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Seven Our Man in Liverpool: The Consular Service and American Citizenship
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Published:March 2013
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Abstract
The consular service was the embodiment of American national identity overseas and the most tangible form of federal authority for merchants, shipmasters, and seafarers. During the first half of the nineteenth century, Congress and the federal courts tried to extend the power of the nation, but in practical terms, that task belonged to consuls. This chapter examines how the system of consuls and commercial agents addressed the needs of American merchant vessels and citizens abroad despite having no clear definition of their duties and powers. Prompted by the seamen who came to their offices for help, American consuls had to forge, on their own, important aspects of national self-definition. In particular, they decided who is a citizen, who may make claim to the rights of American identity and citizenship, and what rights are conferred by appellation.
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