User:MaricaBog/sandbox
Мобилни претраживач, такође зван микро претраживач, мини претраживач, или бежични интернет претраживач (WIB), је веб претраживач дизајниран за употребу на мобилним уређајима као што су мобилни телефон или PDA. Мобилни претраживачи су оптимизовани тако да на најефикаснији начин прикажу Веб садржај на малим екранима преносивих уређаја. Софтвер мобилних претраживача мора да буде мали и ефикасан да би се прилагодио ниском капацитету меморије и ниско-пропусном опсегу бежичних ручних уређаја. !!! Typically they were stripped-down web browsers,али од 2006 неки мобилни претраживачи могу да подрже новије технологије као што су CSS 2.1, JavaScript, и Ajax.
Веб-сајтови дизајнирани за приступ преко ових претраживача се називају бежични портали [1] или колективно Moбилни Веб. Они могу аутоматски да направе "мобилну" верзију од сваке стране, на пример ову.
Основи технологије
[edit]Мобилни претраживачи се обично конектују преко мобилне мреже, или преко Бежичног ЛАН-а, користећи HTTP преко TCP/IP и приказују веб стране писане у HTML-у, HTML Мобилном Профилу (WAP 2.0), или WML (који је еволуирао од HDML-а). WML и HDML !!!!! формати погодни за пренос преко ограниченог пропусног опсега, и бежична веза података звана WAP. У Jапану, DoCoMo је дефинисао и-режим заснован на и-режиму HTML-а, који је наставак од Компактног HTML-а(C-HTML), једноставног подскупа HTML-а.
WAP 2.0 прецизира XHTML Мобилни Профил плус WAP CSS, подгрупе W3C-а стандардног XHTML-а и CSS-а са мањим мобилним екстензијама.
Новији мобилни претраживачи су потпуно функционални Веб прегледачи подобни за HTML, CSS, ECMAScript, као и мобилне технологије као што су WML, и-режим HTML-а, или C-HTML.
Да би се прилагодили малом екрану, они користе Post-WIMP интерфејс.
Историја
[edit]Први мобилни претраживач за PDA је био Џепни Веб [2][3] за Apple Newton креиран у TecO-у 1994 године, затим први комерцијални производ NetHopper објављен у Августу 1996 године. [4]
Такозване "microbrowser" технологије као што су WAP, NTTDocomo-ова и-режим платформа и Openwave-ова HDML платформа су подстакле први талас интересовања за бежични пренос података.
Почетак развијања мобилних претраживача на мобилним телефонима је вероватно био 1997 године када је Unwired Planet (касније Openwave) поставио њихов "UP.Browser" на AT&T телефон да би омогућили корисницима приступ до HDML садржаја. [5][6]
Британска компанија STNC Ltd. је развила мобилни претраживач (HitchHiker) 1997 године који је требало да представи цео интерфејс уређаја. Демонстративна платформа за тај мобилни претраживач (Webwalker) је имала 1 МИПС тоталне процесорске снаге. This was a single core platform, running the GSM stack on the same processor as the application stack. In 1999 STNC was acquired by Microsoft[7] and HitchHiker became Microsoft Mobile Explorer 2.0,[8] not related to the primitive Microsoft Mobile Explorer 1.0. HitchHiker is believed to be the first mobile browser with a unified rendering model, handling HTML and WAP along with ECMAScript, WMLScript, POP3 and IMAP mail in a single client. Although it was not used, it was possible to combine HTML and WAP in the same pages although this would render the pages invalid for any other device. Mobile Explorer 2.0 was available on the Benefon Q, Sony CMD-Z5, CMD-J5, CMD-MZ5, CMD-J6, CMD-Z7, CMD-J7 and CMD-J70. With the addition of a messaging kernel and a driver model, this was powerful enough to be the operating system for certain embedded devices. One such device was the Amstrad e-m@iler and e-m@iler 2. This code formed the basis for MME3.
