Therapists in Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA

Photo of Atheena Matcham, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Atheena Matcham
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Finding the right therapist can be scary. It takes a lot of courage to begin the search and build trust. I value this process and am honored to be a part of this sacred therapeutic relationship. I believe every individual has the strength within to grow and change. Having a safe space to reflect, learn, and explore can be helpful in the journey. I offer a safe space to work with individuals through life stress, transitions, painful experiences, & overall wellness.
Finding the right therapist can be scary. It takes a lot of courage to begin the search and build trust. I value this process and am honored to be a part of this sacred therapeutic relationship. I believe every individual has the strength within to grow and change. Having a safe space to reflect, learn, and explore can be helpful in the journey. I offer a safe space to work with individuals through life stress, transitions, painful experiences, & overall wellness.
(628) 227-6420 View (628) 227-6420
Photo of Ashley Thompson, LPC, LPCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ashley Thompson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCC
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
At times you feel like a fish out of water in your own life. You’ve learned to deflate yourself to avoid tension or judgment, compartmentalize to keep your emotions at bay. Your life looks great on the outside but you’re beginning to think that in creating it you’ve lost connection to who you actually are. The identity you’ve created doesn’t feel like the full you and you're at a loss for how to reorient yourself. In all of the busyness you've created in your life, you haven't found time to prioritize self-rediscovery. The days keep passing and it's getting harder to ignore the discontent you're feeling.
At times you feel like a fish out of water in your own life. You’ve learned to deflate yourself to avoid tension or judgment, compartmentalize to keep your emotions at bay. Your life looks great on the outside but you’re beginning to think that in creating it you’ve lost connection to who you actually are. The identity you’ve created doesn’t feel like the full you and you're at a loss for how to reorient yourself. In all of the busyness you've created in your life, you haven't found time to prioritize self-rediscovery. The days keep passing and it's getting harder to ignore the discontent you're feeling.
(262) 218-4582 View (262) 218-4582
Photo of Vanessa Lin McGraw, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Vanessa Lin McGraw
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
Are you navigating a major life transition and feeling overwhelmed? Are you ready to address that issue that’s been put aside for years? Or do you simply want a space to be supported as you grow? Whatever brought you here, I hope to journey with you towards greater well-being. I see adult individuals, couples, and families. My practice includes working with parents through pregnancy and postpartum. I cherish this time because I’ve seen it offer opportunities for deep healing and connection. I also provide dyadic play therapy for young children and caregivers. As a mother of two, I know the delight and chaos of parenting little ones.
Are you navigating a major life transition and feeling overwhelmed? Are you ready to address that issue that’s been put aside for years? Or do you simply want a space to be supported as you grow? Whatever brought you here, I hope to journey with you towards greater well-being. I see adult individuals, couples, and families. My practice includes working with parents through pregnancy and postpartum. I cherish this time because I’ve seen it offer opportunities for deep healing and connection. I also provide dyadic play therapy for young children and caregivers. As a mother of two, I know the delight and chaos of parenting little ones.
(415) 625-5041 View (415) 625-5041
Photo of Jojo Hill, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jojo Hill
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94121
Pain is part of what makes us human; the way we move through pain is how we grow. Our work together can strengthen resilience and equanimity when confronting the challenges that life inevitably brings. I work collaboratively and compassionately with my clients to help them develop a nurturing and dynamic sense of self, community, and the world, fostering stronger connection to the people and resources that can support them outside of therapy.
Pain is part of what makes us human; the way we move through pain is how we grow. Our work together can strengthen resilience and equanimity when confronting the challenges that life inevitably brings. I work collaboratively and compassionately with my clients to help them develop a nurturing and dynamic sense of self, community, and the world, fostering stronger connection to the people and resources that can support them outside of therapy.
(628) 345-5211 View (628) 345-5211
Photo of Devon McConnell, AMFT, APCC, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Devon McConnell
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94121  (Online Only)
When other talk therapy hasn't worked or you don't think therapy is for you. I specialize in working with couples and individuals experiencing anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, and other distress using EMDR, EFT and other evidence-based approaches. My style is warm, direct and non-judgemental balanced with an evidence-based approach to bring the changes you want to see in your life.
When other talk therapy hasn't worked or you don't think therapy is for you. I specialize in working with couples and individuals experiencing anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, and other distress using EMDR, EFT and other evidence-based approaches. My style is warm, direct and non-judgemental balanced with an evidence-based approach to bring the changes you want to see in your life.
