Your search for: 'author:("Pike, Kerryn E.")' has returned 7 results. (0.015s) Save search

Authors: Li, Lily | Cavuoto, Marina | Biddiscombe, Karen | Pike, Kerryn E.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Dementia is a devastating condition for older adults, with both modifiable (e.g., diabetes mellitus) and unmodifiable risk factors (e.g., APOE ɛ 4 allele). It remains unclear how, and to what extent, diabetes impacts dementia risk via both cerebrovascular and amyloid-β pathways. Objective: We conducted a quantitative meta-analysis to investigate the contribution of diabetes to incident dementia risk in people with ɛ 4 and, based on the vascular-related neuropathology of diabetes, whether the combination of these factors increases risk for vascular dementia versus Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Systematic literature searches were conducted using EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases. Pooled …relative risk (RR) estimates were calculated using a random effects model, and subgroup analyses conducted across dementia subtypes. Results: Twelve studies were included, with a total of 16,200 participants. Considered concurrently, diabetes increased incident dementia risk an additional 35% for those with ɛ 4 (RR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.13–1.63). Similar patterns were observed for AD and vascular dementia. Conclusion: Interventions to prevent co-morbid diabetes, and diabetes-related complications and neuropathological changes, may be one way of modifying dementia risk in the vulnerable ɛ 4 population. Show more

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Apolipoproteins E, dementia, diabetes mellitus, risk factors, vascular dementia

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-191068

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 74, no. 4, pp. 1295-1308, 2020

Authors: Pike, Kerryn E. | Zeneli, Amina | Ong, Ben | Price, Sarah | Kinsella, Glynda J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Cognitive interventions for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are best targeted at the preclinical stages, and subjective memory decline (SMD) without objective memory impairment on standard tests in older adults may represent a very early preclinical stage. Elaborated encoding effectively enhances memory performance for healthy older adults (HOAs), but has not been examined in people with SMD. Objective : To examine elaborated encoding in people with SMD, compared with HOAs. Methods : Participants were 32 HOAs and 22 people with SMD, defined using the Memory Complaint Questionnaire. Participants completed a verbal paired associate learning (PAL) task with …delayed recall under elaborated and non-elaborated encoding conditions, as well as the California Verbal Learning Test–II. Results : On the PAL learning trials, with age controlled, a significant interaction of group X encoding condition emerged, F (1, 51) =  6.47, MSE  = 6.54, p  = 0.014, η p 2  = 0.11. Simple main effects revealed no differences between groups in the non-elaborated condition, but in the elaborated condition HOAs recalled more pairs than SMD, although both groups benefited from elaboration. At delayed recall, HOA recalled more pairs than SMD, F (1, 51) =  4.59, p  = 0.037, η p 2  = 0.08, and both groups benefited from elaboration, F (1, 52) =  19.25, p  <  0.001, η p 2  = 0.27. Conclusion : People with SMD benefit from elaborated encoding, although not to the same extent as HOAs. This objective difference in complex learning and memory suggests neural changes in SMD that may represent preclinical AD. Elaborated encoding is a promising technique to help maintain memory and decrease anxiety in this at-risk population. Show more

Keywords: Memory strategies, paired associate learning, preclinical dementia, semantic elaboration, subjective memory complaints