Multiple companies offered browsers for the Palm OS platform. The first HTML browser for Palm OS 1.0 was HandWeb by Smartcode software, released in 1997. HandWeb included its own TCP/IP stack, and Smartcode was acquired by Palm in 1999. mobile browsers for the Palm OS platform multiplied after the release of Palm OS 2.0, which included a TCP/IP stack. A freeware (although later shareware) browser for the Palm OS was Palmscape, written in 1998 by Kazuho Oku in Japan, who went on to found Ilinx. Still in limited use as late as 2003. Qualcomm also developed the Eudora Web browser, and launched it with the Palm OS based QCP smartphone. ProxiWeb[9] was a proxy-based Web browsing solution, developed by Ian Goldberg and others[10] at the University of California Berkeley and later acquired by PumaTech.
Released in 2001, Mobile Explorer 3.0 added iMode compatibility (cHTML) plus numerous proprietary schemes.[11] By imaginatively combining these proprietary schemes with WAP protocols, MME3.0 implemented OTA database synchronisation, push email, push information clients (not unlike a 'Today Screen') and PIM functionality. The cancelled Sony Ericsson CMD-Z700 was to feature heavy integration with MME3.0. Although Mobile Explorer was ahead of its time in the mobile phone space, development was stopped in 2002.
Also in 2002, Palm, Inc. offered Web Pro on Tungsten PDAs based upon a Novarra browser. PalmSource offered a competing Web browser based on Access Netfront.
Opera Software pioneered with its Small Screen Rendering (SSR) and Medium Screen Rendering (MSR) technology. The Opera web browser is able to reformat regular web pages for optimal fit on small screens and medium-sized (PDA) screens. It was also the first widely available mobile browser to support Ajax and the first mobile browser to pass ACID2 test.[1]
Distinct from a mobile browser is a web-based emulator, which uses a "Virtual Handset" to display WAP pages on a computer screen, implemented either in Java or as an HTML transcoder.
Популарни мобилни претраживачи
[edit]Следе неки популарнији мобилни претраживачи. Неки мобилни претраживачи су заиста минијатурни Веб прегледачи, тако да неки мобилни провајдери такође обезбеђују прегледаче за десктоп и лаптоп рачунаре.
| Извор | Android Browser |
Chrome | Internet Explorer |
Safari | Opera Mini |
Други |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NetApplications | 22.77% | 16.67% | 2.01% | 47.06% | 7.82% | 4.69% |
Уобичајени претраживачи коришћени претежно на мобилним телефонима и PDA продаваца!!!!!!
[edit]| Претраживач | Творац | ФОСС | Тренутни layout engine | Софтвер лиценца | Белешке |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Silk | Amazon.com | Some | Blink | proprietary and LGPL | Uses split architecture whereby some processing is performed on Amazon's servers |
| Android browser | Yes | WebKit | BSD and LGPL | Browser included with Android versions 1.5 to 4.1 | |
| BlackBerry Browser | Research in Motion | Some | Mango (ver 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 5.0) Webkit (ver 6.0+) |
proprietary and LGPL | - |
| Blazer | Palm | No | NetFront[12] | proprietary | installed on all newer Palm Treos and PDAs |
| Chrome | Some | WebKit, Blink(28+) | Freeware under Google Chrome Terms of Service, but uses components from the Chromium (web browser) Project.[13] | Installed as default on Google devices shipping with Android (4.2+ or higher) | |
| Dolphin Browser | MoboTap | No | WebKit | installed on all Bada | |
| Firefox for mobile | Mozilla | Yes | Gecko | MPL | Currently released for Android and Nokia Maemo devices |