(628) 232-8445 View (628) 232-8445
Photo of Suzanne Klein, PhD, Psychologist
Suzanne Klein
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
If you are curious about your life and want to resolve troubling aspects of your relationships and feelings about yourself, I can help. Just like many others, you may have long-standing issues and current life struggles that cause you to feel sad or anxious and make it difficult for you to enjoy yourself and your loved ones to the fullest. Together we will sort through and understand how you've become the person you are now and how to help you heal from past traumas to gain greater perspective and happiness in your life and relationships going forward.
If you are curious about your life and want to resolve troubling aspects of your relationships and feelings about yourself, I can help. Just like many others, you may have long-standing issues and current life struggles that cause you to feel sad or anxious and make it difficult for you to enjoy yourself and your loved ones to the fullest. Together we will sort through and understand how you've become the person you are now and how to help you heal from past traumas to gain greater perspective and happiness in your life and relationships going forward.
(415) 630-5054 View (415) 630-5054
Photo of Lori Kandels, MFT, MBA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lori Kandels
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, MBA
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
Free yourself from what binds you. Resolve anxiety, past trauma, work or relationship stress. Raise your financial set point. A bit about my approach... 1) Mindfulness and Neuroscience. If you are caught in a negative story, I offer practices that engage the mind and body such as mindfulness, EMDR, Brainspotting and EFT. When we are stressed, we don’t think as clearly and can fall into habits of negative thoughts and emotions. Those habits leave a neurological imprint in the body. Changing your mind is only half of the solution. You have to retrain your nervous system as well and mind/body practices speed that process along.
Free yourself from what binds you. Resolve anxiety, past trauma, work or relationship stress. Raise your financial set point. A bit about my approach... 1) Mindfulness and Neuroscience. If you are caught in a negative story, I offer practices that engage the mind and body such as mindfulness, EMDR, Brainspotting and EFT. When we are stressed, we don’t think as clearly and can fall into habits of negative thoughts and emotions. Those habits leave a neurological imprint in the body. Changing your mind is only half of the solution. You have to retrain your nervous system as well and mind/body practices speed that process along.
(415) 340-7089 View (415) 340-7089
Photo of Angelica Yi, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angelica Yi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
As a queer and bisexual, nonbinary femme, 2nd generation Korean American, I specialize in working with those who identify as LGBTQ+, BIPOC, adult children of immigrants, gender expansive, nonbinary, and transgender. I tend to work with folks who create their own paths in life - ones that may diverge from the norm. Oftentimes, these paths emerge from a place of necessity, without much support, and lacking a roadmap or guide.
As a queer and bisexual, nonbinary femme, 2nd generation Korean American, I specialize in working with those who identify as LGBTQ+, BIPOC, adult children of immigrants, gender expansive, nonbinary, and transgender. I tend to work with folks who create their own paths in life - ones that may diverge from the norm. Oftentimes, these paths emerge from a place of necessity, without much support, and lacking a roadmap or guide.
(415) 449-9963 View (415) 449-9963
Photo of June Madsen Clausen, PhD, Psychologist
June Madsen Clausen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94117  (Online Only)
I work primarily with individuals who have experienced trauma, either during childhood and adolescence, or as adults. Together, we address concerns regarding anxiety and mood, as well as challenges in relationships and/or in meeting personal and professional goals.
I work primarily with individuals who have experienced trauma, either during childhood and adolescence, or as adults. Together, we address concerns regarding anxiety and mood, as well as challenges in relationships and/or in meeting personal and professional goals.
(415) 539-2644 View (415) 539-2644
Photo of Hilary See, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Hilary See
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
Consumed with worry, nervousness or feeling on edge? Have you felt inadequate, behind, or that sinking feeling like you've done something wrong? Having difficulty concentrating, focusing on tasks, feeling like you're always on the move? Is procrastinating or always putting things off until last minute something you struggle with? You are not alone and everything you're experiencing is apart of being a human. Let me help you explore your true potential and tap into your inner strengths and resilience. I can help you better understand how to improve challenging behaviors and live life comfortably.
Consumed with worry, nervousness or feeling on edge? Have you felt inadequate, behind, or that sinking feeling like you've done something wrong? Having difficulty concentrating, focusing on tasks, feeling like you're always on the move? Is procrastinating or always putting things off until last minute something you struggle with? You are not alone and everything you're experiencing is apart of being a human. Let me help you explore your true potential and tap into your inner strengths and resilience. I can help you better understand how to improve challenging behaviors and live life comfortably.
