Addiction Therapists in Lemon Grove, CA

Photo of Veronica D Martin-Parris, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Veronica D Martin-Parris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
Further, expertise includes psychotherapy, facilitation of education and therapeutic groups which address disease management, substance abuse, anger management, parenting and issues related to child and sexual abuse.
Veronica Martin-Parris has been a licensed clinical social worker since 2006 and has over 25 years of experience in psychotherapy. She has undergraduate degree in Health Science with an Emphasis in Community Health and a Minor in African American Studies. Mrs. Parris also has a Masters degree in Social Work with a concentration in Administration and Health from San Diego State University. Find more information about her at www.purposevisiontherapy.com
Further, expertise includes psychotherapy, facilitation of education and therapeutic groups which address disease management, substance abuse, anger management, parenting and issues related to child and sexual abuse.
Veronica Martin-Parris has been a licensed clinical social worker since 2006 and has over 25 years of experience in psychotherapy. She has undergraduate degree in Health Science with an Emphasis in Community Health and a Minor in African American Studies. Mrs. Parris also has a Masters degree in Social Work with a concentration in Administration and Health from San Diego State University. Find more information about her at www.purposevisiontherapy.com
(619) 345-5625 View (619) 345-5625
Photo of Cara Silva, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cara Silva
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
Which cycle are you stuck in? The cycle of abuse, cycle of addiction, cycle of life.
My passion is to empower those that have not found their potential. We all have our own stories and experiences which makes us perfect candidates for success when we have the right support. Whether you have lived it, experienced it or witnessed it, the effects of trauma are devastating. Quit beating yourself up. It is time to heal. With 20 years experience in addiction and over 10 working with trauma, it is time to recover from the past, survive the present, and flourish into the future. It all starts with you.
Which cycle are you stuck in? The cycle of abuse, cycle of addiction, cycle of life.
My passion is to empower those that have not found their potential. We all have our own stories and experiences which makes us perfect candidates for success when we have the right support. Whether you have lived it, experienced it or witnessed it, the effects of trauma are devastating. Quit beating yourself up. It is time to heal. With 20 years experience in addiction and over 10 working with trauma, it is time to recover from the past, survive the present, and flourish into the future. It all starts with you.
(619) 304-0863 View (619) 304-0863
Photo of Elene Bratton - ANKH Family Counseling, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
ANKH Family Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
Welcome to my mobile practice, where I bring the healing to you! Licensed since 1997, I offer a wealth of professional and personal lived experience to assist you with both your individual and family needs. If you join me we will work together to reach your goals. It is hard work to become our best selves & live our best lives, free from harmful responses due to wounds & holes, left over from an earlier life. You will have the support to overcome obstacles to healing the past, staying present and embracing the future, all this while developing a better understanding & acceptance for yourself, and others just as you are.
Welcome to my mobile practice, where I bring the healing to you! Licensed since 1997, I offer a wealth of professional and personal lived experience to assist you with both your individual and family needs. If you join me we will work together to reach your goals. It is hard work to become our best selves & live our best lives, free from harmful responses due to wounds & holes, left over from an earlier life. You will have the support to overcome obstacles to healing the past, staying present and embracing the future, all this while developing a better understanding & acceptance for yourself, and others just as you are.
(619) 332-4808 View (619) 332-4808
Photo of Lisa Ann Auslander, PhD, Psychologist
Lisa Ann Auslander
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
My approach to therapy is warm and collaborative. I believe growth comes from enhancing our understanding of ourselves and learning to make choices that can lead us to greater freedom and lasting positive change. Removing symptoms, changing self-defeating patterns, improving self-esteem, working with our strengths, and developing healthy relationships are each a part of this meaningful process. As a Voluntary Assistant Clinical Professor in the UCSD School of Medicine, I teach and supervise residents in the Psychiatry Residency Training Program
My approach to therapy is warm and collaborative. I believe growth comes from enhancing our understanding of ourselves and learning to make choices that can lead us to greater freedom and lasting positive change. Removing symptoms, changing self-defeating patterns, improving self-esteem, working with our strengths, and developing healthy relationships are each a part of this meaningful process. As a Voluntary Assistant Clinical Professor in the UCSD School of Medicine, I teach and supervise residents in the Psychiatry Residency Training Program
(858) 863-7962 View (858) 863-7962
Photo of Lynn Lunceford, PsyD, Psychologist
Lynn Lunceford
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
Not accepting new clients
Do you find yourself struggling with things that used to feel easy? Are you worried about a job, money, or relationship that seems to be slipping through your fingers? Do you have a child who’s struggling and things seem to be getting worse? It can feel like your world is collapsing in on you and no one understands what you’re going through. Do you find you’re having trouble sleeping, concentrating, or just communicating? Even though you’re doing the best that you can, you just might need a little help getting things back on track.
Do you find yourself struggling with things that used to feel easy? Are you worried about a job, money, or relationship that seems to be slipping through your fingers? Do you have a child who’s struggling and things seem to be getting worse? It can feel like your world is collapsing in on you and no one understands what you’re going through. Do you find you’re having trouble sleeping, concentrating, or just communicating? Even though you’re doing the best that you can, you just might need a little help getting things back on track.
