Volume 104, Issue 8, August 2019

A case report about the development of lipodystrophy 2 months after the initiation of nivolumab, suggesting a cause/effect relationship.

We reported a case of succinate dehydrogenase complex B mosaicism and showed that it is responsible for a functional paraganglioma with recurrence and early onset.

AIP mutation-driven gigantism with pituitary apoplexy and aggressive tumor growth was controlled by multimodal treatment: surgery, octreotide-LAR, radiotherapy, temozolomide, bevacizumab, and pegvisomant.

We have reviewed nonneuroendocrine neoplasms of the pituitary region and identified novel predictive markers and evolving therapies that could help optimize treatment in a multidisciplinary setting.

Exome sequencing was used to investigate genes and mutational mechanisms contributing to primary ovarian insufficiency, and to gain insights into disease biology and underlying pathophysiology.

Metreleptin treatment of 12 months led to similar improvements in HbA1c, insulin dose, and triglycerides in patients with familial partial lipodystrophy due to PPARG vs LMNA pathogenic variants.

During the course of hospital admission, diabetic ketoacidosis developed more frequently in SGLT2 inhibitor users vs nonusers, with an OR of 37.4 (95% CI, 8.0 to 175.9; P < 0.0001).

In vitro findings suggest the existence of interplay between PTH and irisin metabolism that seems to be confirmed by a significant reduction in irisin concentration in postmenopausal women with PHPT.

Hypogonadal individuals display reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity and increased cholesterol serum capacity. These features reflect a proatherogenic potential, independent of lipoprotein levels.

Bone turnover was assessed as a function of energy and estrogen status in exercising women. The combination of energy and estrogen deficiency negatively affected bone formation and bone turnover rate.

A genetic decrease in 25(OH)D was associated with lower T levels, providing evidence in support of a causal role of vitamin D in raising T levels, using Mendelian randomization analysis.

A clinical score (based on birth size, height, head circumference, and IGF-1) can select patients for IGF1R analysis. The response to GH therapy is moderate in carriers of heterozygous IGF1R defects.

A strategy using cutoff levels adjusted for both GA and BW significantly reduced FP rates of NBS for CAH in 10 years' experience of the Israeli NBS program.

Plasma OT levels are low and psychopathy is increased in hypopituitary men with CDI, suggestive of a possible OT-deficient state.

Analysis of 161 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) and comparison with matched controls revealed that autonomous cortisol secretion in PA is associated with impaired glucose homeostasis.

This study investigated whether coagulation factors mediate the role of thyroid function on cardiovascular disease. VWF:Ag and fibrinogen partly explained the link of FT4 with cardiovascular disease.

The genetic risk score generated for type 2 diabetes improved the predictive ability of incident type 2 diabetes from a model with environmental risk factors in a general Japanese population.

Effect of parathyroidectomy on arterial stiffness and BP in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. No beneficial effect on arterial stiffness and BP was observed after PTX.

GLP-1 responses to dietary carbohydrates were exaggerated after gastric bypass. Prolonged digestion led to greatly enhanced GLP-1 secretion in unoperated subjects, but less so after gastric bypass.

Several plasma amino acids and their metabolites were altered in American Indian adolescents with obesity and correlated with insulin sensitivity but did not change in response to exercise training.

Adolescents with obesity with type 1 diabetes were randomized to 3 months of metformin or placebo. Youth who received metformin had an improvement in peripheral, but not hepatic, insulin sensitivity.

We conducted a cohort study and found metformin use in diabetic psoriasis patients do not increase the risk of mortality, severe psoriasis, psoriasis-related admission, and any-cause re-admission.

Combined GH/GnRHa therapy is beneficial in increasing AHt outcome in children with ISS with early/normal puberty and in adolescents naïve to GH treatment who are in midpuberty at start of therapy.

A parsimonious set of clinical variables identifies patients with diabetes in whom add-on pioglitazone to metformin confers cardiovascular protection, thus supporting more personalized diabetes care.

