The White House and the Israeli prime minister traded barbs on Thursday over the support the United States is providing Israel for its military operations in Gaza, in the latest sign of tensions between the two allies over the conduct of the war.
John F. Kirby, a White House spokesman, said on Thursday that the Biden administration has expressed disappointment to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu after the Israeli leader lashed out on Tuesday at the United States for withholding some heavy munitions.
Mr. Kirby said that there was “no other country that’s done more, or will continue to do more, than the United States to help Israel defend itself,” adding that Mr. Netanyahu’s comments were “deeply disappointing and certainly vexing to us.”
In response, Mr. Netanyahu said on Thursday that he was “willing to absorb personal attacks if that is what it takes for Israel to get the arms and ammunition it needs in its war for survival.”
It was the latest back-and-forth between leaders of the two staunch allies that have increasingly diverged on how Israel is conducting the war, as both leaders face an avalanche of domestic and international pressure to change course.
Since the Hamas-led attack in Israel on Oct. 7, the United States has largely supported Israel, offering weapons and, for the most part, backing at the United Nations, but the relationship has frayed. Last month the Biden administration blocked a shipment of heavy bombs and artillery shells to Israel — while allowing other weapons to flow — and earlier this month the administration backed a U.N. resolution for a cease-fire over protests from Israel.
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The Israeli prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, center, in Tel Aviv on Tuesday, the day he publicly discussed his frustration with the Biden administration over weapons deliveries. Credit...Pool photo by Shaul Golan
At particular issue for Mr. Netanyahu has been the continued weapons support, and this week he has ensured that the dispute remained in the public eye, describing White House actions and words as affronts to him and to Israel.
On Monday, President Biden overcame congressional opposition to one of the biggest arms sales ever to Israel, an $18 billion deal for F-15 jets.
On Tuesday, Mr. Netanyahu released a video statement calling it “inconceivable” that the Biden administration was withholding weapons from “America’s closest ally, fighting for its life.”
The administration said there were no new developments on that score and nothing had been withheld apart from the shipment 2,000 pound bombs, under review since early May over concerns about their use in densely populated parts of Gaza. A White House spokeswoman, Karine Jean-Pierre, said of Mr. Netanyahu, “We genuinely do not know what he is talking about.”
In his comments on Thursday, Mr. Kirby reiterated that no one had done more to help Israel defend itself than the United States.
“I mean, my goodness, this president put U.S. fighter aircrafts up in the air in the middle of April, to help shoot down several 100 drones and missiles, including ballistic missiles, that were fired from Iran proper at Israel,” he said, adding that Mr. Netanyahu’s remarks were disappointing “given the amount of support that we have, and will continue to provide Prime Minister Netanyahu.”
The spokesman for the State Department, Matthew Miller, echoed Mr. Kirby’s remarks, asserting the U.S. commitment to Israel was “sacrosanct.”
“We have proved that not just with words but with deeds,” Mr. Miller said. “I don’t think it is productive to engage in an intense public back and forth about this.”
Johnatan Reiss contributed reporting from Jerusalem.
A group of U.N. experts warned arms manufacturers, including Boeing, Caterpillar and Lockheed Martin, that transferring any weapons or weapon components to Israel could make them complicit in serious violations of international humanitarian law, even if those transfers are carried out under existing export licenses or indirectly through an intermediary country. In a statement on Thursday, the experts also warned financial institutions invested in those arms manufacturers, including Bank of America and JP Morgan Chase, that their business relationships could potentially move them from “being directly linked to human rights abuses to contributing to them, with repercussions for complicity in potential atrocity crimes.”
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel demanded on Wednesday that his coalition partners “get a hold of themselves” and “put aside all extraneous interests” to focus on the war, as divisions within Israel’s government become sharper and more public. Mr. Netanyahu has clashed with members of his own party and with far-right and religious party leaders in his coalition. The wide-ranging conflicts include how far to go in requiring military service by ultra-Orthodox Jews, who controls the assignments of rabbis, leaks to the news media and how much of a voice the far right should have in setting war policy.