(619) 324-3773 View (619) 324-3773
Photo of Breffni Barrett, Psychologist
Breffni Barrett
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
My approach to therapy is to meet with the person, couple or family, to assess the issues and see if we can problem solve together. Former clients have described me as warm, competent, compassionate and effective as a therapist. I have been licensed as a psychologist and marriage and family therapist for more than 30 years, and have served as an expert witness as a forensic psychologist. I have been trained in mediation and worked with family businesses. My service to my profession includes being President of the California Association of Marriage and Family Therapists and Treasurer of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. I believe we are here to help one another, and look forward to working with you.
My approach to therapy is to meet with the person, couple or family, to assess the issues and see if we can problem solve together. Former clients have described me as warm, competent, compassionate and effective as a therapist. I have been licensed as a psychologist and marriage and family therapist for more than 30 years, and have served as an expert witness as a forensic psychologist. I have been trained in mediation and worked with family businesses. My service to my profession includes being President of the California Association of Marriage and Family Therapists and Treasurer of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. I believe we are here to help one another, and look forward to working with you.
(619) 567-3749 View (619) 567-3749
Photo of M. Gene Ondrusek, PhD, Psychologist
M. Gene Ondrusek
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
Waitlist for new clients
After 35 years in the San Diego area, I feel particularly well suited to working with clients with a variety of "problems in living." Managing stress, lifestyle balance, coping with relationship issues, and workplace difficulties affect us all, and having professional support and input is now not only acceptable, but crucial. And, research has shown that of all the factors that are key in predicting a positive outcome in any form of therapy, the quality of the relationship with your therapist is the most important. And that is my focus!
After 35 years in the San Diego area, I feel particularly well suited to working with clients with a variety of "problems in living." Managing stress, lifestyle balance, coping with relationship issues, and workplace difficulties affect us all, and having professional support and input is now not only acceptable, but crucial. And, research has shown that of all the factors that are key in predicting a positive outcome in any form of therapy, the quality of the relationship with your therapist is the most important. And that is my focus!
(858) 215-1990 View (858) 215-1990
Photo of Paul R Sussman, PhD, Psychologist
Paul R Sussman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
Not accepting new clients
Feeling good matters! I am a clinical psychologist and marriage family therapist with 30+ years of professional experience working with individuals, couples and groups close to Balboa Park, San Diego. I love psychology and my work. I specialize in the areas of intimacy and relationships, sexuality, self-esteem, trauma and coping, sexuality/sexual orientation, anxiety and mood. I work well with motivated, higher functioning individuals and couples committed to learning, growth and development. My style is direct, empathic and action-oriented.
Feeling good matters! I am a clinical psychologist and marriage family therapist with 30+ years of professional experience working with individuals, couples and groups close to Balboa Park, San Diego. I love psychology and my work. I specialize in the areas of intimacy and relationships, sexuality, self-esteem, trauma and coping, sexuality/sexual orientation, anxiety and mood. I work well with motivated, higher functioning individuals and couples committed to learning, growth and development. My style is direct, empathic and action-oriented.
(619) 663-5916 View (619) 663-5916
Photo of Vanja Gale, PsyD, Psychologist
Vanja Gale
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lemon Grove, CA 91945  (Online Only)
I have a general practice, in which I treat a variety of clients with many different challenges. I help my clients overcome their struggles, by finding better ways of coping and adjusting to these challenges. I can help clients make changes within themselves and with their relationships with others. There is always hope for change.
I have a general practice, in which I treat a variety of clients with many different challenges. I help my clients overcome their struggles, by finding better ways of coping and adjusting to these challenges. I can help clients make changes within themselves and with their relationships with others. There is always hope for change.
(619) 300-6209 View (619) 300-6209
Photo of Myles Childs, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Myles Childs
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lemon Grove, CA 91945
Waitlist for new clients
Reaching out for help? In a time of need, it can be overwhelming. I want to commend you for acknowledging that you would like some support. Through individual, couple, family, group, and other relational therapy, I provide emotional and mental support to help my clients gain, regain, and maintain a healthy life. As a therapist of color, I'm intentional about creating a safe space where diversity and cultural differences are respected and valued. I'm passionate about my clients’ wellness and aim to provide clients with space and time to be their most authentic and unapologetic selves without fear of judgment.
Reaching out for help? In a time of need, it can be overwhelming. I want to commend you for acknowledging that you would like some support. Through individual, couple, family, group, and other relational therapy, I provide emotional and mental support to help my clients gain, regain, and maintain a healthy life. As a therapist of color, I'm intentional about creating a safe space where diversity and cultural differences are respected and valued. I'm passionate about my clients’ wellness and aim to provide clients with space and time to be their most authentic and unapologetic selves without fear of judgment.
(858) 758-8038 View (858) 758-8038

