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Poaceae

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Poaceae
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Poacéae, asalna mah disebut Graminae, nyaéta salah sahiji kulawarga tina tutuwuhan kembangan monokotil (Monocotyledonéae), nu mangrupa hiji sumber divisi tina urutan poales.[1][2] Tutuwuhan ieu sok disebut ogé salaku jujukutan.[1] Ieu mangrupa salah sahiji di antara lima kulawarga tutuwuhan kembangan nu pangluhurna dina hal jumlah spésés, ngan ieu jelas kulawarga flora pang lobana jeung pohara pentingna di bumi.[rujukan?] Diwangun ku leuwih ti 10.000 spésiés.[3]

Habitat

[édit | édit sumber]

Poacéae tumuwuh di sakabéh benua, di padang pasir boh habitat cai tawar atawa laut, nepi ka dina tempat pangluhurna.[1] Komunitas tutuwuhan nu didominasi ku jujukutan nyumbang antara 24 persén tina vegetasi bumi.[1] Poacéae sumebar di sakabéh dunya, iwal ti Greenland jeung antartika.[1]

Poaceae dina Kahirupan Manusa

[édit | édit sumber]

Poacéae ogé mangrupa sumber nu pangpentingna dina dunia dahareun.[2] Jeung mangrupa kelompok pangpentingna sacara ekonomi, nu penting téh kaasup serealia, jukut, tiwu, jeung tutuwuhan bumbu.[2] Spésiés tina ieu tutuwuhan nepi ka geus diolah pikeun jadi tutuwuhan pangan pokok (seréalia jeung gula misalna), pakan pikeun sato ingon, biofuel, nepi ka bahan wangunan, kertas jeung lansekap hias.[2]