(628) 243-3651 View (628) 243-3651
Photo of Arthur Scappaticci - Arthur Scappaticci Psychotherapy, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Arthur Scappaticci Psychotherapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
Realizing our potential challenges the very essence of who we are: belief, self-esteem, identity. I have a comprehensive approach that will help unlock problematic thought and behavioral patterns, maximizing the resources available to you as you embark on a journey of self discovery and self worth. Identifying and understanding the obstacles that keep you stuck and hold you back are at the heart of personal and professional growth. Recovering from past wounds clears the way towards a wholesome self, reaffirms personal power, and ultimately leads to a greater sense of worth and self-acceptance.
Realizing our potential challenges the very essence of who we are: belief, self-esteem, identity. I have a comprehensive approach that will help unlock problematic thought and behavioral patterns, maximizing the resources available to you as you embark on a journey of self discovery and self worth. Identifying and understanding the obstacles that keep you stuck and hold you back are at the heart of personal and professional growth. Recovering from past wounds clears the way towards a wholesome self, reaffirms personal power, and ultimately leads to a greater sense of worth and self-acceptance.
(628) 265-8349 View (628) 265-8349
Photo of Paul Joseph Ziller - Paul Ziller Psychotherapy, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Paul Ziller Psychotherapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
Most of our wounding is experienced in relationship, and so our healing needs that too. I offer a compassionate, collaborative home base that responds to what you bring. Face your challenges with skilled support. We'll move at a pace that's attuned to you, balancing qualities of relief with growing edges. Together we can work to help you be in better relationship and balance with yourself and others, build resources, connect to your rich inner life and greater clarity, create an intentional path. Reach out...I offer a FREE 15-minute phone consultation, which concludes with a brief intake, if it's a good fit.
Most of our wounding is experienced in relationship, and so our healing needs that too. I offer a compassionate, collaborative home base that responds to what you bring. Face your challenges with skilled support. We'll move at a pace that's attuned to you, balancing qualities of relief with growing edges. Together we can work to help you be in better relationship and balance with yourself and others, build resources, connect to your rich inner life and greater clarity, create an intentional path. Reach out...I offer a FREE 15-minute phone consultation, which concludes with a brief intake, if it's a good fit.
(415) 599-4084 View (415) 599-4084
Photo of Tessa Sugarbaker MD MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tessa Sugarbaker MD MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94121  (Online Only)
I offer you an empathetic, direct, and practical presence in your journey towards healing. After becoming a physician (I am a licensed Obstetrician Gynecologist), I discovered another calling of mine is working with people and their emotions. As a therapist who is also a physician, I bring knowledge and wisdom of medicine, the body, and the mind-body connection. With this background, I offer you a unique, experienced, and well-rounded therapist. (For safety reasons, I am currently only offering online therapy sessions.)
I offer you an empathetic, direct, and practical presence in your journey towards healing. After becoming a physician (I am a licensed Obstetrician Gynecologist), I discovered another calling of mine is working with people and their emotions. As a therapist who is also a physician, I bring knowledge and wisdom of medicine, the body, and the mind-body connection. With this background, I offer you a unique, experienced, and well-rounded therapist. (For safety reasons, I am currently only offering online therapy sessions.)
(415) 326-7726 View (415) 326-7726
Photo of Kristina Kenyon, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kristina Kenyon
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
I believe we all come into this world being enough as we are but sometimes there are challenges, losses, difficulties, or behaviors that get in the way of what you may be wanting or where you want to be in your life. Together, we can build insight and understanding and work towards making the changes you want to see.
I believe we all come into this world being enough as we are but sometimes there are challenges, losses, difficulties, or behaviors that get in the way of what you may be wanting or where you want to be in your life. Together, we can build insight and understanding and work towards making the changes you want to see.
(415) 226-4779 View (415) 226-4779
Photo of Andrea Bass, MA, MFT, ATR-BC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Andrea Bass
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
Making positive changes in our lives is not always easy. It takes courage and strength to reach out for support during challenging times. In our healing journey together, connection to our emotions, our body (somatic mindfulness), our creativity and our life force brings deeper relationships with others leading to a greater connection to ourselves. If we have experienced trauma we can find new ways to self-regulate and build resilience. We can learn to love and accept all the different parts of who we are. I feel honored to accompany you on this journey while providing skillful guidance, attunement and resources along the way.
Making positive changes in our lives is not always easy. It takes courage and strength to reach out for support during challenging times. In our healing journey together, connection to our emotions, our body (somatic mindfulness), our creativity and our life force brings deeper relationships with others leading to a greater connection to ourselves. If we have experienced trauma we can find new ways to self-regulate and build resilience. We can learn to love and accept all the different parts of who we are. I feel honored to accompany you on this journey while providing skillful guidance, attunement and resources along the way.
