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Ilha Grande mangroves

Coordinates: 23°36′S 45°45′W / 23.6°S 45.75°W / -23.6; -45.75
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ilha Grande mangroves
Bertioga, Brazil
Ecoregion territory (in purple)
Ecology
RealmNeotropic
BiomeMangroves
Geography
Area3,108 km2 (1,200 sq mi)
CountryBrazil
Coordinates23°36′S 45°45′W / 23.6°S 45.75°W / -23.6; -45.75

The Ilha Grande mangroves ecoregion (WWF ID: NT1415) covers a series of disconnected salt-water and brackish mangrove forests along the southeastern coast of Brazil on the South Atlantic Ocean. The ecoregion is defined as covering the mangroves found between the Paraíba do Sul River in the north to Florianópolis in the south. This coastal region is the most densely population region of Brazil, and many of the mangroves are in close proximity to ports and industrial cities. A number of ecological reserves have been established to protect the high biodiversity of the mangroves, recognizing their importance to migratory birds, and as nursery habitat for juvenile fish, crabs, shrimp, and mollusks.[1][2] [3]

Location and description

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The ecoregion's mangroves exist in isolated sites, generally at river deltas or around protected bays or lagoons. Significant sites include:

Climate

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The climate of the ecoregion is Humid continental climate, warm wet summer (Köppen climate classification (Cfa)). This climate is characterized by large seasonal temperature differentials. No month averages below 0 °C (32 °F), at least one month averages above 22 °C (72 °F), and four months average over 10 °C (50 °F). In this ecoregion, average annual temperatures range form 15 to 24 degrees C.[5][6] Precipitation is relatively even throughout the year, and averages 1,500 - 2,500 mm/year.[1]

Flora and fauna

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Characteristic tree species for the ecoregion's mangroves are Avicennia schaueriana, white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa), and red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle).[3]

The critically endangered Superagüi lion tamarin (Leontopithecus caissara) lives in the ecoregion, primarily in Superagui National Park.

Protected areas

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Officially protected areas in the ecoregion include:

References

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  1. ^ a b "Ilha Grande mangroves". World Wildlife Federation. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
  2. ^ "Map of Ecoregions 2017". Resolve, using WWF data. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Ilha Grande mangroves". The Encyclopedia of Earth. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
  4. ^ "Environmental Protection Area of Cananéia-Iguape-Peruíbe". RAMSAR Sites Information Service. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  5. ^ Kottek, M.; Grieser, J.; Beck, C.; Rudolf, B.; Rubel, F. (2006). "World Map of Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Updated" (PDF). Gebrüder Borntraeger 2006. Retrieved September 14, 2019.
  6. ^ "Dataset - Koppen climate classifications". World Bank. Retrieved September 14, 2019.