Therapists in Maryland

View cities and counties in Maryland
Photo of Tyne Ori, PhD, Psychologist
Tyne Ori
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Waldorf, MD 20602  (Online Only)
I work with people seeking more out of life than the template that our mainstream society has created for us. I work with people who are waking up to self and are eager to know more about who they are as individuals. They have realized that the rules that others have set for them were well intentioned, but are not custom made for their experience, so they are ready to take the journey of self-discovery!
I work with people seeking more out of life than the template that our mainstream society has created for us. I work with people who are waking up to self and are eager to know more about who they are as individuals. They have realized that the rules that others have set for them were well intentioned, but are not custom made for their experience, so they are ready to take the journey of self-discovery!
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Photo of Dr. Rebecca Definbaugh, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Rebecca Definbaugh
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middle River, MD 21220  (Online Only)
My name is Dr. Rebecca Definbaugh. I am a licensed clinical psychologist who uses a variety of clinical techniques and evidence based practices to help meet my clients’ needs. I believe that it is important to build a strong therapeutic relationship that leaves clients feeling safe, heard, supported, and encouraged in order to accomplish their goals.
My name is Dr. Rebecca Definbaugh. I am a licensed clinical psychologist who uses a variety of clinical techniques and evidence based practices to help meet my clients’ needs. I believe that it is important to build a strong therapeutic relationship that leaves clients feeling safe, heard, supported, and encouraged in order to accomplish their goals.
(667) 230-9663 View (667) 230-9663
Photo of Emily C. Greenberg, LCPC
Emily C. Greenberg
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
My passion lies in supporting young adults through the rollercoaster that is adolescence and the transition to adulthood. With over 10 years working as a counselor in the school setting, I am attuned to the stressors and pressures of today's preteens and adolescents, and the stressors and pressures of the parents that parent them. As the body, mind, and expectations grow during this period of life, it is essential that the adolescent feels that they are heard and has a safe and supportive place to unload all that they carry day in and day out.
My passion lies in supporting young adults through the rollercoaster that is adolescence and the transition to adulthood. With over 10 years working as a counselor in the school setting, I am attuned to the stressors and pressures of today's preteens and adolescents, and the stressors and pressures of the parents that parent them. As the body, mind, and expectations grow during this period of life, it is essential that the adolescent feels that they are heard and has a safe and supportive place to unload all that they carry day in and day out.
(301) 579-7843 View (301) 579-7843
Photo of John D. Kotler, MSW, LCSW-C, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
John D. Kotler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
Chevy Chase, MD 20815
At some point in their lives, many people experience anxiety and depression as well as major life transitions, trauma, grief, and self-esteem issues. Finding a therapist who is right for you is a crucial step toward addressing ongoing concerns and creating a more fulfilling life. This journey can be both challenging and rewarding.
At some point in their lives, many people experience anxiety and depression as well as major life transitions, trauma, grief, and self-esteem issues. Finding a therapist who is right for you is a crucial step toward addressing ongoing concerns and creating a more fulfilling life. This journey can be both challenging and rewarding.
(301) 450-5735 View (301) 450-5735
Photo of Mike Mandel, LCPC, Counselor
Mike Mandel
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Eldersburg, MD 21784  (Online Only)
Have you had therapists in the past that just didn't listen? Felt like you couldn't connect? Mike is a therapist that believes the relationship between counselor and client is vital to the therapeutic process. He prides himself on creating bonds with each client that he sees. Mike creates a comfortable environment that is free of judgement. He uses his enthusiasm and optimistic attitude to help each person feel at ease. Mike will work to empower his clients in every way.
Have you had therapists in the past that just didn't listen? Felt like you couldn't connect? Mike is a therapist that believes the relationship between counselor and client is vital to the therapeutic process. He prides himself on creating bonds with each client that he sees. Mike creates a comfortable environment that is free of judgement. He uses his enthusiasm and optimistic attitude to help each person feel at ease. Mike will work to empower his clients in every way.
