Nenda kwa yaliyomo

Nadharia ya njama

Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru
Picha hii kwenye noti ya dolar 1 ya Marekani imesababisha nadharia ya kuwa kuundwa kwa Marekani ilikuwa mpango wa siri wa shirika la Illiuminati au Wamasoni.

Nadharia ya njama (kwa Kiingereza: conspiration theory) ni masimulizi yanayodai kwamba kundi la watu ("wala njama") wamepatana kwa siri ("kula njama") kufanya mambo haramu au mabaya na kuyaficha mbele ya umma.

Nadharia za njama kwa kawaida zina ushahidi mdogo au zinakosa ushahidi wowote. Kuna pia nadharia za njama zinazorejelea matukio halisi lakini kuzieleza kutokana na njama isiyojulikana na watu wengi.

Nadharia nyingi za njama zinadai kwamba matukio fulani ya kihistoria hayakutokea jinsi yanavyoelezwa katika vitabu vya historia bali kufuatana na njama fulani.

Nadharia za njama zilizokuwa maarufu katika miaka iliyopita ni pamoja na

Nadharia za njama zilizosababisha majanga

[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Wakati nadharia za njama zilipolengwa dhidi ya kundi fulani katika jamii ziliweza kusababisha majanga kama mauaji ya kimbari au ya kidini.

  1. Moon Base Clavius is devoted to analyzing the conspiracists' claims and attempting to debunk them
  2. Apollo Lunar Surface Journal, Photos, audio, video and complete communication transcriptions of the six successful landings and Apollo 13
  3. Staff Editors (3 February 2005). "Debunking the 9/11 Myths: Special Report – The World Trade Center", Popular Mechanics. Hearst Communication. Archived from the original on 11 January 2015. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
  4. "Conspiracy theories and secret handshakes: what do we know about Freemasons?", Daily Express. 24 November 2015. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2017.

Viungo vya Nje

[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Simple English Wiktionary
Simple English Wiktionary
Wikamusi ya Kiswahili ina maelezo na tafsiri ya maana ya neno:
Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:
  • State Department's Todd Leventhal Discusses Conspiracy Theories, 2009, U.S. Department of State's Bureau of International Information Programs usembassy.gov
  • September 11 Conspiracy Theories: Confused stories continue, 2006, usembassy.gov
  • Why Rational People Buy Into Conspiracy Theories, Maggie Koerth-Baker, 21 May 2013, NYT.
  • Naomi Wolf. "Analysis of the appeal of conspiracy theories with suggestions for more accurate ad hoc internet reporting of them". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2 Novemba 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  • Stuart J. Murray (2009). "Editorial Introduction: 'Media Tropes'". MediaTropes eJournal. 2 (1): i–x.
  • Conspiracism, Political Research Associates