| Internet Explorer Mobile | Microsoft | No | Trident | proprietary | on Windows Phone and Windows Mobile only |
| Iris Browser | Torch Mobile | Some | WebKit | proprietary and LGPL | Acquired by Research in Motion - No longer supports Windows Mobile or Linux |
| Kindle Basic Web | Amazon.com | No | NetFront | proprietary | Labeled "experimental" |
| Myriad Browser | Myriad Group | Some | Magellan (ver. 6.X) Fugu (ver 7.X) WebKit (ver 9)[14] |
proprietary and LGPL | Acquired from Openwave in 2008 |
| NetFront | ACCESS Co., Ltd. | No | NetFront | proprietary | - |
| Nokia Series 40 Browser | Nokia | Some | WebKit[15] | proprietary and LGPL | - |
| Obigo Browser | Obigo AB | Some | WebKit (to be released) | proprietary and LGPL | 100% owned by Teleca AB |
| Opera Mobile | Opera Software | No | Presto, Blink(15+) | proprietary | Capable of reading HTML and reformat for small screens, installed on many phones |
| PlayStation Portable web browser | Sony | No | NetFront | proprietary | - |
| Polaris Browser | Infraware Inc. | Some | Lumi (Ver. 6.X) WebKit (Ver. 7.X) |
proprietary and LGPL | Nokia, Samsung, LG Electronics, KYOCERA and other Smartphone and cellular phone in USA, China, Korea, etc. |
| S60 web browser | Nokia | Yes | WebKit | LGPL | on S60 phones (predominantly Nokia) |
| Safari | Apple Inc. | Some | WebKit (WebCore) | proprietary and LGPL[16] | on iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad |
| Skyfire Mobile Browser | Skyfire | Some | WebKit | proprietary and LGPL | Renders Flash 10, Ajax and Silverlight content. Currently supports iOS and Android. |
| uZard Web | Logicplant Co., Ltd. | No | MoRDAC (Mobile oriented Remote Display and Control) | proprietary | on Samsung, LG Electronics and other smartphones and cellular phones in Korea |
| WebOS Browser | Some | WebKit | proprietary and LGPL | - | |
| Прегледач | Творац | ФОСС | Тренутни layout engine | Софтвер лиценца | Белешке |
User-installable mobile browsers
[edit]| Претраживач | Творац | Тренутни layout engine | Платформе | Софтвер лиценце | Белешке |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BOLT browser | Bitstream Inc. | WebKit | Java ME, BlackBerry | Proprietary | Discontinued December 2011 |
| Chrome | WebKit, Blink | Android, iOS | Freeware under Google Chrome Terms of Service | ||
| UC Browser | UC Mobile | U3 (based on Webkit) | S60, Java ME, Android, iOS, Windows Mobile, Bada | Proprietary Freeware | Proxy-rendering in Java and Symbian. U3 engine in Android. |
| Classilla | Cameron Kaiser | Clecko a modififed Gecko | Mac OS 8.6, Mac OS 9 | MPL/GPL/LGPL | Although desktop, uses a mobile user agent by default due to the older machines it services. |
| Deepfish | Microsoft | Windows Mobile | Proprietary | Proxy-rendering browser (Discontinued) | |
| Dolphin Browser | MoboTap | WebKit | Android, iOS | ||
| Firefox for mobile | Mozilla Foundation | Gecko | Maemo, Android | MPL | |
| ibisBrowser | ibis inc. | Java enabled phones, Windows Mobile | |||
| Links | Twibright Labs | PlayStation Portable | GPL | Unofficial port, requires custom firmware | |
| Mercury Browser | iLegendSoft, Inc. | Android, iOS | Freeware | ||
| Minimo | Mozilla Foundation | Gecko | Linux, Windows CE | MPL/GPL/LGPL | Discontinued |
| NetFront | ACCESS Co., Ltd. | NetFront, WebKit | Linux, S60, BREW, Android, Windows Mobile, Others | Proprietary | |
| Opera Mini | Opera Software | Presto | Java ME, Android, Windows Mobile, iOS, BlackBerry, S60, Others | Proprietary | Supports most features of stand-alone Opera, but can run on less capable phones by offloading memory-intensive rendering to proxy server (based on Opera Mobile running on a server) |