(443) 241-2932 View (443) 241-2932
Photo of Barbara G Love, PhD, Psychologist
Barbara G Love
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bel Air, MD 21014  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you interested in practical approaches to the issues you are confronting? With over thirty years experience as a practicing psychologist in hospitals, schools, and private settings, I bring a broad base of training to the care of clients, including a brain focus from the perspective of a neuropsychologist. Work with parents is problem-focused. Direct treatment with children and adolescents is aimed at supporting continuity in development. Assessment and treatment of adults is provided from a life-span developmental perspective. A trauma-focused psychological perspective assures that road blocks to growth are addressed.
Are you interested in practical approaches to the issues you are confronting? With over thirty years experience as a practicing psychologist in hospitals, schools, and private settings, I bring a broad base of training to the care of clients, including a brain focus from the perspective of a neuropsychologist. Work with parents is problem-focused. Direct treatment with children and adolescents is aimed at supporting continuity in development. Assessment and treatment of adults is provided from a life-span developmental perspective. A trauma-focused psychological perspective assures that road blocks to growth are addressed.
(844) 881-8610 View (844) 881-8610
Photo of Michele Rule, LPC,  LCPC, Counselor
Michele Rule
Counselor, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chevy Chase, MD 20815
Michele Rule is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland who has been practicing since 2014. She has an MS in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Michele's treatment approach and philosophy include helping clients to become more self-aware, gain insight, recognize faulty beliefs, and replace them with truth in a non-judgmental atmosphere of empathy, acceptance, warmth, and positive regard. She believes people are most reshaped by experiencing something new in order to break old, unhealthy patterns and perspectives. Being heard, validated, supported, and challenged while feeling safe are very powerful change elements.
Michele Rule is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland who has been practicing since 2014. She has an MS in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Michele's treatment approach and philosophy include helping clients to become more self-aware, gain insight, recognize faulty beliefs, and replace them with truth in a non-judgmental atmosphere of empathy, acceptance, warmth, and positive regard. She believes people are most reshaped by experiencing something new in order to break old, unhealthy patterns and perspectives. Being heard, validated, supported, and challenged while feeling safe are very powerful change elements.
(240) 563-9074 View (240) 563-9074
Photo of Hannah Seibert, LCPC, NCC, Counselor
Hannah Seibert
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Olney, MD 20832  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My name is Hannah Seibert and I am a licensed clinical professional counselor dedicated to supporting individuals on their journey towards mental wellness. With specialized training and experience in anxiety and depressive disorders, I provide compassionate and effective therapy to help you regain control of your life.
My name is Hannah Seibert and I am a licensed clinical professional counselor dedicated to supporting individuals on their journey towards mental wellness. With specialized training and experience in anxiety and depressive disorders, I provide compassionate and effective therapy to help you regain control of your life.
(301) 409-4129 View (301) 409-4129
Photo of Deb Dunman, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Deb Dunman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Gaithersburg, MD 20878  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience working with clients in a variety of clinical settings, and I believe Telehealth is an important tool to meet clients where they are, in safe place, and without judgement. I utilize multiple therapeutic approaches in my practice including frameworks from DBT, CBT, ACT, Motivational Interviewing, mindfulness, mind-body connection, holistic, systems focused, trauma informed, and person-centered modalities. During the initial session, we will review your therapeutic history and any experiences, symptoms, and environments that present conflict or challenge. From there we will forge a path forward.
I have extensive experience working with clients in a variety of clinical settings, and I believe Telehealth is an important tool to meet clients where they are, in safe place, and without judgement. I utilize multiple therapeutic approaches in my practice including frameworks from DBT, CBT, ACT, Motivational Interviewing, mindfulness, mind-body connection, holistic, systems focused, trauma informed, and person-centered modalities. During the initial session, we will review your therapeutic history and any experiences, symptoms, and environments that present conflict or challenge. From there we will forge a path forward.