We found lower risk of fracture with higher insulin resistance in older adults without diabetes. This inverse association was lost after adjustment for BMI and BMD.

Gastric emptying is slowed with aging but otherwise more rapid in relatively well-controlled T2DM patients, in whom the postprandial blood glucose excursion is related to gastric emptying.

Prenatal exposure to particulate air pollutants of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ may decrease circulating levels of 25(OH)D in pregnant women and increase the odds of maternal vitamin D deficiency.

We assessed the relationship between plasma FGF21 levels and steatohepatitis in patients with NAFLD. We found that higher FGF21 levels correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis.

In Ab+ children, CGM accurately predicted progression to clinical diabetes. .

We observed a U-shaped association between HbA_1c and all-cause mortality among participants with diabetes and an asymmetric reverse J-shaped association among those without diabetes.

We found similar degrees of hyperandrogenemia in premenarchal daughters of women with PCOS and girls with obesity but differing anti-Müllerian hormone levels, suggesting ovarian folliculogenesis differs in these groups.

In this community-based prospective cohort, U-shaped associations were found for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among the elderly.

HER2-positive breast carcinomas are especially prone to disseminate to the pituitary. Metastases often appear late, may be single, and grow slowly. Hypocortisolism is the most common hormone deficit.

Dysregulations of the splicing machinery precede the development of steatosis and define different molecular phenotypes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study provides information to explore strategies for NAFLD.

FHH in men is a reversible form of GnRH deficiency characterized by neuroendocrine deficits similar to those of women with HA.

The broad etiological spectrum and change pattern of PST are described in a large series from a single center, and diagnostic and management approaches are discussed.

A whole exon deletion in GCK was found in two unrelated families exhibiting a MODY phenotype using a bioinformatics approach to identify copy number variations.

The in vitro effects of osilodrostat on human adrenal steroidogenesis are studied compared with metyrapone and ketoconazole. We show that it is a promising novel treatment of Cushing syndrome.

presTg (<10 µg/L) and TRI (<60%) predict excellent response in patients with DTC managed by thyroidectomy and RAI remnant ablation.

We compared the association of area deprivation and other predictors with recurrent DKA admissions in pediatrics and adults and found that deprivation had a more pronounced effect in pediatrics.

Fructose, but not glucose, ingestion causes a rapid and sustained rise in circulating GLP-1 levels in adolescents with obesity. The fructose-induced GLP-1 increase is associated with reduced β-cell function.

Met256-TRα1/Met310-TRβ1 determine the differential bioactivity of T3 vs T4, providing the molecular basis for the clinical concept that T4 functions as prohormone and T3 as bioactive hormone.

Biguanides reduced aggressiveness features (e.g., proliferation, apoptosis) in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, opening avenues to explore their potential as drugs to treat these pathologies.

In this population-based study, we found that whereas 35% of fractures were attributable to low BMD and advancing age, most postfracture mortality was attributable to advancing age.

Girls with PCOS had later circadian timing of melatonin than did obese control subjects. Melatonin secretion after wake was associated with insulin resistance and higher serum levels of testosterone.

With a GC-MS/MS technique, we measured 83 steroids in sera from 52 patients with adrenal incidentalomas and 26 controls, revealing a steroid fingerprint in patients with subclinical hypercortisolism.

The immune gene expression profiling of thyroid cancers revealed the existence of at least two immune phenotypes that could influence the choice of immunotherapeutic strategies for treatment.

This analysis of observational data from a clinical trial shows that dietary calcium intake is not associated with change in bone density over 6 years in postmenopausal women with osteopenia.

Micro-MRI-based assessment of bone microarchitecture demonstrated poorer trabecular bone in children with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy controls.

This paper discusses the manuscript by Sitoris et al., published in a recent issue of JCEM, which evaluated the American Thyroid Association’s targeted screening approach for thyroid disease in pregnancy.

This commentary on Napoli et al. reviews the contributions of insulin resistance to bone density and skeletal fragility.