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List of premiers of Newfoundland and Labrador

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Flag of Newfoundland and Labrador

The premier of Newfoundland and Labrador is current title of the first minister for the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, which was at certain points in its history a colony, dominion, and province. The province had a system of responsible government from 1855 to 1934, and again since 1949. Newfoundland became a British crown colony in 1855, in 1907 it became a dominion, and in 1949, it became a province and joined Canadian Confederation. Since then, the province has been a part of the Canadian federation and has kept its own legislature to deal with provincial matters. The province was named Newfoundland and Labrador on April 1, 1949 .[1]

The province has a unicameral Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which the premier is the leader of the party that controls the most seats in the House of Assembly. The premier is Newfoundland and Labrador's head of government, and the king of Canada is its head of state and is represented by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador. The premier picks a cabinet from the elected members to form the Executive Council of Newfoundland and Labrador, and presides over that body. Members are first elected to the House during general elections. General elections must be conducted every four years from the date of the last election. An election may also take place if the governing party loses the confidence of the legislature by the defeat of a supply bill or tabling of a confidence motion.[2]

From 1855 to 1907, the position of first minister was known as premier. After the colony was granted dominion status, the position became known as prime minister.[3] Democratic government was suspended in 1934 and replaced by an appointed Commission of Government, until 1949 Newfoundland became a province of Canada. Since the reinstitution of democratic government in 1949, the title of first minister has been premier.[4]

Since 1855, Newfoundland and Labrador has been led by ten Colonial premiers, nine Dominion prime ministers, three chairmen of Commission of Government, and fourteen provincial premiers. Of the provincial premiers, seven are from the Liberal Party, and seven are from the Progressive Conservative Party.

Premiers of the Newfoundland Colony (1855–1907)

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Dominion Prime Ministers of Newfoundland (1907–1934)

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By Royal Proclamation, the colony was granted dominion status on 26 September 1907 becoming the Dominion of Newfoundland with its head of government being given the title Prime Minister of the Dominion of Newfoundland.[18]

Chairmen of the Commission of Government (1934–1949)

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With the suspension of responsible government the dominion was administered by the Commission of Government, from 1934 to 1949. It was a body of seven appointed by the British government, made up of three British officials, three Newfoundlanders, and chaired by the Governor of Newfoundland.[31]

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
District
Term of office
1
Admiral Sir David Murray Anderson
(1874–1936)
16 February
1934[29]
October
1935[32]
2
Vice-Admiral Sir Humphrey T. Walwyn
(1879–1957)
February
1936[33]
16 January
1946[32]
3
Gordon MacDonald
(1888–1966)
16 January
1946[32]
1 April
1949[32]

Premiers of the Provinces of Newfoundland (1949–2001) and Newfoundland and Labrador (2001–present)

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See also

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References

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General
  • "General Election Statistics". Elections Newfoundland and Labrador. Archived from the original on September 26, 2008. Retrieved November 8, 2008.
  • "Journal of the House of Assembly of Newfoundland". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
Specific
  1. ^ "Newfoundland". Library and Archives Canada. 2 May 2005. Archived from the original on 8 June 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
  2. ^ "History of the House of Assembly". Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. Retrieved November 12, 2008.
  3. ^ "Colonial Governors, 1855-1933". Memorial University of Newfoundland. Retrieved November 12, 2008.
  4. ^ "Lieutenant-Governors, 1949-Present". Memorial University of Newfoundland. Retrieved November 12, 2008.
  5. ^ Tapin, Glen W. (1970). Canadian Chronology. Scarecrow Press. p. 149.
  6. ^ "Little, Philip Francis" (PDF). Public Archives of Canada. 1956. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
  7. ^ Waite, P. B. (1972). "Kent, John". In Hayne, David (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. X (1871–1880) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  8. ^ "Biography – HOYLES, Sir HUGH WILLIAM – Volume XI (1881-1890) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography".
  9. ^ "CARTER, Sir FREDERIC BOWKER TERRINGTON". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. University of Toronto/Université Laval. Retrieved January 31, 2016.
  10. ^ Hiller, James K. (1982). "Bennett, Charles James Fox". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XI (1881–1890) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  11. ^ Hiller, J.K. (1990). "Carter, Sir Frederic Bowker Terrington". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XII (1891–1900) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
  12. ^ a b c d Hiller, J.K. (1994). "Whiteway, Sir William Vallance". In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XIII (1901–1910) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  13. ^ Hiller, J. K. (1994). "Thorburn, Sir Robert". In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XIII (1901–1910) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  14. ^ Pitt, Robert D. "Augustus F. Goodridge". The Canadian Encyclopedia.
  15. ^ Pitt, Robert D. "Daniel Joseph Greene". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  16. ^ Hiller, James K. (1998). "Winter, Sir James Spearman". In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XIV (1911–1920) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  17. ^ Baker, Melvin; Neary, Peter (2005). "Bond, Sir Robert". In Cook, Ramsay; Bélanger, Réal (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XV (1921–1930) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  18. ^ "From 'Colony of Newfoundland' to the 'Dominion of Newfoundland'". Archival Moments. Archived from the original on April 25, 2016. Retrieved January 31, 2016.
  19. ^ From ‘Colony of Newfoundland’ to the ‘Dominion of Newfoundland’ | Archival Moments Archived 2016-04-25 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ^ a b "Bond, Robert". Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador. p. 221.
  21. ^ "Morris, Edward Patrick". Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador. pp. 622–24.
  22. ^ Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, volume 3 [Extract: letter L] :: Centre for Newfoundland Studies
  23. ^ "CASHIN, Sir MICHAEL PATRICK". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. University of Toronto/Université Laval. Retrieved January 31, 2016.
  24. ^ a b c "SQUIRES, Sir RICHARD ANDERSON". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. University of Toronto/Université Laval. Retrieved January 31, 2016.
  25. ^ "Sir Richard Anderson Squires". Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  26. ^ "Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, volume 5 [Extract: letter W] :: Centre for Newfoundland Studies - Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador". collections.mun.ca.
  27. ^ Pitt, Robert. "William Robertson Warren". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  28. ^ a b "Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, volume 2 [Extract: letter Hac-Hoy] :: Centre for Newfoundland Studies - Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador". collections.mun.ca.
  29. ^ a b c d e "Hon. F.C. Alderdice dead in St. John's". The Gazette. February 27, 1936. Retrieved May 21, 2013.
  30. ^ "Frederick Charles Alderdice". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  31. ^ "Commission Governors, 1934-1948". Memorial University of Newfoundland. Retrieved 12 November 2008.
  32. ^ a b c d "The British Empire, Imperialism, Colonialism, Colonies". www.britishempire.co.uk.
  33. ^ "Walwyn, Sir Humphrey Thomas (1879-1957)". www.heritage.nf.ca.
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Newfoundland and Labrador". Parliamentary website. Library of Parliament. Retrieved May 24, 2013.
  35. ^ a b "N.L. Premier Danny Williams to leave Dec. 3". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. November 26, 2010. Retrieved July 26, 2011.
  36. ^ "Kathy Dunderdale sworn in as N.L. Premier". CTV News. December 3, 2010. Retrieved March 19, 2011.
  37. ^ "Tom Marshall sworn in as 11th premier". CBC News. 24 January 2014. Retrieved 25 January 2014.
  38. ^ a b "Davis to be sworn-in as premier Friday". The Aurora. 25 September 2014. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  39. ^ "Dunderdale takes risk with Harper pledge". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. April 4, 2011. Retrieved July 26, 2011.