(301) 691-2863 View (301) 691-2863
Photo of Cassandra Clarke-Williams - Respect My Beautiful Counseling & Consulting, PhD, LCPC, NCC
Respect My Beautiful Counseling & Consulting
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, PhD, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Owings Mills, MD 21117  (Online Only)
My mission has been to empower and educate teen girls and women. As a teen, I wished that I had someone to empower me. My family was old school, which meant that they used a lot of tactics that weren’t uplifting to me as a teenager. My self-esteem was really low as a result. I know today that my family didn’t know any better. They were parenting the way that they were parented. In my 20-plus years of working with mothers and teens, I see the same parenting mistakes taking place today, much similar to how I was raised. Parenting has so much to do with who we are as individuals. We can’t give our daughters what we don’t have.
My mission has been to empower and educate teen girls and women. As a teen, I wished that I had someone to empower me. My family was old school, which meant that they used a lot of tactics that weren’t uplifting to me as a teenager. My self-esteem was really low as a result. I know today that my family didn’t know any better. They were parenting the way that they were parented. In my 20-plus years of working with mothers and teens, I see the same parenting mistakes taking place today, much similar to how I was raised. Parenting has so much to do with who we are as individuals. We can’t give our daughters what we don’t have.
(443) 917-3771 View (443) 917-3771
Photo of Carly Rohde, Psy, D, Psychologist
Carly Rohde
Psychologist, Psy, D
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montgomery Village, MD 20886  (Online Only)
My therapeutic approach is supportive, collaborative, and integrative. I work to tailor treatment approaches to the needs of my clients and to collaborate on identifying goals. My goal is to help clients gain insight, improve communication, and strengthen coping skills. I incorporate techniques used in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal Therapy (IPT), and mindfulness. My clients have expressed an appreciation for my warm and accepting style. As Carl Rogers once said: "The curious paradox is that when I accept myself just as I am, then I can change.".
My therapeutic approach is supportive, collaborative, and integrative. I work to tailor treatment approaches to the needs of my clients and to collaborate on identifying goals. My goal is to help clients gain insight, improve communication, and strengthen coping skills. I incorporate techniques used in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal Therapy (IPT), and mindfulness. My clients have expressed an appreciation for my warm and accepting style. As Carl Rogers once said: "The curious paradox is that when I accept myself just as I am, then I can change.".
(410) 469-6251 View (410) 469-6251
Photo of Jamaal Simmons, MSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jamaal Simmons
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21286
Are you having trouble achieving, starting, creating, and/or maintaining your goals? Are you trying to develop more healthy, positive habits? Does your mindset seem to prevent you from moving forward in life? I use motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral therapy as the primary tools to help illuminate a path toward achieving your goals, cultivating a positive mindset, and obtaining the results you're looking for.
Are you having trouble achieving, starting, creating, and/or maintaining your goals? Are you trying to develop more healthy, positive habits? Does your mindset seem to prevent you from moving forward in life? I use motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral therapy as the primary tools to help illuminate a path toward achieving your goals, cultivating a positive mindset, and obtaining the results you're looking for.
(410) 346-0213 View (410) 346-0213
Photo of Tara J Holland, LCSW-C, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tara J Holland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
New Market, MD 21774  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My favorite quote is to 'begin with the end in mind' by Stephen R. Covey. To achieve our end goal we need to know who we are and where we want to be. My goal is to help clarify who we are and to set measurable and attainable life goals. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Committment Therapy, and Narrative Therapy in my approach to helping my clients integrate their past into a meaningful present that leads to an abundant future. During our sessions we will weed out negative self-talk, establish our core values, and move towards a brighter and more meaningful future.
My favorite quote is to 'begin with the end in mind' by Stephen R. Covey. To achieve our end goal we need to know who we are and where we want to be. My goal is to help clarify who we are and to set measurable and attainable life goals. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Committment Therapy, and Narrative Therapy in my approach to helping my clients integrate their past into a meaningful present that leads to an abundant future. During our sessions we will weed out negative self-talk, establish our core values, and move towards a brighter and more meaningful future.
