EVENTS: In 1675 the foundation stone of the new St Paul’s Cathedral was laid; in 1788, on ratification of the US Constitution by a ninth state, New Hampshire, the Constitution was officially in force; in 1919 the German fleet was scuttled at Scapa Flow, Orkney; in 1942 Tobruk fell to Rommel with the capture of 30,000 Allied troops.
BIRTHS: Anthony Collins, deist philosopher, born in Heston, Middlesex, 1676; Sir Richard Wallace, art collector and philanthropist, born in London, 1818; Enrico Cecchetti, ballet dancer and teacher, born in Rome, 1850; Mary McCarthy, novelist and critic, born in Seattle, Washington State, 1912.
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DEATHS: King Edward III, reigned 1327-77, died in Sheen, Surrey, 1377; Niccolò Machiavelli, statesman, political theorist and author of The Prince, died in Florence, Italy, 1527; Friedrich Froebel, educational reformer, died in Marienthal, Thuringia, 1852; Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, composer, died in Lyubensk, Russia, 1908.