Ernest Hemingway (July 21, 1899 – July 2, 1961) was an American novelist, short-story writer and journalist. Known for an economical, understated style that significantly influenced later 20th-century writers, he is often romanticized for his adventurous lifestyle, and outspoken and blunt public image. Most of Hemingway's works were published between the mid-1920s and mid-1950s; these included seven novels, six short-story collections and two non-fiction works. His debut novel The Sun Also Rises was published in 1926. His wartime experiences as an ambulance driver on the Italian Front in World War I formed the basis for his 1929 novel A Farewell to Arms, and he drew on his experience as a journalist in the Spanish Civil War for his 1940 novel For Whom the Bell Tolls. Hemingway was with Allied troops as a journalist at the Normandy landings and the liberation of Paris. He was awarded the 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature. (Full article...)

Women's 400 metres hurdles medallists at the 2024 EAC

• ... that Femke Bol won the women's 400 metres hurdles at the 2024 European Athletics Championships (medallists pictured) in a championship record of 52.49 seconds?
• ... that Steve Elcock's Symphony No. 6 is dedicated to "the everlasting execration of self-serving politicians, the obscenely rich and the system that allows them to remain so"?
• ... that to embody her role as a short-track speed skater in the movie Breaking Through, actress Meng Meiqi inserted a rock into one of her ice skates to feel real pain?
• ... that British physician James A. Glover found that "spacing-out" beds prevented epidemics of meningitis in the military during World War I?
• ... that a co-founder of Braver Angels designed their Red/Blue political depolarization workshops based on couples therapy?
• ... that the 1969 leadership election for the Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick was blacklisted by the American Federation of Musicians because one of the candidates was indebted to them?
• ... that American ornithologist Judy Kellogg Markowsky died after disappearing in the river that she worked to protect during her life?
• ... that the third Josef Hoop cabinet survived an attempted coup from a domestic Nazi party?
• ... that author Anna Smith Spark is also known as the "Queen of Grimdark"?

Nguyễn Phú Trọng

• General secretary and former president of Vietnam Nguyễn Phú Trọng (pictured) dies at the age of 80.
• The International Court of Justice finds the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories to be a violation of international law.
• A faulty software update by CrowdStrike, an American cybersecurity company, causes global computer outages.
• In the Rwandan general election, Paul Kagame is re-elected as the president, and the Rwandan Patriotic Front coalition win a majority in the lower house.

July 21: Belgian National Day (1831)

Depiction of the Ciompi Revolt

• 625 – Paulinus was consecrated as the first bishop of York by Justus, the archbishop of Canterbury.
• 1378 – Unrepresented labourers revolted and violently took over the government of the Republic of Florence (depicted), demanding that they be granted political office.
• 1946 – After weeks of unrest, rioters lynched Bolivian president Gualberto Villarroel, desecrating and hanging his corpse in the streets of La Paz.
• 1959 – The inaugural International Mathematical Olympiad, the leading mathematical competition for pre-university students, began in Romania.
• 1977 – Libyan forces carried out a raid at Sallum, sparking a four-day war with Egypt.