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-150062

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 705-713, 2015

Authors: Pike, Kerryn E. | Moller, Carl I. | Bryant, Christina | Farrow, Maree | Dao, Duy P. | Ellis, Kathryn A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Memory interventions for older adults with cognitive concerns result in improved memory performance and maintenance of cognitive health. These programs are typically delivered face-to-face, which is resource intensive and creates access barriers, particularly for those with reduced mobility, limited transportation, and living in rural or remote areas. The COVID-19 pandemic has created an additional access barrier, given the increased risk this disease poses to older adults. Internet-based interventions seek to overcome these barriers. This paper describes the protocol of a pilot study that aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of one such internet-based intervention: the Online Personalised Training …in Memory Strategies for Everyday (OPTIMiSE) program. OPTIMiSE focuses on improving knowledge regarding memory and providing training in effective memory strategies for everyday life. The pilot study described in this protocol will be a single-arm pre-post study of 8 weeks duration, with a single maintenance session 3 months post-intervention. Participants will be Australian adults aged ≥60 years reporting cognitive changes compared with 10 years ago. Primary outcome measures will address feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy. Secondary outcome measures assessing sense of community and self-efficacy will be administered at the 8-week and 3-month timepoints. Data collection will conclude mid-2021, and results will be presented in a subsequent publication. Translation of memory interventions to internet-based delivery has the potential to remove many access barriers for older adults; however, the acceptability and feasibility of this modality needs investigation. OPTIMiSE is the initial step in what could be an important program enabling access to an evidence-based memory intervention for older adults worldwide. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12620000979954 Show more

Keywords: Aged, aging, cognition, learning, internet-based intervention, memory, self efficacy, social support

DOI: 10.3233/ADR-200251

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 143-152, 2021

Authors: Cavuoto, Marina G. | Ong, Ben | Pike, Kerryn E. | Nicholas, Christian L. | Bei, Bei | Kinsella, Glynda J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Sleep disturbance is implicated in memory function across normal aging and neurodegenerative disease. Furthermore, there is mounting evidence to suggest that high levels of subjective memory decline (SMD) may signal very early neurodegenerative changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This view prompts research examining the relationship between SMD and other risk factors for cognitive decline, including sleep disturbance. Objective: To determine whether objective and subjective indices of sleep predict SMD in older adults. Methods: 181 community-based older adults were divided into groups of high and low SMD based on their responses to the Memory Assessment Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). They …undertook two weeks of objective sleep monitoring (actigraphy), and completed a subjective sleep quality assessment using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results: Hierarchical logistic regression indicated that after controlling for demographics and mood, objective sleep quality predicted high SMD group status (Δ Nagelkerke R2  = 0.07, χ 2  = 9.80 (3), p  = 0.020), while subjective sleep quality did not. Contrary to expectation, however, less sleep disruption predicted high SMD. Conclusion: These unexpected results may suggest a non-linear trajectory between sleep and memory decline in aging. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research, which taken together, may indicate compensatory sleep patterns of reduced sleep disruption in people with high levels of SMD. These preliminary findings suggest the utility of including analysis of sleep behavior in further longitudinal research of this at-risk group of older people. Show more

Keywords: Actigraphy, cognition, early diagnosis, memory, memory disorders, sleep

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-160187

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 943-953, 2016

Authors: Atkins, Kelly J. | Scott, David A. | Silbert, Brendan | Pike, Kerryn E. | Evered, Lis

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), including postoperative delirium (POD), are common in older adults and, for many, precipitate functional decline and/or dementia. Objective: In this protocol, we describe a novel multidisciplinary, multicomponent perioperative intervention that seeks to prevent or reduce POD and associated cognitive decline. Methods: We will conduct a prospective, single-blind, pragmatic, randomized-controlled trial to compare our tailored multi-disciplinary perioperative pathway against current standard of care practices. We will recruit a total of 692 elective surgical patients aged 65 years or more and randomize them in a 1:1 design. Our perioperative intervention targets delirium risk reduction strategies by emphasizing …the importance of early mobilization, nutrition, hydration, cognitive orientation, sensory aids, and avoiding polypharmacy. To promote healthy behavior change, we will provide a tailored psychoeducation program both pre- and postoperatively, focusing on cardiovascular and psychosocial risks for cognitive and functional decline. Results: Our primary outcome is the incidence of any PND (encapsulating POD and mild or major postoperative neurocognitive disorder) at three months postoperative. Secondary outcomes include any incidence of POD or neurocognitive disorder at 12 months. A specialized delirium screening instrument, the Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM), and a neuropsychological test battery, will inform our primary and secondary outcomes. Conclusion: Delirium is a common and debilitating postoperative complication that contributes to the cognitive and functional decline of older adults. By adopting a multicomponent, multidisciplinary approach to perioperative delirium prevention, we seek to reduce the burden of delirium and subsequent dementia in older adults. Show more