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Nicholas Russi, LAADC-S, CCS, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Nicholas Russi
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LAADC-S, CCS
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92105
For many years I struggled with addiction, Anxiety, and depression.
**Telehealth Video sessions are available** Are you having trouble controlling your drinking but feel like "rehab" isn't for you? Have loved ones in your life pleaded with you to stop? Is your alcohol or drug use causing relationship issues? Anxiety problems? I know exactly how your feeling. Alcohol or drug abuse can extremely difficult to manage on your own. For the last 19 years I’ve been helping clients navigate the personal recovery process and the trials and tribulations they come with it. If you are in a place in your life where you are ready to make some needed changes, I can help you be free from the grips of addiction.
For many years I struggled with addiction, Anxiety, and depression.
**Telehealth Video sessions are available** Are you having trouble controlling your drinking but feel like "rehab" isn't for you? Have loved ones in your life pleaded with you to stop? Is your alcohol or drug use causing relationship issues? Anxiety problems? I know exactly how your feeling. Alcohol or drug abuse can extremely difficult to manage on your own. For the last 19 years I’ve been helping clients navigate the personal recovery process and the trials and tribulations they come with it. If you are in a place in your life where you are ready to make some needed changes, I can help you be free from the grips of addiction.
(619) 324-3629 View (619) 324-3629
Photo of Julie M Hayden, MRS, MACP, PsyD, Psychologist
Julie M Hayden
Psychologist, MRS, MACP, PsyD
Verified Verified
La Mesa, CA 91942
I specialize in alcohol and substance addictions, as well as situations that lead to addictions, such as, chronic mental illness, PTSD, gambling, sex addiction, past trauma and abuse, chronic pain, and more.
Addiction is not a problem to be fixed, but rather a person. I have worked with many people with various addictions and realize that addressing one problem from one perspective is not enough. I specialize in getting to know a person first and then helping that person heal from past hurts, learn skills for problem-solving, improve communication, build strong relationships, practice ways to manage strong emotions, learn to slow down and change their harmful or intrusive thoughts, draw from their faith for strength, develop strong support systems, and with all this, hope of long-term recovery can become reality.
I specialize in alcohol and substance addictions, as well as situations that lead to addictions, such as, chronic mental illness, PTSD, gambling, sex addiction, past trauma and abuse, chronic pain, and more.
Addiction is not a problem to be fixed, but rather a person. I have worked with many people with various addictions and realize that addressing one problem from one perspective is not enough. I specialize in getting to know a person first and then helping that person heal from past hurts, learn skills for problem-solving, improve communication, build strong relationships, practice ways to manage strong emotions, learn to slow down and change their harmful or intrusive thoughts, draw from their faith for strength, develop strong support systems, and with all this, hope of long-term recovery can become reality.
(844) 262-8310 View (844) 262-8310
Photo of Sheyvon Turner, LPCC
Sheyvon Turner
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
La Mesa, CA 91941
Hello, my name is Sheyvon Fullwood Turner and I am the founder of Building Strengths Counseling Services. I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Navy veteran. I have been working with children, adolescents, and adults, who have been struggling with adjusting to life changes, managing challenging behaviors and thoughts, relationship issues, trauma, and addiction for the past 8 years. I utilize therapeutic modalities such as play therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and brief solution-focused therapy, just to name a few.
Hello, my name is Sheyvon Fullwood Turner and I am the founder of Building Strengths Counseling Services. I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Navy veteran. I have been working with children, adolescents, and adults, who have been struggling with adjusting to life changes, managing challenging behaviors and thoughts, relationship issues, trauma, and addiction for the past 8 years. I utilize therapeutic modalities such as play therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and brief solution-focused therapy, just to name a few.
(805) 515-3144 View (805) 515-3144
Photo of Mikayla Weathers, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mikayla Weathers
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92115  (Online Only)
I believe through a therapeutic & safe relationship, you will have the ability to work though past & current struggles. Whether you find yourself having trouble in your relationships, are dealing with a substance related issue, are desiring a better connection with yourself, or are struggling with trauma, I know I can help you, help yourself. My passion is walking along side those suffering to encourage and support healing. I am LGBTQIA+ affirming & support those dealing with gender identity/expression issues; self, family, and community acceptance; & those pre, during & post transition.
I believe through a therapeutic & safe relationship, you will have the ability to work though past & current struggles. Whether you find yourself having trouble in your relationships, are dealing with a substance related issue, are desiring a better connection with yourself, or are struggling with trauma, I know I can help you, help yourself. My passion is walking along side those suffering to encourage and support healing. I am LGBTQIA+ affirming & support those dealing with gender identity/expression issues; self, family, and community acceptance; & those pre, during & post transition.
(619) 350-4755 View (619) 350-4755
Photo of Anna Noble, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Anna Noble
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92115  (Online Only)
Living with PTSD, addiction, or a neurodivergent brain can feel overwhelming. Each day might bring new challenges and struggles, impacting your relationships, work, and overall well-being. You might feel isolated, misunderstood, or unable to cope with daily stressors. You continue to act and think in ways that are not aligned with your values. I am here to help you navigate these difficulties, offering support and guidance tailored to your unique life experiences and needs.
Living with PTSD, addiction, or a neurodivergent brain can feel overwhelming. Each day might bring new challenges and struggles, impacting your relationships, work, and overall well-being. You might feel isolated, misunderstood, or unable to cope with daily stressors. You continue to act and think in ways that are not aligned with your values. I am here to help you navigate these difficulties, offering support and guidance tailored to your unique life experiences and needs.