The troubled humanitarian pier built by the United States off the coast of Gaza is back up and running, Gen. Patrick S. Ryder, the Pentagon spokesman, said at a news briefing on Thursday.The pier was “re-anchored and reestablished” on Wednesday, he said, and “overnight, the transfer of humanitarian assistance from Cyprus to Gaza resumed,” with more than 1.4 million pounds being delivered to a marshaling area, where it is loaded onto trucks. General Ryder said the pier was always intended to be a temporary solution and added that, “contrary to some press reporting on the matter,” there was no end date established for the mission. Aid groups have said that they are hesitant to deliver aid from the marshaling area because of security concerns and that supplies are piling up there.
Cross-border aerial attacks between Israeli forces and Hezbollah continued across the border of Israel and Lebanon on Thursday, with dozens of rockets launched at Israeli towns and an Israeli strike on a Hezbollah commander, according to the Israeli military. Approximately 60 projectiles, including rockets and anti-tank missiles, hit open areas in northern Israel, according to an Israeli military spokesperson. No casualties were reported. The Israeli military also said it had killed Fadel Ibrahim, identified as a commander of Hezbollah’s ground forces, in an airstrike near Deir Kifa in the south of Lebanon. Tensions at the northern border have risen for months, and the prospect of a full-fledged war between the two forces looms.
U.S. lawmakers called for some Palestinians fleeing Gaza to be granted refugee status. In a letter to Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken and Department of Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas on Thursday, 70 members of Congress called for more pathways for relief for Palestinians affected by the war who are relatives of U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents. “Historically, the U.S. has resettled very few Palestinian refugees,” the lawmakers noted, including just 56 refugees, or 0.09 percent of the total number of resettled refugees, in 2023, and 16 so far in 2024. “Given the dire conditions currently on the ground in Gaza, it is time for this to change,” said the lawmakers, who were led by Senate Majority Whip Dick Durbin, Democrat of Illinois.
Israel’s energy minister threatened a “power outage for months” in Lebanon if the Israeli electricity grid were hit and disabled for even a few hours by Hezbollah. The statement came from Eli Cohen, the energy minister, in a post on social media on Thursday. Earlier in the day, Shaul Goldstein, the chief executive of the government company responsible for managing the country’s electric grid, said that Hezbollah “could easily bring down the electricity grid in Israel.” Mr. Goldstein’s comments sparked outrage among right-wing media commentators, and Mr. Cohen’s response appeared to be designed to send a message that Israel could not be easily crippled.
Israel’s use of 2,000-pound bombs and other heavy weapons in densely populated areas of Gaza may have consistently violated international law and could constitute war crimes, the United Nations human rights office said on Wednesday. In a report that focused on six attacks last year, the office said Israeli forces “took an expansive approach to targeting” that apparently considered members of Gaza’s civilian administration and Hamas political structures, who were not directly involved in hostilities, as military targets, possibly violating the laws of war. Israel issued a 12-page rebuttal that said the U.N. report was legally unsound and revealed “numerous biases.”
New building in the Israeli settlement of Eli in the West Bank in December. Credit...Avishag Shaar-Yashuv for The New York Times
Israel is putting key responsibilities in the occupied West Bank under an administrator who answers to a hard-line government minister, Bezalel Smotrich, who favors annexation of the territory, in what analysts and human rights activists describe as the latest step toward the far right’s aim of expanding Israeli settlements there.
The administrative move has been a longtime goal of Mr. Smotrich, the finance minister and settler leader, and increases his formal authority over many areas of civilian life, including building and demolition permits, a crucial tool for settlers who view construction as a way to strengthen their grip on the West Bank.
