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1989 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill

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Liberal Party of Australia
Leadership spill, 1989

← 1987 9 May 1989 1990 →
 
Candidate Andrew Peacock John Howard
Caucus vote 44 27
Percentage 62.0% 38.0%
Seat Kooyong (Vic.) Bennelong (NSW)

Leader before election

John Howard

Elected Leader

Andrew Peacock

A spill of the leadership of the Liberal Party of Australia took place on 9 May 1989, following internal maneuverings by supporters of John Howard's long-time rival, Andrew Peacock. The spill was won by Andrew Peacock over John Howard by 44 votes to 27.[1]

Background

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During 1988 Liberal Party President John Elliott was the subject of much leadership speculation which undermined John Howard's leadership. This ended after the seat which Elliott sought, Higgins didn't become available.[2] In February, Elliott said confidentially to former leader and current Deputy leader Andrew Peacock, that he would support him in a leadership challenge against Howard.[3]

In late 1988 John Howard promoted his policy of One Australia which called for an end to Multiculturalism and called for the rate of Asian immigration to Australia to be reduced. There were widespread objections to the policy from within the Liberal Party, including from Victoria Opposition Leader and future Premier Jeff Kennett, New South Wales Premier Nick Greiner, former Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser, and former immigration ministers Ian Macphee and Michael MacKellar.[4] Some political commentators later postulated that the dissent within the Liberal Party over immigration policy weakened Howard's leadership position, contributing to him being overthrown as Liberal Party leader by Andrew Peacock.[5]

A group of Peacock supporters, nicknamed "The Cardinals" worked behind the scenes for most of year to get the numbers to replace Howard with Peacock. By the time that former shadow minister Ian Macphee lost his preselection, it was decided that the time was right to move against Howard. Firstly Senate leader Fred Chaney, Peacock's first choice as deputy, was persuaded to reluctantly switch his support, then, Peacock, Chaney, and Chaney's Senate deputy Austin Lewis, being other members of the leadership team, informed Howard that 40 members wanted the matter of leadership raised at the next party meeting.[6]

Despite being a key architect in Peacock's comeback,[7] Wilson Tuckey stood for the deputy's position against Peacock's choice of deputy, Senator Chaney, but was eliminated in the first ballot.

Candidates

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Results

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Liberal Party of Australia
deputy leadership ballot, 1989

← 1987
1990 →
 
Candidate Fred Chaney Peter Reith
First ballot 31 (43.7%) 23 (32.4%)
Second ballot 44 (62.0%) 27 (38.0%)
Seat Senator for Western Australia Flinders (Vic.)

 
Candidate Wilson Tuckey Ian Wilson
First ballot 11 (15.5%) 6 (8.5%)
Second ballot Eliminated Eliminated
Seat O'Connor (WA) Sturt (SA)

Deputy Leader before election

Andrew Peacock

Elected Deputy Leader

Fred Chaney

The following tables gives the ballot results:[8]

Spill motion to vacate leadership
Support Votes
Yes 43
No 28

Leadership ballot

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Name Votes Percentage
Andrew Peacock 44 62.0
John Howard 27 38.0

Deputy leadership ballot

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Leadership ballot
Candidate First round Second round
Fred Chaney 31 44
Peter Reith 23 27
Wilson Tuckey 11 Eliminated
Ian Wilson 6 Eliminated

Aftermath

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Fred Chaney succeeded Peacock as Deputy Leader. Declining Peacock's offer of Shadow Minister for Education, Howard went to the backbench and a new period of party disunity ensued which was highlighted by a Four Corners episode detailing the coup against Howard.[9] In October Howard did accept an offer to return to the frontbench as Shadow Minister for Industry, Technology and Commerce.

This spill saw Peacock return to the leadership almost four years after his resignation in September 1985. In the immediate aftermath of this spill the just deposed Howard was asked the chances of him making his own comeback to the leadership.

Howard expressed his doubts on his own comeback saying it would be "like Lazarus with a triple bypass".[10]

Howard did eventually return to the leadership in January 1995 and became Prime Minister when he led the Coalition to victory at the 1996 election.

References

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  1. ^ Malone, Paul (10 May 1989). "Draftees' double". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  2. ^ The Liberals. Episode 4. 1995.
  3. ^ Kelly, Paul (1994), The End of Certainty: Power, Politics, and Business in Australia, Allen & Unwin, pp. 427, 457, ISBN 1-86373-757-X, retrieved 5 October 2007
  4. ^ Peter, Mares (2002). Borderline: Australia's Response to Refugees and Asylum Seekers in the Wake of the Tampa. UNSW Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-86840-789-0.
  5. ^ Kelly, Paul (1994) [1994]. The End of Certainty: Power, Politics, and Business in Australia. Allen & Unwin. p. 457. ISBN 978-1-86373-757-9. Retrieved 5 October 2007.
  6. ^ "Politics will get you". The Liberals. Episode 5. 1995.
  7. ^ "Wilson 'Ironbar' Tuckey". ABC News. 15 December 2009.
  8. ^ "Draftees' double ambush". Canberra Times (Act : 1926 – 1995). 10 May 1989. p. 1.
  9. ^ True Believers – 1989 ABC Four Corners 8 August 2011
  10. ^ "Thoughts of a bypassed Lazarus". 29 February 2004.