Photo of Oscar G Haupt, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Oscar G Haupt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
My name is Oscar and I have been helping people for over three decades. Over the years and in my own personal life, I have discovered that life is a long journey. During this journey, we experience ups and downs, darkness and lightness, silence and loudness. At times, the journey feels effortless. Other times it feels very taxing.
My name is Oscar and I have been helping people for over three decades. Over the years and in my own personal life, I have discovered that life is a long journey. During this journey, we experience ups and downs, darkness and lightness, silence and loudness. At times, the journey feels effortless. Other times it feels very taxing.
(509) 337-4904 View (509) 337-4904
Photo of Kristina Valdivia - Thrive Today Therapy, PLLC, LMFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Thrive Today Therapy, PLLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Hello, my approach to counseling is simple, you are the expert in your life, and I am here to assist you in your journey. My priority is to create a warm, inviting, and understanding environment while assisting you in learning how to recognize and break patterns of behavior, while working through the past to connect you to your most authentic self. This is a judgement free zone, where you are allowed to express yourself openly and honestly.
Hello, my approach to counseling is simple, you are the expert in your life, and I am here to assist you in your journey. My priority is to create a warm, inviting, and understanding environment while assisting you in learning how to recognize and break patterns of behavior, while working through the past to connect you to your most authentic self. This is a judgement free zone, where you are allowed to express yourself openly and honestly.
(509) 685-3185 View (509) 685-3185
Photo of Annie Gerut, MA, NCC, Counselor
Annie Gerut
Counselor, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201
I approach clients with empathy, valuing each individual's unique experiences. Life challenges can leave us feeling stuck, and I see hope as a catalyst for transformative change. Seeking support is a courageous step toward connection and guidance, not a sign of failure! Whether you, your child, or your family is navigating transitions, anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, everyday stress, relationship distress, or trauma, my goal is to provide a safe and supportive space tailored to your needs and goals. Together, we can explore the roots of your distress and implement tools for healing, personal growth, and self-discovery.
I approach clients with empathy, valuing each individual's unique experiences. Life challenges can leave us feeling stuck, and I see hope as a catalyst for transformative change. Seeking support is a courageous step toward connection and guidance, not a sign of failure! Whether you, your child, or your family is navigating transitions, anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, everyday stress, relationship distress, or trauma, my goal is to provide a safe and supportive space tailored to your needs and goals. Together, we can explore the roots of your distress and implement tools for healing, personal growth, and self-discovery.
(509) 685-3280 View (509) 685-3280
Photo of Jessica Campbell, LMHC, IATP, QEEG-D, Counselor
Jessica Campbell
Counselor, LMHC, IATP, QEEG-D
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
I work with an eclectic approach to therapy. By forming a strong, therapeutic alliance the client and counselor embark on a journey toward shared treatment goals. My theoretical approach to counseling enlists pieces of cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and interpersonal psychotherapy. With evidence-based treatment practices, the client can learn new methods of coping with mental health distress. One main area of focus is the treatment of trauma. Too often, clients have attended counseling with no relief of symptoms and have revealed that the trauma they experienced was unaddressed. As a Certified Trauma Specialist, I am passionate about helping clients heal from traumatic experiences.
I work with an eclectic approach to therapy. By forming a strong, therapeutic alliance the client and counselor embark on a journey toward shared treatment goals. My theoretical approach to counseling enlists pieces of cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and interpersonal psychotherapy. With evidence-based treatment practices, the client can learn new methods of coping with mental health distress. One main area of focus is the treatment of trauma. Too often, clients have attended counseling with no relief of symptoms and have revealed that the trauma they experienced was unaddressed. As a Certified Trauma Specialist, I am passionate about helping clients heal from traumatic experiences.
(509) 822-2376 View (509) 822-2376
Photo of Brenna Curbow, LMSW, LSWAIC
Brenna Curbow
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Provider specializing in Women's, gender, & LGBTQ+ issues using evidenced-based and trauma-informed, holistic approaches like CBT, DBT, strength-based, and solution-focused therapies. I offer individual, couples, and family sessions. Coming from a Social Work background, I stand in solidarity with people of the global majority and offer a safe space for all.
Provider specializing in Women's, gender, & LGBTQ+ issues using evidenced-based and trauma-informed, holistic approaches like CBT, DBT, strength-based, and solution-focused therapies. I offer individual, couples, and family sessions. Coming from a Social Work background, I stand in solidarity with people of the global majority and offer a safe space for all.
