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Fort-Shevchenko

Coordinates: 44°31′N 50°16′E / 44.517°N 50.267°E / 44.517; 50.267
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Fort-Shevchenko
Форт-Шевченко
Fort-Shevchenko from the air
Fort-Shevchenko from the air
Coat of arms of Fort-Shevchenko
Fort-Shevchenko is located in Kazakhstan
Fort-Shevchenko
Fort-Shevchenko
Location in Kazakhstan
Coordinates: 44°31′N 50°16′E / 44.517°N 50.267°E / 44.517; 50.267
CountryKazakhstan
RegionMangystau Region
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Total5,559
Time zoneUTC+5 (+5)

Fort-Shevchenko (Kazakh: Форт-Шевченко) is a military-base town and administrative centre of Tupkaragan District in Mangystau Region of Kazakhstan on the eastern shore of Caspian Sea. Primary industries include fishing and the extraction of stone. Population: 5,559 (2016 estimate).[1]

History

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The city was founded as a military stronghold by the Imperial Russian Navy in 1846 after nearby New Alexander Fort, built in 1834 overlooking Dead Kultuk, was deemed too remote.[2] Until 1857, Fort Shevchenko was known as Novopetrovskoye (Новопетровское) and from 1857 to 1939 as Fort-Aleksandrovskii (Форт-Александровский). It was named for Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko, who was assigned to military service here during his exile. Today the town is used by the Kazakhstan Navy as a base.

The coat of arms of Fort Alexandrovsky was approved October 22, 1908, along with other arms of the Transcaspian field: It is black and silver depicting the fortress and two fish.

Russian Civil War

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Fort Alexandrovsky was the site of naval action on 21 May 1919, when a Squadron of the British Caspian Flotilla attacked the port.[3]

Climate

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Climate data for Fort-Shevchenko (1991–2020, extremes 1848–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 16.0
(60.8)
19.0
(66.2)
25.2
(77.4)
31.1
(88.0)
37.4
(99.3)
40.6
(105.1)
41.1
(106.0)
41.4
(106.5)
40.0
(104.0)
31.2
(88.2)
22.3
(72.1)
16.0
(60.8)
41.4
(106.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1.8
(35.2)
2.7
(36.9)
8.0
(46.4)
14.6
(58.3)
22.0
(71.6)
27.5
(81.5)
30.1
(86.2)
29.5
(85.1)
24.2
(75.6)
16.9
(62.4)
9.1
(48.4)
3.8
(38.8)
15.9
(60.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.7
(30.7)
−0.2
(31.6)
4.9
(40.8)
11.4
(52.5)
18.6
(65.5)
24.3
(75.7)
26.7
(80.1)
25.9
(78.6)
20.7
(69.3)
13.7
(56.7)
6.2
(43.2)
1.3
(34.3)
12.7
(54.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −2.9
(26.8)
−2.7
(27.1)
2.1
(35.8)
8.4
(47.1)
15.6
(60.1)
21.2
(70.2)
23.6
(74.5)
22.6
(72.7)
17.6
(63.7)
10.8
(51.4)
3.8
(38.8)
−0.9
(30.4)
9.9
(49.8)
Record low °C (°F) −27.0
(−16.6)
−30.0
(−22.0)
−19.7
(−3.5)
−2.8
(27.0)
0.0
(32.0)
9.0
(48.2)
13.8
(56.8)
10.0
(50.0)
2.0
(35.6)
−7.2
(19.0)
−16.1
(3.0)
−18.2
(−0.8)
−30.0
(−22.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 11
(0.4)
7
(0.3)
11
(0.4)
20
(0.8)
10
(0.4)
5
(0.2)
10
(0.4)
6
(0.2)
9
(0.4)
9
(0.4)
13
(0.5)
9
(0.4)
120
(4.7)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 88 114 158 225 300 329 337 315 260 193 103 74 2,496
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[4]
Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[5]

Landmarks

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There are several landmarks of significance; Shevchenko Memorial Museum, National History, and ethnographic museums. The Shevchenko Memorial Museum opened in 1932 near where he had been hiding. There are also some remnants of the fortress, a monument to Shevchenko and a state grave of Civil War heroes.

31 km from the city is the necropolis Beysenbay and up the coast the site Bautino (Баутино).

References

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  1. ^ a b "Республика Казахстан". Archived from the original (RAR) on 2016-04-22.
  2. ^ Travel Guide to Fort Shevchenko and Bautino – Planet Esoterica
  3. ^ Halpern, Paul (2013). The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919–1929. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4094-2756-8.
  4. ^ "Weather and Climate- The Climate of Fort-Shevchenko" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  5. ^ "Fort Sevcenko (Fort-Shevchenko) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
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Media related to Fort-Shevchenko at Wikimedia Commons

44°31′N 50°16′E / 44.517°N 50.267°E / 44.517; 50.267