Keywords: Anesthesia and analgesia, cognition, delirium, dementia, healthy aging, perioperative medicine, prehabilitation, preventive medicine, rehabilitation

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-210438

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 1637-1649, 2021

Authors: Watt, Andrew D. | Perez, Keyla A. | Faux, Noel G. | Pike, Kerryn E. | Rowe, Christopher C. | Bourgeat, Pierrick | Salvado, Olivier | Masters, Colin L. | Villemagne, Victor L. | Barnham, Kevin J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Diagnostic measures for Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly rely on evaluating the levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of affected individuals. These levels are often combined with levels of an additional non-Aβ marker to increase predictive accuracy. Recent efforts to overcome the invasive nature of CSF collection led to the observation of Aβ species within the blood cellular fraction, however, little is known of what additional biomarkers may be found in this membranous fraction. The current study aimed to undertake a discovery-based proteomic investigation of the blood cellular fraction from AD patients (n = 18) and healthy …controls (HC; n = 15) using copper immobilized metal affinity capture and Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionisation Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Three candidate biomarkers were observed which could differentiate AD patients from HC (ROC AUC > 0.8). Bivariate pairwise comparisons revealed significant correlations between these markers and measures of AD severity including; MMSE, composite memory, brain amyloid burden, and hippocampal volume. A partial least squares regression model was generated using the three candidate markers along with blood levels of Aβ. This model was able to distinguish AD from HC with high specificity (90%) and sensitivity (77%) and was able to separate individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who converted to AD from MCI non-converters. While requiring further characterization, these candidate biomarkers reaffirm the potential efficacy of blood-based investigations into neurodegenerative conditions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the incorporation of non-amyloid markers into predictive models, function to increase the accuracy of the diagnostic potential of Aβ. Show more

Keywords: Amyloid-β, biomarkers, blood, copper, diagnostics, SELDI-TOF-MS

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2010-101722

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 47-59, 2011

Authors: Kinsella, Glynda J. | Ames, David | Storey, Elsdon | Ong, Ben | Pike, Kerryn E. | Saling, Michael M. | Clare, Linda | Mullaly, Elizabeth | Rand, Elizabeth

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Governments are promoting the importance of maintaining cognitive health into older age to minimize risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Older people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are particularly vulnerable to memory challenges in daily activities and are seeking ways to maintain independent living. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of memory groups for improving memory strategies and memory ability of older people, especially those with aMCI. Methods: 113 healthy older adults (HOA) and 106 adults with aMCI were randomized to a six-week memory group or a waitlist control condition. Outcome was evaluated through knowledge and use of memory …strategies, memory ability (self-report and neuropsychological tests), and wellbeing. Assessments included a six-month follow-up. Results: Using intention to treat analyses, there were intervention effects for HOA and aMCI groups in strategy knowledge (HOA: η 2 = 0.20; aMCI: η 2 = 0.06), strategy use (HOA: η 2 = 0.18; aMCI: η 2 = 0.08), and wellbeing (HOA: η 2 = 0.11; aMCI: η 2 = 0.05). There were also intervention effects in the HOA group, but not the aMCI group, in self-reported memory ability (η 2 = 0.06) and prospective memory tests (η 2 = 0.02). By six-month follow-up, gains were found on most HOA outcomes. In the aMCI group gains were found in strategy use, and by this stage, gains in prospective memory were also found. Conclusion: Memory groups can engage older people in techniques for maintaining cognitive health and improve memory performance, but more modest benefits are seen for older adults with aMCI. Show more

Keywords: Aging, memory, memory training, mild cognitive impairment, prospective memory, randomized controlled trial

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-150378

Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 31-43, 2016