(509) 402-2781 View (509) 402-2781
Photo of LaTasha B Frazier - Symp Way Counseling, LPCA, LMHCA, AADC, CS, SAP, Counselor
Symp Way Counseling
Counselor, LPCA, LMHCA, AADC, CS, SAP
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Stimulating Yielded Masterful Persistence (SYMP) Whether you feel overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, or that life has become dull and uninspiring, our mission is to support you in working toward your goals. We will work together to build new skills and begin to uncover what has kept you feeling stuck. It may be that you are unsatisfied in the way you've been managing your life and relationships and wondering if a new approach would be helpful. Our services include counseling for a range of mental health concerns, including substance abuse, depression, anxiety, trauma, ADHD, anger management, and grief counseling.
Stimulating Yielded Masterful Persistence (SYMP) Whether you feel overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, or that life has become dull and uninspiring, our mission is to support you in working toward your goals. We will work together to build new skills and begin to uncover what has kept you feeling stuck. It may be that you are unsatisfied in the way you've been managing your life and relationships and wondering if a new approach would be helpful. Our services include counseling for a range of mental health concerns, including substance abuse, depression, anxiety, trauma, ADHD, anger management, and grief counseling.
(509) 642-6875 View (509) 642-6875
Photo of Kade Freeman, LMHC-A, Counselor
Kade Freeman
Counselor, LMHC-A
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
Join me in a space of acceptance while going through your therapy experience, where we honor diversity within cultural backgrounds, neurodiversity, and expressions of gender and sexuality. Together, let’s explore how your identity, thought patterns and experiences shape your unique view of the world. I am dedicated to supporting individuals with cognitive differences, including ADHD, autism, and various disabilities, as well as serving the LGBTQ+ population. Additionally, I am passionate about guiding individuals through their personal grief journeys.
Join me in a space of acceptance while going through your therapy experience, where we honor diversity within cultural backgrounds, neurodiversity, and expressions of gender and sexuality. Together, let’s explore how your identity, thought patterns and experiences shape your unique view of the world. I am dedicated to supporting individuals with cognitive differences, including ADHD, autism, and various disabilities, as well as serving the LGBTQ+ population. Additionally, I am passionate about guiding individuals through their personal grief journeys.
(509) 481-9629 View (509) 481-9629
Photo of Rebecca Holland, LMHCA, Counselor
Rebecca Holland
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
Rebecca is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), who has been practicing for almost 20 years. She graduated from University of Alaska Fairbanks with a degree in Psychology, and has also taken full masters classes through Capella University for counseling. Rebecca believes in Person Centered therapy, with the client's needs and desire to create difference, along with a solid trusting relationship between client and therapist, being the strongest foundation for making any change. Her main areas of focus include individuals struggling with trauma/PTSD, anxiety and depression.
Rebecca is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), who has been practicing for almost 20 years. She graduated from University of Alaska Fairbanks with a degree in Psychology, and has also taken full masters classes through Capella University for counseling. Rebecca believes in Person Centered therapy, with the client's needs and desire to create difference, along with a solid trusting relationship between client and therapist, being the strongest foundation for making any change. Her main areas of focus include individuals struggling with trauma/PTSD, anxiety and depression.
(509) 282-5445 View (509) 282-5445
Photo of Lauren Kohler, LSWAIC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren Kohler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
Welcome! Reaching out for help takes courage, and you are taking a courageous step towards healing. Perhaps you are here because each day is a struggle, like trudging through deep waters, each step feeling like it is too much. Maybe the thought of going through your day makes your heart race and your head spin. Or do you live with painful memories and intrusive thoughts from your past? It is possible to feel light and joy in your life again. Therapy can help you rediscover yourself - work towards a happier, healthier, more functional you - in a safe space free of judgment or fear.
Welcome! Reaching out for help takes courage, and you are taking a courageous step towards healing. Perhaps you are here because each day is a struggle, like trudging through deep waters, each step feeling like it is too much. Maybe the thought of going through your day makes your heart race and your head spin. Or do you live with painful memories and intrusive thoughts from your past? It is possible to feel light and joy in your life again. Therapy can help you rediscover yourself - work towards a happier, healthier, more functional you - in a safe space free of judgment or fear.
(509) 519-3828 View (509) 519-3828
Photo of LaBre Roy, LPC, LMHCA, RMHC-I, Pre-Licensed Professional
LaBre Roy
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC, LMHCA, RMHC-I
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Greetings! I’ve endured some wonderful and difficult experiences that have shaped who I am and how I help. My professional and personal journey has provided me with unique clinical knowledge that includes trauma, PTSD, anxiety, hopeless depression, cycles of substance abuse, and severe mental illnesses such as borderline personality disorder, bipolar, and schizophrenia.. By working with diverse (BIPOC) populations I have been successful in helping clients develop interpersonal communication skills, healthy coping strategies, and promoting optimal mental health.
Greetings! I’ve endured some wonderful and difficult experiences that have shaped who I am and how I help. My professional and personal journey has provided me with unique clinical knowledge that includes trauma, PTSD, anxiety, hopeless depression, cycles of substance abuse, and severe mental illnesses such as borderline personality disorder, bipolar, and schizophrenia.. By working with diverse (BIPOC) populations I have been successful in helping clients develop interpersonal communication skills, healthy coping strategies, and promoting optimal mental health.