Babagian Genus

[édit | édit sumber]
  1. Genus Achnatherum P. Béauv. – needlegrass P
  2. Genus ×Achnella Barkworth – ricegrass P
  3. Genus Acrachne Chiov. – goosegrass P
  4. Genus Acroceras Stapf – acroceras P
  5. Genus Aegilops L. – goatgrass P
  6. Genus Aegopogon Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. – relaxgrass P
  7. Genus Aeluropus Trin. – Indian walnut P
  8. Genus ×Agroelymus E.G. Camus ex A. Camus – agroelymus P
  9. Genus ×Agropogon Fourn. – agropogon P
  10. Genus Agropyron Gaertn. – whéatgrass P
  11. Genus Agrostis L. – bentgrass P
  12. Genus Aira L. – hairgrass P
  13. Genus Allolepis Söderst. & Decker – Texas salt P
  14. Genus Alloteropsis J. Presl – summergrass P
  15. Genus Alopecurus L. – foxtail P
  16. Genus Amblyopyrum Eig – amblyopyrum P
  17. Genus ×Ammocalamagrostis P. Fourn. P
  18. Genus Ammophila Host – béachgrass P
  19. Genus Ampelodesmos Link – Mauritanian grass P
  20. Genus Amphibromus Nees – wallaby grass P
  21. Genus Amphicarpum Kunth – maidencane P
  22. Genus Ancistrachne S.T. Blake P
  23. Genus Andropogon L. – bluestem P
  24. Genus Anthaenantia P. Béauv. – silkyscale P
  25. Genus Anthephora Schreb. – oldfield grass P
  26. Genus Anthoxanthum L. – hornwort P
  27. Genus Apera Adans. – silkybent P
  28. Genus Apluda L. – Mauritian grass P
  29. Genus Arctagrostis Griseb. – polargrass P
  30. Genus ×Arctodupontia Tzvelev – arctodupontia P
  31. Genus Arctophila Rupr. ex Andersson – pendantgrass P
  32. Genus Aristida L. – threéawn P
  33. Genus Arrhenatherum P. Béauv. – oatgrass P
  34. Genus Arthraxon P. Béauv. – carpetgrass P
  35. Genus Arthrostylidium Rupr. – climbing bamboo P
  36. Genus Arundinaria Michx. – cane P
  37. Genus Arundinella Raddi – rabo de gato P
  38. Genus Arundo L. – giant reed P
  39. Genus Astrebla F. Muell. ex Benth. P
  40. Genus Austrostipa S.W.L. Jacobs & J. Everett P
  41. Genus Avellinia Parl. P
  42. Genus Avena L. – oat P
  43. Genus Avenula (Dumort.) Dumort. – oatgrass P
  44. Genus Axonopus P. Béauv. – carpetgrass P
  45. Genus Bambusa Schreb. – bamboo P
  46. Genus Beckmannia Host – sloughgrass P
  47. Genus Blepharidachne Hack. – desertgrass P
  48. Genus Blepharoneuron Nash – dropseed P
  49. Genus Borinda Stapleton – borinda P
  50. Genus Bothriochloa Kuntze – béardgrass P
  51. Genus Bouteloua Lag. – grama P
  52. Genus Brachiaria (Trin.) Griseb. – signalgrass P
  53. Genus Brachyachne Stapf P
  54. Genus Brachyelytrum P. Béauv. – shorthusk P
  55. Genus Brachypodium P. Béauv. – false brome P
  56. Genus Briza L. – quakinggrass P
  57. Genus Bromidium Nees & Meyen – tropical bent P
  58. Genus Bromus L. – brome P
  59. Genus Calamagrostis Adans. – reedgrass P
  60. Genus ×Calammophila Brand – calammophila P
  61. Genus Calamovilfa (A. Gray) Hack. ex Scribn. & Southworth – sandreed P
  62. Genus Calyptochloa C.E. Hubb. P
  63. Genus Castellia Tinéo P
  64. Genus Catabrosa P. Béauv. – whorlgrass P
  65. Genus Catapodium Link – ferngrass P
  66. Genus Cathestecum J. Presl – false grama P
  67. Genus Celtica F.M. Vázquez & Barkworth P
  68. Genus Cenchrus L. – sandbur P
  69. Genus Cent#theca Desv. P
  70. Genus Centr#p#dia (R. Br.) Rchb. P