(415) 877-1964 View (415) 877-1964
Photo of Cindy Feng, PsyD, Psychologist
Cindy Feng
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
I specialize in providing culturally-sensitive and empowering therapy with the goal of helping clients work toward positive and lasting change. Therapy is an active and collaborative platform for growth.
I specialize in providing culturally-sensitive and empowering therapy with the goal of helping clients work toward positive and lasting change. Therapy is an active and collaborative platform for growth.
(415) 650-5736 View (415) 650-5736
Photo of Mia Freund Stilwell (Formerly Walker), LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mia Freund Stilwell (Formerly Walker)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
It is normal to go through periods of struggle, conflict, or loneliness. You don't need to struggle alone. I specialize in working with students, young adults, early and mid-career professionals, and parents. Specific areas of expertise include job and academic pressure, family and career issues, work/life balance, building healthy relationships, major life transitions, divorce, loss, parenting challenges, and healthy use of technology. I use warmth, compassion and humor to build a trusting relationship and help you break free of patterns and behaviors that get in in the way of living and experiencing a full life.
It is normal to go through periods of struggle, conflict, or loneliness. You don't need to struggle alone. I specialize in working with students, young adults, early and mid-career professionals, and parents. Specific areas of expertise include job and academic pressure, family and career issues, work/life balance, building healthy relationships, major life transitions, divorce, loss, parenting challenges, and healthy use of technology. I use warmth, compassion and humor to build a trusting relationship and help you break free of patterns and behaviors that get in in the way of living and experiencing a full life.
(628) 666-0625 View (628) 666-0625
Photo of Meredith Holmes, PsyD, MSW, Psychological Associate
Meredith Holmes
Psychological Associate, PsyD, MSW
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
I am a dedicated and compassionate mental health professional with over 6 years of experience as a psychotherapist and over 16 years of experience as a social worker. I support and empower clients who have a range of concerns including adjusting to life transitions, relationship challenges, exploring various aspects of identity (i.e., race, sexuality, gender), trauma, grief and loss, navigating the world as a neurodivergent person, and more. When appropriate, I utilize humor in the therapy room, and I also welcome exploring creative ways of healing through avenues such as art, music, and play.
I am a dedicated and compassionate mental health professional with over 6 years of experience as a psychotherapist and over 16 years of experience as a social worker. I support and empower clients who have a range of concerns including adjusting to life transitions, relationship challenges, exploring various aspects of identity (i.e., race, sexuality, gender), trauma, grief and loss, navigating the world as a neurodivergent person, and more. When appropriate, I utilize humor in the therapy room, and I also welcome exploring creative ways of healing through avenues such as art, music, and play.
(415) 874-0759 View (415) 874-0759
Photo of Cecilie Herring, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cecilie Herring
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist offering psychotherapy to adults, adolescents, and children. My training focuses on helping my clients improve their relationships with themselves and others, navigate life transitions, and heal from traumatic experiences. My overall approach seeks to provide a warm, trusting, nonjudgemental relationship in which you are deeply listened to and can safely and freely discuss your challenges, concerns, and vulnerabilities.
I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist offering psychotherapy to adults, adolescents, and children. My training focuses on helping my clients improve their relationships with themselves and others, navigate life transitions, and heal from traumatic experiences. My overall approach seeks to provide a warm, trusting, nonjudgemental relationship in which you are deeply listened to and can safely and freely discuss your challenges, concerns, and vulnerabilities.
(415) 517-9319 View (415) 517-9319
Photo of Marty L. Cooper, PhD, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marty L. Cooper
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Verified Verified
Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA 94118
If you have a history of depression and anxiety, you no doubt know what it feels like to move through your day as if trudging through a swamp. At worst, there's little desire or motivation or energy, and then when you do climb out of these moods, you see yourself at some point fall back in. You are likely wanting to learn how to gain some permanent ground, to not have your mood rule you, and to just feel better from day to day. If this is what you are after, then I'd like to help.
If you have a history of depression and anxiety, you no doubt know what it feels like to move through your day as if trudging through a swamp. At worst, there's little desire or motivation or energy, and then when you do climb out of these moods, you see yourself at some point fall back in. You are likely wanting to learn how to gain some permanent ground, to not have your mood rule you, and to just feel better from day to day. If this is what you are after, then I'd like to help.
(415) 894-0951 View (415) 894-0951
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA

300+

Average cost per session

$188

Therapists in Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
70% Grief
64% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Cigna and Evernorth
59% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
56% Optum

How Therapists in Inner Richmond, San Francisco, CA see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Inner Richmond, San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.