Claudio Spadacini

Competition for green energy is increasing.

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The "Battery Age".. 🔋 ⚡️ 🚙 Batteries are the fastest-growing energy technology, pushed by the favourable alignment of factors... : 👉 Costs of batteries have significantly plunged over the last year and all largest manufacturing companies signals a continuation of the trend. 👉 Price of key metals for batteries have been declining significantly providing deflationary pressures. 👉 A growing attention from multiple governments about importance of batteries both for EVs and for #power storage. 👉 Demand is simply booming for EVs the sales have increased of almost 7 times in just few years; for power storage the growth trend is simply vertical. 👉 #Innovation is going fast and faster, doing more with less as far as concerns traditional components, while new chemistries are tested and introduced into the market. . #energy #power #mobility #electricvehicles #sustainability #jobs #future

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Hydrogen, a Promising Energy Carrier. Two Production Process and Three Colors: 1.From fossil energies: Gray Hydrogen: When exposed to very hot steam, natural gas reacts to produce hydrogen. This is the most widely used process, but it has the disadvantage of releasing CO2. Blue Hydrogen: To decarbonize gray hydrogen, the released CO2 can be captured and stored. This is what is known as blue hydrogen. 2.From renewable energies Green hydrogen: Green hydrogen is produced via water electrolysis using renewable energies. Green hydrogen has the most attractive potential for the future. Green hydrogen’s four areas of application: - It can be injected into natural gas networks, thereby helping to decarbonize them. - It offsets the intermittent nature of renewable energies by offering a storage solution. - It promotes the development of electric mobility when combined with a fuel cell. - It helps decarbonize industrial processes. totalenergies.com

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#energystorage is a key transformative tool for society. Along with batteries, pumped hydro and other technologies Compressed Air #CAES in subsurface reservoirs can deliver sizeable capacity that will help sustainably and reduce energy poverty. More is required by nations to increase energy storage solutions.

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Emerging Battery Technologies to Boost the Clean Energy Transition: Cost, Sustainability, and Performance Analysis (2024)   This Open Access book provides a totally new perspective on the rapidly developing sector of electrochemical energy storage, putting a spotlight on their sustainability under consideration of the latest developments and emerging future technologies.   A number of selected, high-level authors from different disciplines discuss the potential contribution of batteries to a cleaner society, the need for new battery concepts, necessary new chemistries and their sustainability.   These include not only analyses of the most relevant technological developments in the field, but also the latest state of knowledge in terms of their applicative functionalities in transport and stationary applications within the clean energy transition framework, their potential environmental impacts, resource demands and social impacts, and the corresponding methodological advances.   All these aspects are analyzed on micro-level (i.e., for the specific technology), but also on macro-scale i.e., from a systemic perspective, providing a glimpse on how emerging battery systems might cover future energy storage demand.   By taking a prospective and interdisciplinary viewpoint, this book will be of interest for a broad field of readers interested in electrochemistry, engineering with particular focus on electric grids and on-board systems and energy system analysis, but also those worried about the sustainability and societal challenges related with the energy transition(s). #batteries #technology #innovation #energytransition #sustainability 𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁𝘀: Editors: Stefano Passerini, Linda Barelli, Manuel Baumann, Jens Peters, Marcel Weil (* Springer Open Access Book *) This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org licenses by 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. 𝗗𝘂𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗸𝗲𝗱𝗜𝗻 𝗱𝗼𝗰𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝘀𝗶𝘇𝗲 𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝟯𝟬𝟬 𝗽𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀, 𝗔 𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗸 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝘂𝗹𝗹 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗻 𝗮𝗰𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝗽𝗱𝗳 𝗱𝗼𝗰𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗹𝘂𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀.

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Hydrogen Delivery Options: A Comprehensive Environmental Life Cycle Assessment Key Findings from the JRC Report on Hydrogen Delivery in Europe The Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission has published a detailed environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) comparing various hydrogen delivery options within Europe. This study is crucial for understanding the environmental impacts of different hydrogen supply pathways, especially as Europe aims to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. Key Highlights: 1. Hydrogen Delivery Options: The study evaluates on-site production (via steam methane reforming (SMR) or electrolysis) and importing hydrogen in various forms (compressed, liquid, ammonia, liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC), methanol, and synthetic natural gas (SNG)). 2. Environmental Impact Categories: The assessment covers 16 environmental impact categories, including climate change, acidification, ecotoxicity, particulate matter, and resource use. 3. Best Delivery Options: Compressed hydrogen transported by pipeline and liquid hydrogen transported by ship are identified as the most environmentally friendly options for a 2500 km distance within Europe. 4. On-Site Production vs. Importing: While on-site production via renewable electrolysis is the most environmentally friendly, importing hydrogen can also be beneficial, especially when renewable energy is cheaper at the production site. Context and Background: Hydrogen is crucial for reducing the environmental impact of energy use, especially in hard-to-decarbonize sectors like heavy industry and transport. The EU aims to increase renewable hydrogen production and import 10 million tonnes by 2030 through the Re Power EU Plan, emphasizing the need for efficient and eco-friendly delivery methods. Technical Insights: 1. Hydrogen Compression and Liquefaction: These methods are less complex and involve fewer chemical transformations, making them more environmentally friendly than chemical carriers like ammonia or methanol. 2. Hydrogen packing and unpacking require significant energy, impacting the overall environmental footprint. For example, the energy-intensive processes in LOHC pathways increase their environmental impact. 3. Transportation Modes: Shipping hydrogen in liquid form or as compressed gas via pipelines proves more efficient and less impactful than other methods. In my view, The JRC report provides valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and the public on the environmental implications of different hydrogen delivery methods. As we move towards a hydrogen economy, it is crucial to consider the economic and environmental impacts of hydrogen supply chains. What are your thoughts on the most sustainable hydrogen delivery methods? How can we further reduce the environmental impact of hydrogen transportation? #HydrogenEnergy #Sustainability #CarbonCapture #RenewableEnergy #LowCarbonTransition #CCS #GreenEnergy #CleanTech #HydrogenEconomy #Decarbonization