(858) 544-0659 View (858) 544-0659
Photo of Ashlee Wilson, LPCC
Ashlee Wilson
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92114
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who specializes in co-occurring (mental health and substance abuse) disorders. I have been practicing for several years and believe in treating clients with mental health and/or substance abuse issues from a holistic approach. While medicine management can be a crucial aspect of treatment, I believe, to aid healing one must consider the human as a whole.
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who specializes in co-occurring (mental health and substance abuse) disorders. I have been practicing for several years and believe in treating clients with mental health and/or substance abuse issues from a holistic approach. While medicine management can be a crucial aspect of treatment, I believe, to aid healing one must consider the human as a whole.
(858) 289-0160 View (858) 289-0160
Photo of Jim Goethel, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jim Goethel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92175  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I have 22 years experience treating individuals, families and groups of all ages struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, anger, loss and addiction.
I would like to help you clarify your goals, identify obstacles to reaching those goals, and then work together collaboratively to determine the best method of navigating your life and relationships to achieve personal fulfillment. I believe that attitude and perception significantly impact how individuals deal with pain and conflict, and that exploring problematic areas from different perspectives in a safe, nonjudgmental environment can transform and heal.
I have 22 years experience treating individuals, families and groups of all ages struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, anger, loss and addiction.
I would like to help you clarify your goals, identify obstacles to reaching those goals, and then work together collaboratively to determine the best method of navigating your life and relationships to achieve personal fulfillment. I believe that attitude and perception significantly impact how individuals deal with pain and conflict, and that exploring problematic areas from different perspectives in a safe, nonjudgmental environment can transform and heal.
(619) 452-3038 View (619) 452-3038
Photo of Greg Piken, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Greg Piken
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
La Mesa, CA 91941
Waitlist for new clients
I’m excited to see you make breakthroughs as you overcome roadblocks like depression, anxiety, addiction, grief, trauma, and ADHD on your path toward emotional resilience, deeper relationships, and a more fulfilling life.
Have you ever wrestled with questions like… "If people really knew me, would they really love me? Why do I feel so stressed/ ashamed/ lost/ angry/ hopeless/ lonely/ stuck? Am I the only one who feels like this? Will I always feel this bad?" You’d be amazed how many people like you and like me, have bravely asked those questions and found real answers and real hope. I really care about people, and whether I work with you individually, in a group, or as a couple, my hope is that therapy will be the safest and most inspiring place to discover that you are someone with an important story that deserves to be shared.
I’m excited to see you make breakthroughs as you overcome roadblocks like depression, anxiety, addiction, grief, trauma, and ADHD on your path toward emotional resilience, deeper relationships, and a more fulfilling life.
Have you ever wrestled with questions like… "If people really knew me, would they really love me? Why do I feel so stressed/ ashamed/ lost/ angry/ hopeless/ lonely/ stuck? Am I the only one who feels like this? Will I always feel this bad?" You’d be amazed how many people like you and like me, have bravely asked those questions and found real answers and real hope. I really care about people, and whether I work with you individually, in a group, or as a couple, my hope is that therapy will be the safest and most inspiring place to discover that you are someone with an important story that deserves to be shared.
(619) 387-7427 View (619) 387-7427
Photo of Christina Elizabeth Ames-Cotto - Hope, Growth & Healing Counseling, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Hope, Growth & Healing Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92115  (Online Only)
I have 6 years of experience working with diverse populations with a multitude of different challenges; some of which include intergenerational trauma, substance abuse, domestic violence, relationship conflict, neurodiversity, LGBTQIA, and cultural identity.
Offer Telehealth Only - Life provides happiness as well as its share of challenges. I believe individuals and couples are capable of navigating life but sometimes need a little extra help and compassion. Therapy can be that place where a person can discuss, learn and work through any past or present challenges that may be getting in the way of living a happy and hopeful life.
I have 6 years of experience working with diverse populations with a multitude of different challenges; some of which include intergenerational trauma, substance abuse, domestic violence, relationship conflict, neurodiversity, LGBTQIA, and cultural identity.
Offer Telehealth Only - Life provides happiness as well as its share of challenges. I believe individuals and couples are capable of navigating life but sometimes need a little extra help and compassion. Therapy can be that place where a person can discuss, learn and work through any past or present challenges that may be getting in the way of living a happy and hopeful life.
(619) 776-3039 View (619) 776-3039
Photo of Alanna Walker, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alanna Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
La Mesa, CA 91942
Hi there, I'm Alanna! My name is Alanna Walker, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Las Vegas, Nevada. Currently, I provide telehealth services for clients in California. I also provided in-person and telehealth services for clients in Nevada. I am certified in dialectical behavioral therapy and domestic violence. I also have training in substance use disorder and addiction. The population I serve in practice ranges from children to adults. I have experience working with individuals dealing with anxiety, depression, PTSD, mood disorders, and substance use disorders.
Hi there, I'm Alanna! My name is Alanna Walker, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Las Vegas, Nevada. Currently, I provide telehealth services for clients in California. I also provided in-person and telehealth services for clients in Nevada. I am certified in dialectical behavioral therapy and domestic violence. I also have training in substance use disorder and addiction. The population I serve in practice ranges from children to adults. I have experience working with individuals dealing with anxiety, depression, PTSD, mood disorders, and substance use disorders.
(209) 859-3445 View (209) 859-3445