| Opera Mobile | Opera Software | Presto, Blink | Android, Maemo, BREW, S60, Windows Mobile | From version 14 it is based on Chromium. | |
| Pixo | Sun Microsystems | ||||
| Skweezer | |||||
| Skyfire | Skyfire Labs, Inc. | WebKit (ver 2.x+), Gecko (ver 1.x) | Android, iOS | Supports Flash and Ajax. As of 2010-12-31, it no longer supports Symbian OS or Windows Mobile | |
| Sleipnir | Fenrir Inc | WebKit | Android, iOS, Windows Mobile | ||
| Steel | WebKit | Android | Discontinued | ||
| Teashark | Java ME | Proprietary Freeware | |||
| Tristit | Java enabled phones, BlackBerry | ||||
| Vision Mobile Browser | Novarra | Java ME, BREW | Proprietary | ||
| WinWAP | Winwap Technologies | Windows Mobile | Proprietary | ||
| Browser | Creator | Current layout engine | Platforms | Software license | Notes |
Мобилни HTML транскодер
[edit]Mobile transcoders reformat and compress web content for mobile devices and must be used in conjunction with built-in or user-installed mobile browsers. The following are several leading mobile transcoding services.
- Openwave Web Adapter - used by Vodacom
- Vision Mobile Server
- Skweezer - used by Orange, Etisalat, JumpTap, Medio, Miva, and others
- Teashark
- Opera Mini
Видите још
[edit]- Browser wars
- i-mode
- Information appliance
- Mobile Web
- Mobile content
- Mobile device detection
- Usage share of web browsers
- User agent
Референце
[edit]- ^ "Wireless portal Definition from PC Magazine Encyclopedia". Pcmag.com. 1994-12-01. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
- ^ Gessler, S., Kotulla, A., "PDAs as mobile WWW browsers." Proc. of Mosaic and the Web Conference, Chicago, October 1994.
- ^ Markus Lauff, Hans-Werner Gellersen, "Multimedia client implementation on Personal Digital Assistants", Interactive Distributed Multimedia Systems and Telecommunication Services, 1997
- ^ "NetHopper 2.0 First true web browser for Newton". PenComputing Magazine. 2006. Retrieved October 13, 2009.
- ^ "About Openwave". Openwave. 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ "The Weather Underground brings weather service to mobile phone user". The Weather Underground. 1997. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
- ^ "Microsoft Acquires STNC, a Leader in Digital Cellular Software" (Press release). Microsoft. 21 July 1999. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
- ^ "Microsoft Introduces Microsoft Mobile Explorer" (Press release). Microsoft. 8 December 1999. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
- ^ Experience With Top Gun Wingman: A Proxy-Based Graphical Web Browser for the 3Com PalmPilot
- ^ About Top Gun Wingman
- ^ "Microsoft Mobile Explorer 3.0 Provides Tomorrow's WAP 2.0 Functionality Today" (Press release). Microsoft. 19 February 2001. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
- ^ "palmOne Selects ACCESS NetFront Browser Engine to Power New Blazer 4.0 Mobile Browser, Expand Collaboration". ACCESS Co., Ltd. 2004-12-08. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ "FAQ - Google Chrome". Retrieved 7 May 2014.
- ^ "Myriad -Mobile browsers". Myriad Group. 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
- ^ "Series 40 Platform". Forum Nokia. 2010-06-04. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
- ^ iOS Source Licenses
Спољашње везе
[edit]- W3C Mobile Web Initiative — “The Mobile Web Initiative's goal is to make browsing the Web from mobile devices a reality”, explains Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director and inventor of the Web.
- Compact HTML for Small Information Appliances — W3C NOTE 9 February 1998
- Open Mobile Alliance
- Blackberry Browser Developer site