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𝐁𝐢𝐨𝐠𝐚𝐬 𝐔𝐩𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐑𝐞𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐳𝐞𝐝: 𝐌𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐞 𝐓𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐧𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲'𝐬 𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 The clean energy sector's growth reignites interest in biogas, a clean-burning fuel. However, raw biogas requires upgrading to remove CO2 for applications like pipeline injection. Here, membrane technology emerges as a game-changer. Traditional methods vent the CO2-rich stream, wasting valuable methane and requiring additional systems to burn excess methane, further contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. Membrane technology disrupts this by achieving near-complete methane recovery (up to 100%). 𝗦𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗺𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄 𝗖𝗢𝟮 𝘁𝗼 𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗶𝗹𝘆, 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝘄𝗼 𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗺𝘀: Retentate: High-pressure, CH4-enriched stream, ready for use as clean, renewable gas. Permeate: CO2-rich stream, no longer waste. Captured CO2 becomes a valuable resource with applications in enhanced oil recovery, carbon sequestration, and beverage carbonation. By capturing CO2, membrane technology promotes a circular economy. 𝗕𝗲𝘆𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝗲𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝘆, 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗲𝗻𝘃𝗶𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝗯𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘁𝘀: Reduced Methane Emissions: Captures nearly all methane, significantly reducing its greenhouse gas impact. Energy-Efficient Process: Operates at ambient temperatures, requiring less energy compared to traditional methods. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗯𝗲𝗮𝘂𝘁𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗺𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗲 𝘁𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘆 𝗹𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗶𝘁𝘀 𝘀𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗲𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀: Chemical-Free Approach: Eliminates harsh chemicals, simplifying the process and reducing environmental risks. Continuous Operation: Maximizes productivity and minimizes downtime. Compact & Scalable Design: Offers a compact footprint and flexibility for capacity expansion. 𝐂𝐨𝐬𝐭-𝐄𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐒𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫 𝐎𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬: 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐬𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫 𝐛𝐢𝐨𝐠𝐚𝐬 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬. As the biogas industry surges, membrane technology presents a compelling path towards a sustainable future. By unlocking near-complete methane recovery, capturing valuable CO2, and offering a clean, efficient process, it's poised to revolutionize renewable gas production. #biogas #renewablegas #membranefiltration #cleantech #sustainability image source - pentair

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"Here comes the sun".. ☀️☀️☀️ This chart returns a useful image of progress in solar pv electricity and who is leading the race. China 🇨🇳 is by far the leader in developing and deploying solar, but the vertical rise is common to all key regions of the world. Even more interesting - and something that the chart does not show - is that in 2023 such trend has accelerated even further, with 420 GW of new solar pv capacity added globally, according to IEA data released in March. #China alone has deployed in one single year 260GW of solar pv... an astonishing number. To enjoy detailed numbers for all renewables worthy to look at IEA's Renewable Energy Progress Tracker - https://lnkd.in/eSZhPwuM #energy #data #sustainability #innovation #future

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🔋 “The Age of Battery”? 🔋 What happened in California 🇺🇸 is quite symbolic with battery storage for the first one being the largest source of supply in one of world’s largest grids. On the other hand there is a sort of alignment of stars for the battery sector: 👉 Costs of batteries have significantly plunged over the last year and all largest manufacturing companies signals a continuation of the trend 👉 Price of key metals for batteries have been declining significantly providing deflationary pressures   👉 A growing attention from multiple governments about importance of batteries both for EVs and for #power storage 👉 Demand is simply booming for EVs the sales have increased of almost 7 times in just few years; for power storage the growth trend is simply vertical 👉 #Innovation is going fast and faster, doing more with less as far as concerns traditional components, while new chemistries are tested and introduced into the market    Maybe the age of battery has definitely come… . #energy #power #mobility #electricvehicles #sustainability #jobs #future

