Your search for: 'author:("for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative")' has returned 203 results. (0.369s) Save search

Authors: Nudelman, Kelly N.H. | Lin, Jue | Lane, Kathleen A. | Nho, Kwangsik | Kim, Sungeun | Faber, Kelley M. | Risacher, Shannon L. | Foroud, Tatiana M. | Gao, Sujuan | Davis, Justin W. | Weiner, Michael W. | Saykin, Andrew J. | for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Although shorter telomeres have been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), it is unclear whether longitudinal change in telomere length is associated with AD progression. Objective: To investigate the association of telomere length change with AD diagnosis and progression. Methods: In 653 individuals from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort, T/S ratio (telomere versus single copy gene), a proxy of telomere length, was measured for up to five visits per participant (N = 1918 samples post-QC) using quantitative PCR (qPCR). T/S ratio was adjusted for batch effects and DNA storage time. A mixed effects model was used to evaluate association of …telomere length with AD diagnostic group and interaction of age and diagnosis. Another mixed effects model was used to compare T/S ratio changes pre- to post-conversion to MCI or AD to telomere change in participants with stable diagnoses. Results: Shorter telomeres were associated with older age (Effect Size (ES) = –0.23) and male sex (ES = –0.26). Neither baseline T/S ratio (ES = –0.036) nor T/S ratio change (ES = 0.046) differed significantly between AD diagnostic groups. MCI/AD converters showed greater, but non-significant, telomere shortening compared to non-converters (ES = –0.186). Conclusions: Although AD compared to controls showed small, non-significant effects for baseline T/S ratio and T/S ratio shortening, we did observe a larger, though still non-significant effect for greater telomere shortening in converters compared to non-converters. Although our results do not support telomere shortening as a robust biomarker of AD progression, further investigation in larger samples and for subgroups of participants may be informative. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, longitudinal, progression, shortening, telomere

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-190010

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 33-43, 2019

Authors: Dunk, Michelle M. | Driscoll, Ira | for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: APOE ɛ 4 allele confers greatest genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet mechanisms underlying this risk remain elusive. APOE is involved in lipid metabolism, and literature suggest relationships between high total cholesterol, APOE , and AD. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the potential role of total cholesterol in AD risk. Objective: To investigate the relationship between total cholesterol and APOE -related AD risk in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Methods: Participants (N  = 1,534) were classified as controls (cognitively normal; N  = 404), early mild cognitive impairment (MCI; N  = 294), late MCI (N  = 539), or AD (N  = 297). Total …cholesterol levels were compared across APOE genotype and diagnosis. Mendelian randomization was performed to examine causality between total cholesterol and AD risk using APOE as a genetic instrument. Results: Total cholesterol was higher in APOE4 + compared to APOE3 and APOE2+ (p s < 0.04) carriers. Those with AD and late MCI (p s < 0.001) had higher total cholesterol than the control group. Comparing APOE4 + to APOE3 carriers, the predicted odds ratios per mg/dL greater total cholesterol were 1.11 for MCI (95% confidence interval, 1.04–7.32), 1.05 for early MCI (1.01–3.22), 1.13 for late MCI (1.05–11.70), 1.21 for AD (1.09–54.05), and 1.13 for composite dementia (MCI or AD; 1.06–11.59) (p s < 0.05, F-statistics > 10). Conclusion: Higher total cholesterol may be a significant contributor to AD risk, particularly in APOE4 carriers who, based on existing literature, tend to have impaired cholesterol metabolism. Our findings highlight a possible mechanism by which APOE confers AD risk and indicate potential for AD risk modification through maintenance of healthy total cholesterol levels. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, apolipoprotein E4, cholesterol, dementia, lipid metabolism

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-215091

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 85, no. 4, pp. 1519-1528, 2022

Authors: Fowler, Mackenzie E. | Triebel, Kristen L. | Cutter, Gary R. | Schneider, Lon S. | Kennedy, Richard E. | for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Cross-sectional studies suggest self-reported cancer history is associated with decreased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, little is known about how self-reported cancer affects longitudinal AD progression, the primary outcome in clinical trials and observational studies. Objective: To determine self-reported cancer history’s effect on longitudinal AD progression in an observational study. Methods: We utilized data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) to evaluate progression to AD by self-reported all-cancer, breast, prostate, colorectal, or non-melanoma skin cancer history. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine baseline differences and rates of progression on the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale …(ADAS-Cog) by self-reported cancer history. Age at AD onset was examined using consensus clinical diagnoses with Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Among 1,271 participants, models revealed no significant differences in progression over time but did reveal significantly lower baseline ADAS-Cog score, indicating better cognition at a given age in those with self-reported cancer history. Cox models indicated those with self-reported cancer history had significantly later age of AD onset (HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.53–0.85) after adjustment for covariates. Conclusion: Participants with self-reported cancer history entered ADNI with better cognition and later age of AD onset, but progressed similarly to participants without such history, indicating differences in AD between those with and without self-reported cancer history emerge early in the disease course. Such differences in longitudinal progression by self-reported cancer history could affect AD trials and observational studies, given the current focus on early disease course. Further investigation is warranted with detailed longitudinal assessment of cancer and AD. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, cognitive impairment, disease progression, mild cognitive impairment