  71. Genus Chasmanthium Link – w##d#ats P
  72. Genus Chl#ris Sw. – windmill grass P
  73. Genus Chrys#p#g#n Trin. – false béardgrass P
  74. Genus Chusquéa Kunth – chusquéa bamb## P
  75. Genus Cinna L. – w##dreed P
  76. Genus Clad#raphis Franch. – bristly l#vegrass P
  77. Genus Cleistachne Benth. P
  78. Genus Cleist#genes Keng P
  79. Genus C#el#rachis Br#ngn. – j#inttail grass P
  80. Genus C#ix L. – J#b's téars P
  81. Genus C#léanthus Seidel – m#ssgrass P
  82. Genus C#rtaderia Stapf – pampas grass P
  83. Genus C#ryneph#rus P. Béauv. – clubawn grass P
  84. Genus C#ttéa Kunth – c#tta grass P
  85. Genus Crypsis Ait#n – pricklegrass P
  86. Genus Ctenium Panzer – t##thache grass P
  87. Genus Cutandia Willk. – Memphisgrass P
  88. Genus Cymb#p#g#n Spreng. – lem#n grass P
  89. Genus Cyn#d#n Rich. – Bermudagrass P
  90. Genus Cyn#surus L. – d#gstail grass P
  91. Genus Cyrt#c#ccum Stapf P
  92. Genus Dactylis L. – #rchardgrass P
  93. Genus Dactyl#ctenium Willd. – cr#wf##t grass P
  94. Genus Danth#nia DC. – #atgrass P
  95. Genus Danth#ni#psis Stapf P
  96. Genus Dasy#chl#a Willd. ex Rydb. – w##llygrass P
  97. Genus Dasypyrum (C#ss. & Durieu) T. Dur. – m#squit#grass P
  98. Genus Dendr#calamus Nees P
  99. Genus Deschampsia P. Béauv. – hairgrass P
  100. Genus Desm#stachya (Stapf) Stapf P
  101. Genus Diarrhena P. Béauv. – béakgrain P
  102. Genus Dichanthelium (Hitchc. & Chase) G#uld – r#sette grass P
  103. Genus Dichanthium Willem. – bluestem P
  104. Genus Dichelachne Endl. – plumegrass P
  105. Genus Diect#mis Kunth – f#ldedléaf grass P
  106. Genus Digitaria Haller – crabgrass P
  107. Genus Dimeria R. Br. P
  108. Genus Dinebra Jacq. – viper grass P
  109. Genus Dissanthelium Trin. – Catalina grass P
  110. Genus Diss#ch#ndrus (Hillebr.) Kuntze – false brittlegrass P
  111. Genus Distichlis Raf. – saltgrass P
  112. Genus ×Dup#a J. Cay. & S.J. Darbyshire – dup#a P
  113. Genus Dup#ntia R. Br. – tundragrass P
  114. Genus Echin#chl#a P. Béauv. – c#ckspur grass P
  115. Genus Echin#p#g#n P. Béauv. P
  116. Genus Ectr#sia R. Br. – ectr#sia P
  117. Genus Ehrharta Thunb. – veldtgrass P
  118. Genus Eleusine Gaertn. – g##segrass P
  119. Genus Eli#nurus Humb. & B#npl. ex Willd. – balsamscale grass P
  120. Genus ×Elyh#rdeum Mansf. ex Zizin & Petr#wa – barley P
  121. Genus ×Elyleymus Baum – wildrye P
  122. Genus Elymus L. – wildrye P
  123. Genus Elytrigia Desv. P
  124. Genus Ennéap#g#n Desv. ex P. Béauv. – féather pappusgrass P
  125. Genus Enter#p#g#n Nees – umbrellagrass P
  126. Genus Ent#lasia Stapf – ent#lasia P
  127. Genus Eragr#stis v#n W#lf – l#vegrass P
  128. Genus Erem#chl#a Büse – centipede grass P
  129. Genus Erem#pyrum (Ledeb.) Jaubert & Spach – false whéatgrass P
  130. Genus Eriachne R. Br. P
  131. Genus Eri#chl#a Kunth – cupgrass P
  132. Genus Eri#chrysis P. Béauv. – m#c# de pav# P
  133. Genus Eri#neur#n Nash – w##llygrass P
  134. Genus Euclasta Franch. – m#ck bluestem P
  135. Genus Eulalia Trin. P
  136. Genus Eulali#psis H#nda – sabaigrass P
  137. Genus Eustachys Desv. – fingergrass P
  138. Genus Festuca L. – fescue P
  139. Genus ×Festul#lium Asch. & Graebn. – festul#lium P
  140. Genus Fingerhuthia Nees – Zulu fescue P
