, adapt and communicate more openly.
Are you feeling overwhelmed and stressed trying to balance childcare, work & daily life? Do you struggle with emotions and personal relationships? Is anxiety affecting your sense of joy, peace and overall health? I specialize in helping adults with anxiety, depression, loss, communication and relationship difficulties. Therapy and ongoing education will help you learn new ways to respond VS react to emotions, problem solve peaceful solutions and balance self care with multiple demands. My clients learn ways to repair relationship hurdles, build and restore trust and identify new ways to connect, adapt and communicate more openly.
(502) 829-6504 View (502) 829-6504
Photo of Joseph Carlton, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Joseph Carlton
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40204
i am a preferred provider for Humana and Optum/UMR. Also accepted Anthem/ BCBS, Passport, most medicaid plans and self pay. I have the option of teletherapy and in office can be done. Clients are asked to wait in their cars until previous clients have left. In the office, markings indicate spaces so that everyone remains at a safe distance. i have over 20 years experience working with traumas, anxiety, depression and relationship difficulties.
i am a preferred provider for Humana and Optum/UMR. Also accepted Anthem/ BCBS, Passport, most medicaid plans and self pay. I have the option of teletherapy and in office can be done. Clients are asked to wait in their cars until previous clients have left. In the office, markings indicate spaces so that everyone remains at a safe distance. i have over 20 years experience working with traumas, anxiety, depression and relationship difficulties.
(502) 414-0017 View (502) 414-0017
Relationship Issues Therapists
While need for human connection appears to be innate, the ability to form healthy, loving relationships is learned. Some evidence suggests that the ability to form a stable relationship starts to form in infancy, in a child's earliest experiences with a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, care, warmth, protection, stimulation, and social contact. Such relationships are not destiny, but they are theorized to establish deeply ingrained patterns of relating to others. The end of a relationship, however, is often a source of great psychological anguish.