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-200108

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 691-701, 2020

Authors: Spencer, Barbara E. | Jennings, Robin G. | Brewer, James B. | for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Biomarkers may soon be used to predict decline in older individuals. Extended follow-up studies are needed to determine the stability of such biomarker-based predictions. Objective: To examine the long-term performance of baseline cognitive, neuroimaging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker-assisted prognoses in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: Established, biomarker-defined cohorts of subjects with mild cognitive impairment were examined for progression to dementia. Subjects with a baseline volumetric magnetic resonance imaging, lumbar puncture, and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test were included. Dementia-free survival time in each biomarker-defined risk group was determined with Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The influence of each risk …factor or combination of factors on dementia-free survival was examined with Cox proportional hazard analyses. Results: 185 subjects were followed longitudinally for a mean (SD) 4.3 (2.8) years. 59% of participants converted within the follow-up period and the median dementia-free survival time was 2.8 years. Each individual risk factor predicted conversion to dementia (HR 1.9–3.7). The joint presence of any two risk factors increased risk for conversion (HR 7.1–11.0), with the presence of medial temporal atrophy and memory impairment showing the greatest risk for decline. Concordant atrophy, memory impairment, and abnormal CSF amyloid and tau was associated with the highest risk for conversion (HR 15.1). The presence of medial temporal atrophy was associated with the shortest dementia-free survival time, both alone and in combination with memory impairment, abnormal CSF amyloid and tau, or both. Conclusion: These results suggest that baseline biomarker-assisted predictions of decline to dementia are stable over the long term, and that combinations of complementary biomarkers can improve the accuracy of these predictions. Show more

Keywords: Biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid, dementia, magnetic resonance imaging, mild cognitive impairment, prognosis, rey auditory verbal learning test

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-181243

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 1549-1559, 2019

Authors: Savage, Mary J. | Holder, Daniel J. | Wu, Guoxin | Kaplow, June | Siuciak, Judith A. | Potter, William Z. | the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Biomarkers Consortium CSF Proteomics Project Team for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) plays an important role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), freeing the amyloid-β (Aβ) N-terminus from the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), the first step in Aβ formation. Increased BACE1 activity in AD brain or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been reported. Other studies, however, found either no change or a decrease with AD diagnosis in either BACE1 activity or sAβPPβ, the N-terminal secreted product of BACE1 (sBACE1) activity on AβPP. Here, sBACE1 enzymatic activity and secreted AβPPβ (sAβPPβ) were measured in Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-1 (ADNI-1) baseline CSF samples and no statistically significant …changes were found in either measure comparing healthy control, mild cognitively impaired, or AD individual samples. While CSF sBACE1 activity and sAβPPβ demonstrated a moderate yet significant degree of correlation with each other, there was no correlation of either analyte to CSF Aβ peptide ending at residue 42. Surprisingly, a stronger correlation was demonstrated between CSF sBACE1 activity and tau, which was comparable to that between CSF Aβ42 and tau. Unlike for these latter two analytes, receiver-operator characteristic curves demonstrate that neither CSF sBACE1 activity nor sAβPPβ concentrations can be used to differentiate between healthy elderly and AD individuals. Show more

Keywords: ADNI, Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid-β, amyloid-β protein precursor, BACE1, cerebrospinal fluid, ELISA, mild cognitive impairment, sAβPPβ, sBACE1, secretase

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-142778

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 431-440, 2015

Authors: Camargo, Aldo | Wang, Ze | for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Cross-sectional studies have shown lower cerebral blood flow (CBF) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but longitudinal CBF changes in AD are still unknown. Objective: To reveal the longitudinal CBF changes in normal control (NC) and the AD continuum using arterial spin labeling perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (ASL MRI). Methods: CBF was calculated from two longitudinal ASL scans acquired 2.22±1.43 years apart from 140 subjects from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). At the baseline scan, the cohort contained 41 NC, 74 mild cognitive impairment patients (MCI), and 25 AD patients. 21 NC converted into MCI and 17 MCI converted into …AD at the follow-up. Longitudinal CBF changes were assessed using paired-t test for non-converters and converters separately at each voxel and in the meta-ROI. Age and sex were used as covariates. Results: CBF reductions were observed in all subjects. Stable NC (n  = 20) showed CBF reduction in the hippocampus and precuneus. Stable MCI patients (n  = 57) showed spatially more extended CBF reduction patterns in hippocampus, middle temporal lobe, ventral striatum, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum. NC-MCI converters showed CBF reduction in hippocampus and cerebellum and CBF increase in caudate. MCI-AD converters showed CBF reduction in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. CBF changes were not related with longitudinal neurocognitive changes. Conclusion: Normal aging and AD continuum showed common longitudinal CBF reductions in hippocampus independent of disease and its conversion. Disease conversion independent longitudinal CBF reductions escalated in MCI subjects. Show more