(509) 519-1646 View (509) 519-1646
Photo of Bridget Curran, MBA, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Bridget Curran
Counselor, MBA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201
Waitlist for new clients
Hi there! I specialize in helping people navigate the dark difficult edges of life. Darkness might express itself as depression, anxiety, persistent grief, a sense of isolation, suicidal thoughts, a feeling of being stuck, or... a whole mess of things unique to you. ​In therapy, we work together to build a container that can hold the inevitable fear that comes with exploring dark edges, and the rejected, heavy parts of ourselves that seem to keep getting in our way. It turns out, witnessing and caring for these troubled parts of ourselves, opens up possibility for deep joy, curiosity, emotional courage and life shifting compassion.
Hi there! I specialize in helping people navigate the dark difficult edges of life. Darkness might express itself as depression, anxiety, persistent grief, a sense of isolation, suicidal thoughts, a feeling of being stuck, or... a whole mess of things unique to you. ​In therapy, we work together to build a container that can hold the inevitable fear that comes with exploring dark edges, and the rejected, heavy parts of ourselves that seem to keep getting in our way. It turns out, witnessing and caring for these troubled parts of ourselves, opens up possibility for deep joy, curiosity, emotional courage and life shifting compassion.
(509) 260-3848 View (509) 260-3848
Photo of Dr. Erika Miley, LMHC, Counselor
Dr. Erika Miley
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
53 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
If you're dealing with issues like your sexuality, relationships, or body image, I want to help you. I am a specialized Sex Therapist, working with clients from adolescents to adults on issues including sexuality, relationship issues, depression, anxiety, body image, and bariatric surgery. I work with those who are in monogamous relationships or non-monogamous relationships. My group practice also has several therapists who are kind-friendly and trained in human sexuality. They can work with folks who struggle with anger, body image, shame, grief, trauma, relationships and more. We can help you be the person you want to be!
If you're dealing with issues like your sexuality, relationships, or body image, I want to help you. I am a specialized Sex Therapist, working with clients from adolescents to adults on issues including sexuality, relationship issues, depression, anxiety, body image, and bariatric surgery. I work with those who are in monogamous relationships or non-monogamous relationships. My group practice also has several therapists who are kind-friendly and trained in human sexuality. They can work with folks who struggle with anger, body image, shame, grief, trauma, relationships and more. We can help you be the person you want to be!
(509) 330-5540 View (509) 330-5540
Photo of Nicole Andersen, MSW, LICSWA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole Andersen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSWA
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
I am a gender-affirming and trauma-informed therapist who specializes in working with teens and adults struggling with depression, anxiety, and trauma-related concerns. I have experience providing therapy on virtual and in-person setting and can help create supportive environment for each individual client. I cherish the stories of clients and work to create a safe space for healing and growth.
I am a gender-affirming and trauma-informed therapist who specializes in working with teens and adults struggling with depression, anxiety, and trauma-related concerns. I have experience providing therapy on virtual and in-person setting and can help create supportive environment for each individual client. I cherish the stories of clients and work to create a safe space for healing and growth.
(509) 478-1772 View (509) 478-1772
Photo of Grant Cooper, MA, LMHCA, g, Counselor
Grant Cooper
Counselor, MA, LMHCA, g
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
I help people (men, women, LGBTQ+, 17-55 years of age) navigate anxiety, PTSD, trauma, ADHD, deinstitutionalization, or experiencing barriers and feeling stuck. I believe that mental health is a continuum where we can all exist anywhere at any time within it.
I help people (men, women, LGBTQ+, 17-55 years of age) navigate anxiety, PTSD, trauma, ADHD, deinstitutionalization, or experiencing barriers and feeling stuck. I believe that mental health is a continuum where we can all exist anywhere at any time within it.
(509) 790-6475 View (509) 790-6475
Photo of Kolbi Peach, LICSW, MBA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kolbi Peach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MBA
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
As a therapist, I am passionate about working with adults and adolescents struggling with the inherent messiness and complexities of life. I believe in taking a non-judgmental client-centered approach, one that places clients in the driver’s seat of their treatment. Together we can identify your goals, develop strategies to meet those goals, and collaboratively work through obstacles to build a healthier life one session at a time.
As a therapist, I am passionate about working with adults and adolescents struggling with the inherent messiness and complexities of life. I believe in taking a non-judgmental client-centered approach, one that places clients in the driver’s seat of their treatment. Together we can identify your goals, develop strategies to meet those goals, and collaboratively work through obstacles to build a healthier life one session at a time.