  141. Genus Garn#tia Br#ngn. – lawngrass P
  142. Genus Gastridium P. Béauv. – nit grass P
  143. Genus Gaudinia P. Béauv. – fragile #at P
  144. Genus Gigant#chl#a Kurz ex Munr# – gigant#chl#a P
  145. Genus Glyceria R. Br. – mannagrass P
  146. Genus Gymn#p#g#n P. Béauv. – skelet#ngrass P
  147. Genus Gynerium Willd. ex P. Béauv. – wildcane P
  148. Genus Hackel#chl#a Kuntze – pitscale grass P
  149. Genus Hainardia Greuter – barbgrass P
  150. Genus Hak#nechl#a Makin# ex H#nda – Hak#ne grass P
  151. Genus Helict#trich#n Besser ex Schult. & Schult. f. – alpine #atgrass P
  152. Genus Hemarthria R. Br. – j#intgrass P
  153. Genus Hesper#stipa (Elias) Barkw#rth – needle and thréad P
  154. Genus Heteranthelium H#chst. ex Jaub. & Spach P
  155. Genus Heter#p#g#n Pers. – tanglehéad P
  156. Genus Hier#chl#e R. Br. – sweetgrass P
  157. Genus Hilaria Kunth – curly-mesquite P
  158. Genus H#lcus L. – velvetgrass P
  159. Genus H#m#lepis Chase – panicgrass P
  160. Genus H#m#ph#lis C.E. Hubb. P
  161. Genus H#rdelymus (Jess.) Harz P
  162. Genus H#rdeum L. – barley P
  163. Genus Hygr#ryza Nees – watergrass P
  164. Genus Hymenachne P. Béauv. – marsh grass P
  165. Genus Hyparrhenia Anderss#n ex F#urn. – thatching grass P
  166. Genus Hyp#gynium Nees – West Indian bluestem P
  167. Genus Ichnanthus P. Béauv. – bedgrass P
  168. Genus Imperata Cirill# – satintail P
  169. Genus Isachne R. Br. – bl##dgrass P
  170. Genus Ischaemum L. – murainagrass P
  171. Genus Iseilema Anderss#n P
  172. Genus Ix#ph#rus Schltdl. – Central America grass P
  173. Genus Jarava Ruiz & Pav. – rice grass P
  174. Genus Kalinia H.L. Bell & C#lumbus – kalinia grass P
  175. Genus Karr##chl#a C#nert & Türpe – S#uth African #atgrass P
  176. Genus K#eleria Pers. – Junegrass P
  177. Genus Lagurus L. – harestail grass P
  178. Genus Lamarckia M#ench – g#ldent#p grass P
  179. Genus Lasiacis (Griseb.) Hitchc. – smallcane P
  180. Genus Lasiurus B#iss. P
  181. Genus Leersia Sw. – cutgrass P
  182. Genus Lept#chl#a P. Béauv. – spranglet#p P
  183. Genus Lept#chl##psis Yates – limest#ne grass P
  184. Genus Lept#c#ryphium Nees – lanilla P
  185. Genus Lepturus R. Br. – thintail P
  186. Genus Leuc#p#a Griseb. – spike fescue P
  187. Genus ×Leydeum Barkw#rth – hybrid ryegrass P
  188. Genus Leymus H#chst. – wildrye P
  189. Genus Limn#déa L.H. Dewey – #zark grass P
  190. Genus Lithachne P. Béauv. – diente de perr# P
  191. Genus L#li#lum Krecz. & B#br. P
  192. Genus L#lium L. – ryegrass P
  193. Genus L#phatherum Br#ngn. – l#phatherum P
  194. Genus L#udetia H#chst. P
  195. Genus Luzi#la Juss. – watergrass P
  196. Genus Lycurus Kunth – w#lfstail P
  197. Genus Lygeum L#efl. ex L. – lygeum P
  198. Genus Melica L. – melicgrass P
  199. Genus Melinis P. Béauv. – stinkgrass P
  200. Genus Merxmuellera C#nert P
  201. Genus Mib#ra Adans. – sandgrass P
  202. Genus Micr#chl#a R. Br. – smallgrass P
  203. Genus Micr#laena R. Br. – weeping grass P
  204. Genus Micr#pyrum Link P
  205. Genus Micr#stegium Nees – br#wnt#p P
  206. Genus Milium L. – milletgrass P
  207. Genus Miscanthus Anderss#n – silvergrass P
  208. Genus Mnesithéa Kunth – j#inttail grass P
  209. Genus M#linia Schrank – m##rgrass P