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This week in your #FridayFix… 🛢️ TotalEnergies CEO Patrick Pouyanne was interviewed about the energy transitions in Bloomberg, and was revealing on the decisions that energy majors are having to make about their strategies and capital allocation. Pouyanne is optimistic about fossil fuel alternatives, which Total believes could account for 20% of its total energy sales by 2030. But the CEO stressed this transition can only happen if the company maintains a strong balance sheet – continuing to produce both fossil fuels and #cleanenergy until renewables can become cash-flow positive for the business (he estimates in 2028). Progress certainly, but too slow for most major projections modelling the routes to Net Zero... 👉 https://lnkd.in/euTpSscK   ⛑️ The Financial Times' new series ‘Health and Climate Change’ also caught our eye, highlighting important links between environment loss and spread of disease:   Studies continue to show that climate change is linked to negative health outcomes, including risking fuelling antibiotic-resistant ‘superbugs’ as higher temperatures, more flooding, rising pollution, and growing population crowding are all forecast to stoke bacterial resistance to existing drugs. #AMR (antimicrobial resistance) is a hot topic in the UN right now. 👉 https://lnkd.in/eMFKQcMa   Similarly, increasing #deforestation is a major driver of human infection and disease, opening paths for contamination to spread from animals to humans as they can spill over more easily – HIV, Zika, Sars, mpox and Ebola are some of the diseases that have emerged from tropical forests. 👉 https://lnkd.in/eDTVRTEn   🚜 And finally, on a lighter note, a new soil sensor said to be ‘revolutionising’ European agriculture has started UK trials. Measuring nutrient movement throughout the soil, the sensor helps growers make decisions about when to apply fertiliser, optimising nutrient uptake efficiency and increase profitability by reducing fertiliser use. 👉 https://lnkd.in/e7wgXFi4 #cleanenergytransition #climatechange #agriculture #ESG

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Switzerland is phasing out #nuclear and going full-steam on #solar + #storage (hydro dams) and #conservation. This 16 min. video shows how they're doing it. #Ontario and #Canada should follow its lead. #climate https://lnkd.in/gBDaP5Yv

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Return on Equity (ROE) in a hydrogen production project would assess how effectively the equity invested in the project is being utilized to generate profit specifically within the context of hydrogen production. Here's how you might calculate it: ROE = (Net Income / Equity) * 100 Where: Net Income is the profit generated from the hydrogen production project. Equity represents the investment made by shareholders. For a hydrogen production project, it would be the revenue generated from selling hydrogen minus the total costs incurred in producing it. Equity would typically include the initial investment made by shareholders, possibly adjusted for any additional investments or changes in equity over time. ROE is a valuable metric because it shows how efficiently the project is using the funds contributed by shareholders to generate profit. The expected time for achieving a desirable ROE can vary significantly based on several factors: 1. The size and capacity of the hydrogen production facility can impact the time it takes to achieve a target ROE. Larger-scale projects may take longer to reach profitability due to higher initial investment requirements, but can potentially generate higher returns over time. 2. The efficiency of the hydrogen production technology used in the project plays a crucial role. More advanced and efficient technologies may lead to quicker profitability by reducing production costs and improving output. 3. The demand for hydrogen and prevailing market prices greatly influence revenue generation. Projects operating in markets with high demand and favorable pricing conditions may achieve ROE targets more quickly than those in less favorable market conditions. 4. Controlling operating costs and overhead expenses is essential for achieving profitability. Efficient management of costs, including energy inputs, labor, maintenance, and transportation, can expedite the attainment of target ROE. 5. Government regulations, policies, and incentives related to hydrogen production can impact project economics. Subsidies, tax credits, and supportive regulatory frameworks can accelerate the path to profitability. 6. The project's financing structure, including debt and equity, impacts return expectations and timelines. Equity-financed projects may take longer to achieve target ROE but offer more stable long-term returns. 7. Risks like market volatility, technological risks, and regulatory changes can impact the timeline for achieving ROE targets, necessitating careful assessment and mitigation to manage expectations and achieve desired returns. Overall, while it's challenging to pinpoint an exact expectation time for achieving ROE in a hydrogen production project, careful consideration of these factors can help project stakeholders develop realistic timelines and strategies to maximize profitability. #keep_following_to_know 😊  #sustainable_business #sustainability_way #petrochemical_with_me

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Batteries 🔋 are the fastest growing #energy technology. Either for EVs or for power storage, the investment and deployment of batteries are growing vertically. As everything else in the energy world, there are a lot of commodities and natural resources behind each #technology. And batteries do not make an exception. This chart - taken from recently released IEA Battery Report - shows the level of concentration for extraction and refining of critical minerals that are indispensable for batteries. The level of market share of the top-three countries, rarely is lower than 75%, and often well in excess. Simply a fact.... that cannot be ignored... #sustainability #data #future #innovation #economy #money

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