(240) 724-2657 View (240) 724-2657
Photo of Brandy N Wimbish - POM Clinical Behavioral Services, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
POM Clinical Behavioral Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Bowie, MD 20715  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Not accepting new clients at this time. Are you here because you're grappling with anger, anxiety, betrayal, hurt or constant uncertainty? You're not alone. As you know, searching for a therapist is a process. Committing to growth, healing, and self-discovery, while courageous and necessary, may feel overwhelming. If you've landed on my page, my guess is you've made some significant gains in life have been able to deal with most challenges on your own or with someone you trust. As a licensed therapist, I provide a confidential, protected, safe space for people struggling.
Not accepting new clients at this time. Are you here because you're grappling with anger, anxiety, betrayal, hurt or constant uncertainty? You're not alone. As you know, searching for a therapist is a process. Committing to growth, healing, and self-discovery, while courageous and necessary, may feel overwhelming. If you've landed on my page, my guess is you've made some significant gains in life have been able to deal with most challenges on your own or with someone you trust. As a licensed therapist, I provide a confidential, protected, safe space for people struggling.
(301) 215-2873 View (301) 215-2873
Photo of Paul Giggey, PhD, Psychologist
Paul Giggey
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21209
Finding the right psychotherapist can be challenging. It may be uncomfortable to schedule an initial session without obtaining a sense of what the therapist is like. Please feel free to contact me for any questions you may have about this process or psychotherapy in general. I'd be delighted to help. I'm formally trained in Individual and Couples Psychotherapy, Psychological and Neuropsychological Assessment, and Behavioral Medicine (Mind-Body). Psychotherapeutic treatment of disorders related to Anxiety (including Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Panic, Phobias) Depression, Trauma, and Substance Abuse. Specific emphasis in couples and issues related to intimacy. Trained in Divorce Mediation.
Finding the right psychotherapist can be challenging. It may be uncomfortable to schedule an initial session without obtaining a sense of what the therapist is like. Please feel free to contact me for any questions you may have about this process or psychotherapy in general. I'd be delighted to help. I'm formally trained in Individual and Couples Psychotherapy, Psychological and Neuropsychological Assessment, and Behavioral Medicine (Mind-Body). Psychotherapeutic treatment of disorders related to Anxiety (including Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Panic, Phobias) Depression, Trauma, and Substance Abuse. Specific emphasis in couples and issues related to intimacy. Trained in Divorce Mediation.
(410) 417-6697 View (410) 417-6697
Photo of Nikki Falay, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nikki Falay
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211  (Online Only)
Feeling like your past experiences get in the way of having fulfilling relationships, staying present, or existing free from anxiety or depression can be scary and isolating; especially for those with marginalized identities. As dedicated as you may be to making positive change in your life, sometimes without the right help it can feel like nothing is working or like no improvement is sticking. These points of stuckness often try to drive us further from feeling encouraged or wanting to be vulnerable, but letting someone in who will treat your vulnerabilities with utmost care can be a life changing and growth inducing experience.
Feeling like your past experiences get in the way of having fulfilling relationships, staying present, or existing free from anxiety or depression can be scary and isolating; especially for those with marginalized identities. As dedicated as you may be to making positive change in your life, sometimes without the right help it can feel like nothing is working or like no improvement is sticking. These points of stuckness often try to drive us further from feeling encouraged or wanting to be vulnerable, but letting someone in who will treat your vulnerabilities with utmost care can be a life changing and growth inducing experience.
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Photo of Eric Drinks, PsyD, Psychological Associate
Eric Drinks
Psychological Associate, PsyD
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21209  (Online Only)
He works with children, adolescents, adults, and families with a wide range of psychological conditions including anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, and trauma. Dr. Drinks believes that the key to therapy is the therapeutic relationship and through the relationship he hopes to help the client find his or her path to achieve his or her goals. Dr. Drinks uses a variety of techniques to tailor the therapy on a client-by-client basis.