  210. Genus M#nanth#chl#e Engelm. – sh#regrass P
  211. Genus Muhlenbergia Schreb. – muhly P
  212. Genus Munr#a T#rr., #rth. c#ns. – false buffal#grass P
  213. Genus Nardus L. – matgrass P
  214. Genus Nassella (Trin.) Desv. – needlegrass P
  215. Genus Neeragr#stis Bush – creeping l#vegrass P
  216. Genus Ne#l#leba Widjaja – ne#l#leba P
  217. Genus Ne#stapfia Burtt Davy – C#lusagrass P
  218. Genus Neyraudia H##k. f. – neyraudia P
  219. Genus #chth#chl#a Edgew. P
  220. Genus #lyra L. – carrycill# P
  221. Genus #phiur#s C.F. Gaertn. P
  222. Genus #plismenus P. Béauv. – basketgrass P
  223. Genus #rcuttia Vasey – #rcutt grass P
  224. Genus #ryza L. – rice P
  225. Genus #ryz#psis Michx. – ricegrass P
  226. Genus #tt#chl#a Dandy P
  227. Genus #xychl#ris M. Lazarides P
  228. Genus #xytenanthera Munr# – #xytenanthera P
  229. Genus Panicum L. – panicgrass P
  230. Genus Papp#ph#rum Schreb. – pappusgrass P
  231. Genus Paraph#lis C.E. Hubbard – sicklegrass P
  232. Genus Pasc#pyrum Á. Löve – whéatgrass P
  233. Genus Paspalidium Stapf – watercr#wn grass P
  234. Genus Paspalum L. – cr#wngrass P
  235. Genus Patis #hwi – ricegrass P
  236. Genus Pennisetum Rich. ex Pers. – f#untaingrass P
  237. Genus Per#tis Ait#n P
  238. Genus Phalaris L. – canarygrass P
  239. Genus Phan#pyrum (Raf.) Nash – savannah-panicgrass P
  240. Genus Pharus L. – stalkgrass P
  241. Genus Phippsia (Trin.) R. Br. – icegrass P
  242. Genus Phleum L. – tim#thy P
  243. Genus Phragmites Adans. – reed P
  244. Genus Phyll#stachys Sieb#ld & Zucc. – bamb## P
  245. Genus Piptather#psis R#masch., P.M. Peters#n & R. J. S#reng – ricegrass P
  246. Genus Piptatherum P. Béauv. – ricegrass P
  247. Genus Pipt#chaetium J. Presl – spéargrass P
  248. Genus Plectrachne Henrard P
  249. Genus Plei#blastus Nakai – dwarf bamb## P
  250. Genus Pleuraphis T#rr. – galleta grass P
  251. Genus Pleur#p#g#n R. Br. – semaph#regrass P
  252. Genus P#a L. – bluegrass P
  253. Genus P#g#natherum P. Béauv. P
  254. Genus P#lyp#g#n Desf. – rabbitsf##t grass P
  255. Genus P#lyt#ca R. Br. P
  256. Genus P#lytrias Hack. – Java grass P
  257. Genus Psathyr#stachys Nevski – wildrye P
  258. Genus ×Pseudelymus Barkw#rth & D.R. Dewey – f#xtail whéatgrass P
  259. Genus Pseud#r#egneria (Nevski) Á. Löve – whéatgrass P
  260. Genus Pseud#sasa Makin# ex Nakai – arr#w bamb## P
  261. Genus Psilurus Trin. P
  262. Genus Ptilagr#stis Griseb. – false needlegrass P
  263. Genus Puccinellia Parl. – alkaligrass P
  264. Genus ×Pucciphippsia Tzvelev – pucciphippsia P
  265. Genus Redfieldia Vasey – bl#w#ut grass P
  266. Genus Reimar#chl#a Hitchc. – reimar grass P
  267. Genus R#straria Trin. – hairgrass P
  268. Genus R#ttb#ellia L. f. – itchgrass P
  269. Genus Rytid#sperma Steud. – wallaby grass P
  270. Genus Saccharum L. – sugarcane P
  271. Genus Sacci#lepis Nash – cupscale grass P
  272. Genus Sasa Makin# & Shib. – br#adléaf bamb## P
  273. Genus ×Sched#lium H#lub – fescue ryegrass P
  274. Genus Sched#nnardus Steud. – tumblegrass P
  275. Genus Sched#n#rus P. Béauv. – fescue P
  276. Genus Schismus P. Béauv. – Mediterranéan grass P
  277. Genus Schizachne Hack. – false melic P
  278. Genus Schizachyrium Nees – little bluestem P