(509) 341-1455 View (509) 341-1455
Photo of Christopher Waters, PhD, MAT, Psychologist
Christopher Waters
Psychologist, PhD, MAT
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
I am a clinical psychologist with a Doctorate in Psychology. I enjoy working with people seeking deep personal growth. I help people with a variety of mental health concerns such as depression, anxiety, bipolar, and relationship issues. One of my speciality areas is treating people with trauma and dissociation. I also have a Master's Degree in Theology meaning that I can help people who struggle with a combination of mental health and spiritual problems. I use interventions such as: CBT to help clarify thoughts and emotions; Gestalt Therapy and EMDR to treat deeper pain; and Clinical Hypnosis to redirect difficult behaviors.
I am a clinical psychologist with a Doctorate in Psychology. I enjoy working with people seeking deep personal growth. I help people with a variety of mental health concerns such as depression, anxiety, bipolar, and relationship issues. One of my speciality areas is treating people with trauma and dissociation. I also have a Master's Degree in Theology meaning that I can help people who struggle with a combination of mental health and spiritual problems. I use interventions such as: CBT to help clarify thoughts and emotions; Gestalt Therapy and EMDR to treat deeper pain; and Clinical Hypnosis to redirect difficult behaviors.
(509) 341-0207 View (509) 341-0207
Photo of Hannah Brugger, Pre-Licensed Professional
Hannah Brugger
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201
Hello, my name is Hannah Brugger and I am a graduate student at Gonzaga University working towards my master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Upon graduation, I will meet the educational requirements to pursue licensure as a National Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC). Counseling can be a daunting step in your journey to wellness and I desire to be a guide on your road to well-being. I believe people have immense value and my goal is to help individuals discover their inherent worth. Not unlike a tender plant in a darkened room, everyone is reaching toward light and meaning.
Hello, my name is Hannah Brugger and I am a graduate student at Gonzaga University working towards my master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Upon graduation, I will meet the educational requirements to pursue licensure as a National Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC). Counseling can be a daunting step in your journey to wellness and I desire to be a guide on your road to well-being. I believe people have immense value and my goal is to help individuals discover their inherent worth. Not unlike a tender plant in a darkened room, everyone is reaching toward light and meaning.
(509) 775-6537 View (509) 775-6537
Photo of Austin Gonzalez-Randolph, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Austin Gonzalez-Randolph
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Psychological testing evaluations for ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and other issues are available via telehealth.
Psychological testing evaluations for ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and other issues are available via telehealth.
(509) 647-7949 View (509) 647-7949
Photo of Ebony Starr Warren, MSW, CDCA, LMCHA, Counselor
Ebony Starr Warren
Counselor, MSW, CDCA, LMCHA
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Thank YOU! YOU have just made the first step to putting yourself first! There are many ways to do that, it would be my pleasure to hear the story that makes YOU who YOU are. My goal as a therapist is to better understand YOU, provide tools to develop YOU into the best version of yourself. I am a dedicated and compassionate therapist, with over a decade of experience in providing support and advocacy for children and adults facing mental health, life challenges. This will be a non-judgmental space with health conversations. I'm looking forward to supporting YOU on your journey as we navigate through obstacles while victory awaits.
Thank YOU! YOU have just made the first step to putting yourself first! There are many ways to do that, it would be my pleasure to hear the story that makes YOU who YOU are. My goal as a therapist is to better understand YOU, provide tools to develop YOU into the best version of yourself. I am a dedicated and compassionate therapist, with over a decade of experience in providing support and advocacy for children and adults facing mental health, life challenges. This will be a non-judgmental space with health conversations. I'm looking forward to supporting YOU on your journey as we navigate through obstacles while victory awaits.
(509) 749-8803 View (509) 749-8803
Photo of Caitlin Hill, LMFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Caitlin Hill
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
Are you emotionally exhausted? Do you find yourself caught in repeating patterns of conflict, anger, and resentment? Are you completely unsure if you and your partner are even capable of understanding each other? Do you feel defeated by feelings of disconnection and emotional tension without the tools to move toward real change? As a relational therapist, I help individuals, couples, and families like you better understand your patterns of conflict, learn ways to hear and be heard, and find effective tools and strategies to manage your relationships. I would love to help you rediscover the joy in your relationships.
Are you emotionally exhausted? Do you find yourself caught in repeating patterns of conflict, anger, and resentment? Are you completely unsure if you and your partner are even capable of understanding each other? Do you feel defeated by feelings of disconnection and emotional tension without the tools to move toward real change? As a relational therapist, I help individuals, couples, and families like you better understand your patterns of conflict, learn ways to hear and be heard, and find effective tools and strategies to manage your relationships. I would love to help you rediscover the joy in your relationships.
(509) 563-7615 View (509) 563-7615
1
...

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 99201

500+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in 99201 who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Self Esteem
71% Stress
70% Relationship Issues
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

6 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
65% Premera
61% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 99201 see their clients

55% Online Only
45% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 99201?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.