He works with children, adolescents, adults, and families with a wide range of psychological conditions including anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, and trauma. Dr. Drinks believes that the key to therapy is the therapeutic relationship and through the relationship he hopes to help the client find his or her path to achieve his or her goals. Dr. Drinks uses a variety of techniques to tailor the therapy on a client-by-client basis.
(410) 680-3734 View (410) 680-3734
Photo of Lori Ochs - Frederick Christian Counseling, MSW, LCSW-C, BCPCC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Frederick Christian Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C, BCPCC
Verified Verified
Monrovia, MD 21770
As Board Certified Professional Christian Counselors (BCPCC), we offer care that is distinctively Christian & clinically excellent. We have been extensively evaluated by the AACC & NACC in areas of personal integrity, Biblical principles, personal spiritual journey & walk with Jesus Christ, beliefs about the Bible, & clinical skills. We believe in bringing problems in to the light & applying biblical truth. We are encouragers: lending hope to the hopeless, prescribing interventions, teaching healthy coping skills, & challenging old ways of thinking. We believe therapy is the method, but that ONLY Jesus is the healer.
As Board Certified Professional Christian Counselors (BCPCC), we offer care that is distinctively Christian & clinically excellent. We have been extensively evaluated by the AACC & NACC in areas of personal integrity, Biblical principles, personal spiritual journey & walk with Jesus Christ, beliefs about the Bible, & clinical skills. We believe in bringing problems in to the light & applying biblical truth. We are encouragers: lending hope to the hopeless, prescribing interventions, teaching healthy coping skills, & challenging old ways of thinking. We believe therapy is the method, but that ONLY Jesus is the healer.
(301) 945-8284 View (301) 945-8284
Photo of Shawntel Fitzgerald, LGPC, Counselor
Shawntel Fitzgerald
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
Ellicott City, MD 21043  (Online Only)
As a dedicated therapist specializing in life transitions and navigating hostile co-parenting dynamics, I am committed to providing a safe and supportive space for my clients. With years of experience in helping individuals through significant changes, I understand the complexities and emotional challenges that these transitions can bring. My approach is grounded in empathy, active listening, and tailored therapeutic techniques designed to empower my clients and promote healing.
As a dedicated therapist specializing in life transitions and navigating hostile co-parenting dynamics, I am committed to providing a safe and supportive space for my clients. With years of experience in helping individuals through significant changes, I understand the complexities and emotional challenges that these transitions can bring. My approach is grounded in empathy, active listening, and tailored therapeutic techniques designed to empower my clients and promote healing.
(443) 345-1504 View (443) 345-1504
Photo of Emily Kendall, LCPAT, Art Therapist
Emily Kendall
Art Therapist, LCPAT
Verified Verified
New Windsor, MD 21776  (Online Only)
You likely have good reasons for feeling angry at the world, the people around you, or maybe even yourself, but are you ready to confront the blocks that are keeping you stuck? Sometimes we get stuck in a cycle of avoidance and/ or ambivalence because that's how we've learned to survive. Living in survival mode is exhausting and when the stress of being alive feels like too much to carry and we don't give our emotions the attention they need, they may start to feel "out of control".
You likely have good reasons for feeling angry at the world, the people around you, or maybe even yourself, but are you ready to confront the blocks that are keeping you stuck? Sometimes we get stuck in a cycle of avoidance and/ or ambivalence because that's how we've learned to survive. Living in survival mode is exhausting and when the stress of being alive feels like too much to carry and we don't give our emotions the attention they need, they may start to feel "out of control".
(410) 505-7039 View (410) 505-7039
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How does your Therapist compare?

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Maryland who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Self Esteem
74% Relationship Issues
68% Coping Skills
67% Stress
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% CareFirst
68% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Maryland see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Maryland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.