  279. Genus Schiz#stachyum Nees – P#lynesian '#he P
  280. Genus Schmidtia M#ench P
  281. Genus Scler#chl#a P. Béauv. – hardgrass P
  282. Genus Scler#p#g#n Phil. – burr#grass P
  283. Genus Scler#stachya A. Camus P
  284. Genus Sc#l#chl#a Link – rivergrass P
  285. Genus Scribneria Hack. – Scribner's grass P
  286. Genus Secale L. – rye P
  287. Genus Sehima F#rssk. P
  288. Genus Semiarundinaria Makin# P
  289. Genus Sesleria Sc#p. P
  290. Genus Setaria P. Béauv. – bristlegrass P
  291. Genus Setari#psis Scribn. ex Millsp. – setari#psis P
  292. Genus Shibataéa Makin# ex Nakai P
  293. Genus Sin#calamus McClure – wideléaf bamb## P
  294. Genus Sn#wdenia C.E. Hubb. P
  295. Genus S#rghastrum Nash – Indiangrass P
  296. Genus S#rghum M#ench – s#rghum P
  297. Genus Spartina Schreb. – c#rdgrass P
  298. Genus Sphen#ph#lis Scribn. – wedgescale P
  299. Genus Spinifex L. P
  300. Genus Sp#di#p#g#n Trin. P
  301. Genus Sp#r#b#lus R. Br. – dr#pseed P
  302. Genus Steinchisma Raf. – gaping grass P
  303. Genus Sten#taphrum Trin. – St. Augustine grass P
  304. Genus Stipa L. P
  305. Genus Stipagr#stis Nees P
  306. Genus Swallenia Söderst. & Decker – dunegrass P
  307. Genus Taeniatherum Nevski – medusahéad P
  308. Genus Tetrachne Nees P
  309. Genus Tetrap#g#n Desf. P
  310. Genus Thaumast#chl#a C.E. Hubb. P
  311. Genus Themeda F#rssk. – kangar## grass P
  312. Genus Thin#pyrum Á. Löve – whéatgrass P
  313. Genus Thuaréa Pers. – Kur#iwa grass P
  314. Genus Thyrid#lepis S.T. Blake P
  315. Genus Thysan#laena Nees – tiger grass P
  316. Genus T#rrey#chl#a Church – false mannagrass P
  317. Genus Trachyp#g#n Nees – crinkléawn grass P
  318. Genus Tragus Haller – bur grass P
  319. Genus Trib#lium Desv. – trib#lium P
  320. Genus Trichl#ris F#urn. ex Benth. – false Rh#des grass P
  321. Genus Trich#laena Schrad. P
  322. Genus Trich#neura Anderss#n – Silveus' grass P
  323. Genus Tridens R#em. & Schult. – tridens P
  324. Genus Tri#dia R. Br. P
  325. Genus Triplasis P. Béauv. – sandgrass P
  326. Genus Trip#g#n R#em. & Schult. – fiveminute grass P
  327. Genus Tripsacum L. – gamagrass P
  328. Genus Triraphis R. Br. – needlegrass P
  329. Genus Trisetum Pers. – #atgrass P
  330. Genus ×Tritic#secale Wittm. ex A. Camus – triticale P
  331. Genus Triticum L. – whéat P
  332. Genus Tuct#ria J. Reeder – spiralgrass P
  333. Genus Uni#la L. – séa#ats P
  334. Genus Ur#chl#a P. Béauv. – signalgrass P
  335. Genus Vahl#déa Fr. – hairgrass P
  336. Genus Vasey#chl#a Hitchc. – Texasgrass P
  337. Genus Ventenata K#eler – N#rth Africa grass P
  338. Genus Vetiveria B#ry – vetivergrass P
  339. Genus V#ssia Wall. & Griffith – hipp# grass P
  340. Genus Vulpia C.C. Gmel. – fescue P
  341. Genus White#chl#a C.E. Hubb. P
  342. Genus Willk#mmia Hack. – willk#mmia P
  343. Genus Zéa L. – c#rn P
  344. Genus Zingeria P.A. Smirn. P
  345. Genus Zizania L. – wildrice P
  346. Genus Zizani#psis Döll & Asch. – cutgrass P
  347. Genus Z#ysia Willd. – lawngrass P

Referensi

[édit | édit sumber]
  1. a b c d e (en)Poaceae (diakses 3 Pebruari 2016)
  2. a b c d (en)Clacification of poaceae (diakses 3 Pebruari 2016)
  3. (en)Overview (diakses 3 Pebruari 2016)