Addiction Therapists

What is the best therapy for addiction?

Addiction treatment will be tailored to the individual. People seeking help for addiction—whether with a psychotherapist, in an outpatient clinic, or in a residential program—should expect to engage in multiple types of treatments, sometimes including medication. For anyone recovering from addiction, avoiding situations in which one has typically used a substance is essential, as is the support of close connections. Since substance use disorders tend to co-occur with underlying mental health conditions such as anxiety or depression, those must also be addressed as part of any recovery plan.

How long does therapy for addiction take?

There is no set timeline for recovery from addiction. Patients and their families should expect the work to last several months, if not longer. Residential treatment programs may be based on a stay of 30, 60, or 90 days, with continuing work after release, but only about 1 percent of people are treated in such facilities. Ceasing use is just the first step; therapy to help maintain abstinence and effect behavior change must follow. The process of recovery, neuroscience has shown, involves brain cells recovering the capacity to respond to natural sources of reward and restore control over the impulse to use. Another definition of recovery is restoring voluntary control over one’s substance use and retaking all of one’s previous responsibilities.

How effective is drug addiction treatment?

Substance use disorders are treatable and remission is achievable for many who seek recovery; by some estimates, more than three-quarters of people who become addicted to alcohol or drugs recover. But that success rarely occurs quickly or on a set timeline; relapse is not only common, but many therapists and clinicians view it as a normal part of the process—not always a sign that a person has returned to addiction, but a signal that their treatment should be adjusted to help them regain control. Overall, research suggests, five years after the end of substance use, one’s risk of relapse is no greater than that of others who had not faced addiction. Other experts believe that complete abstinence is not the only measure of recovery, and that, through effective treatment, many people can learn to control their use.

How can you get addiction treatment for someone?

The most important factor in recovery from addiction is widely understood to be an individual’s commitment to change. For that reason,“interventions” in which friends and family gather to urge or force someone to begin immediate treatment often backfire; even when such efforts do lead someone to begin treatment, they may be less likely to stay than those who are self-driven. Still, family members can play an important role in supporting an individual who seeks help and can take part in family therapy as one element of a loved one’s treatment.