Keywords: Aging, Alzheimer’s disease, arterial spin labeling, cerebral blood flow, longitudinal analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-210116

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 1727-1735, 2021

Authors: Elshatoury, Heba | Avots, Egils | Anbarjafari, Gholamreza | for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this research work, machine learning techniques are used to classify magnetic resonance imaging brain scans of people with Alzheimer’s disease. This work deals with binary classification between Alzheimer’s disease and cognitively normal. Supervised learning algorithms were used to train classifiers in which the accuracies are being compared. The database used is from The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Histogram is used for all slices of all images. Based on the highest performance, specific slices were selected for further examination. Majority voting and weighted voting is applied in which the accuracy is calculated and the best result is 69.5% for …majority voting. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, computer vision, feature extraction, individual grey matter, machine learning, magnetic resonance imaging

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-190704

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 72, no. 2, pp. 515-524, 2019

Authors: Glozman, Tanya | Solomon, Justin | Pestilli, Franco | Guibas, Leonidas | for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We describe a fully automatic framework for classification of two types of dementia based on the differences in the shape of brain structures. We consider Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment of individuals who converted to AD within 18 months (MCIc), and normal controls (NC). Our approach uses statistical learning and a feature space consisting of projection-based shape descriptors, allowing for canonical representation of brain regions. Our framework automatically identifies the structures most affected by the disease. We evaluate our results by comparing to other methods using a standardized data set of 375 adults available from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging …Initiative (ADNI). Our framework is sensitive to identifying the onset of Alzheimer’s disease, achieving up to 88.13% accuracy in classifying MCIc versus NC, outperforming previous methods. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, classification, mild cognitive impairment, shape descriptors, support vector machine

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-160900

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 287-295, 2017

Authors: Schmand, Ben | Eikelenboom, Piet | van Gool, Willem A. | for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Using the database of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, we examined the value of neuropsychological assessment, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, and FDG-PET scanning with respect to prediction of conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD). We tested the hypothesis that CSF biomarkers and FDG-PET would lose prognostic value when applied in patients older than 75 years, whereas MRI and neuropsychological testing would not. At baseline 175 patients had MCI, mostly amnestic. They were followed during a mean of 2.7 years, and 81 patients converted to AD after a mean of 1.6 years. …Logistic regression analyses showed that neuropsychological assessment and MRI variables predicted conversion with 63 to 67% classification success both in patients younger and older than 75 years, while CSF biomarkers attained this success rate only in patients younger than 75 years. For FDG-PET, this rate was 57% in the total sample. We conclude that the diagnostic yield of different techniques in predicting conversion from MCI to AD is moderate, and that it is affected by age of the subject under study. MRI and neuropsychological assessment remain informative in patients older than 75 years, unlike CSF biomarkers. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, amyloid, cerebrospinal fluid, FDG-PET, mild cognitive impairment, MRI, neuropsychological tests, tau protein

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2012-111703

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 641-648, 2012

Authors: Smith, Charles D. | Andersen, Anders H. | Gold, Brian T. | For the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Volume losses in the medial temporal lobe, posterior cingulated, and orbitofrontal region have been observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Smaller reductions in similar regions have also been reported in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a canonical precursor to AD. We previously demonstrated that volume loss in bilateral anteromedial temporal lobe is present at baseline in longitudinally followed normal subjects who later developed MCI or AD. In this study we compared grey matter volumes within this predefined anteromedial temporal region (AMTR) at baseline between: 1) normal subjects enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) who subsequently developed cognitive complaints as …reflected in a CDR memory box score of 0.5; and 2) normal subjects who remained normal over a median of 48 months of follow-up (CDR sum of boxes 0). We found significantly decreased volume within AMTR in the ADNI memory complainers. To relate AMTR results to those from conventional anatomy, we demonstrate that volumes extracted with the ICBM amygdala region had the best correspondence with AMTR volumes. In contrast, regions that have demonstrated volume loss in frank MCI and AD in ADNI, e.g., the posterior cingulate, did not show volume loss. These findings provide independent confirmation that volume changes preceding MCI occur in AMTR, a region of overlap between amygdala and anterior hippocampus. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative, Alzheimer's disease risk, amygdala, brain aging, hippocampus, longitudinal studies, magnetic resonance imaging, medial temporal lobe, structural neuroimaging, voxel-based morphometry

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2012-120157

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 31, no. s3, pp. S49-S58, 2012