It is the latest of several changes over the past two years that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government, the most right-wing in Israel’s history, has made to the way that the West Bank is ruled. Since early 2023, the government has eased the planning process for new settlements and gradually transferred more powers from the defense minister, Yoav Gallant, to Mr. Smotrich, a longtime settler activist who wants to prevent the possibility of creating a Palestinian state in the territory.
The moves stop short of fully placing the West Bank under civilian control, and they have limited effect in the 40 percent of the West Bank that is administered by the Palestinian Authority, a semi-autonomous Palestinian-run body. But critics say that they collectively take Israel a step closer to annexing the territory in all but name.
For decades, Israel has defended its control of the territory there by saying that it is a temporary military occupation since the 1967 war that complies with the international laws applicable to occupied territories, rather than a permanent annexation that places the West Bank under the sovereign control of Israel’s civilian authorities. But the empowerment of Mr. Smotrich, a civilian minister, tests that argument to its limits.
The latest move, which creates a civilian head of an area previously overseen only by the military, was finalized by the Israeli military on May 29, according to copies of two military orders seen by The New York Times. It names a deputy head of the civil administration in the West Bank who will answer to Mr. Smotrich, an ultranationalist member of Mr. Netanyahu’s coalition who has a broad portfolio in the West Bank.
Settlers like Mr. Smotrich want to build more Israeli settlements across the West Bank on land that Palestinians hoped would be the core of a future Palestinian state. While previous Israeli governments and generals have built and protected hundreds of settlements, the latest order would likely accelerate that process, analysts and activists said.
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Israel’s finance minister, Bezalel Smotrich, center, has gained new authority over Israel’s occupation of the West Bank and the development of settlements.Credit...Menahem Kahana/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
Critics have already accused the government of failing to clamp down on illegal settlement construction and violence committed by settlers, and of thwarting measures to enforce the law.
Since the war began in October, the government has cracked down on the territory with near-daily military raids it says are aimed at terrorists. The government has also emboldened settlers and enacted new regulations that have put additional economic pressure on Palestinians.
“We are speaking about a change with a very clear political dimension to permit all kinds of plans for building settlements very quickly and without any obstacles,” said Michael Milshtein, an author and expert in Palestinian studies at Tel Aviv University.
The military has for decades been responsible for civil administration in most of the West Bank as well as for security, and critics say the shift to civilian administration, a longstanding aim of Mr. Smotrich, ties decision-making more closely to Israeli domestic politics. Analysts noted, however, that Defense Minister Yoav Gallant would retain input and could block certain measures.
Aviv Tatarsky, a researcher at Ir Amim, an Israeli nongovernmental organization, said that the order was “historic,” because “for the first time you have in a formal way management in the West Bank that is not done through the army but through the Israeli civil political system.”
The civilian political influence over the military administration already existed to some extent, though it was hidden from view, he said, “but now it’s stopped playing the games.”
A spokesman for Mr. Smotrich did not respond to a request for comment.
The person named to fill the new administrative post, Hillel Roth, is a settler and a member of the religious nationalist community who will likely act to facilitate Mr. Smotrich’s agenda, analysts said.
Mr. Milshtein noted that Mr. Smotrich had separately aimed to weaken the Palestinian Authority, which administers some parts of the West Bank. Mr. Smotrich announced in May that Israel would withhold revenue from the authority, worsening its severe fiscal crisis. In June, Mr. Smotrich said that he had ordered about $35 million in tax revenue that Israel collected on behalf of the authority to be diverted to the families of Israeli victims of terrorism.
Since Israel occupied the West Bank, previously controlled by Jordan, in the 1967 Arab-Israeli war, the government has encouraged Jews to settle there, providing land, military protection, electricity, water and roads. More than 500,000 settlers now live among 2.7 million Palestinians in the territory.
Most of the world considers the settlements illegal. Some Israeli Jews justify settlement on religious grounds, others on the basis of history — both ancient and modern — while some say Israel must control the territory to prevent armed Palestinian groups from taking power.
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