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. 2024 Jan 12;25(2):968.
doi: 10.3390/ijms25020968.

Proteomic Profiling Identifies Candidate Diagnostic Biomarkers of Hydrosalpinx in Endometrial Fluid: A Pilot Study

Roberto Gonzalez-Martin  1 , Pedro de Castro  1 , Carmen Fernandez  2 , Fernando Quintana  2 , Alicia Quiñonero  1 , Marcos Ferrando  2 , Francisco Dominguez  1
Affiliations

Proteomic Profiling Identifies Candidate Diagnostic Biomarkers of Hydrosalpinx in Endometrial Fluid: A Pilot Study

Roberto Gonzalez-Martin et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Hydrosalpinx is a fluid occlusion and distension of the fallopian tubes, often resulting from pelvic inflammatory disease, which reduces the success of artificial reproductive technologies (ARTs) by 50%. Tubal factors account for approximately 25% of infertility cases, but their underlying molecular mechanisms and functional impact on other reproductive tissues remain poorly understood. This proteomic profiling study applied sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) to study hydrosalpinx cyst fluid and pre- and post-salpingectomy endometrial fluid. Among the 967 proteins identified, we found 19 and 17 candidate biomarkers for hydrosalpinx in pre- and post-salpingectomy endometrial fluid, respectively. Salpingectomy significantly affected 76 endometrial proteins, providing insights into the enhanced immune response and inflammation present prior to intervention, and enhanced coagulation cascades and wound healing processes occurring one month after intervention. These findings confirmed that salpingectomy reverses the hydrosalpinx-related functional impairments in the endometrium and set a foundation for further biomarker validation and the development of less-invasive diagnostic strategies for hydrosalpinx.

Keywords: SWATH-MS; diagnostic biomarkers; endometrial fluid; hydrosalpinx; proteomic profiling.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors C.F, F.Q. and M.F. was employed by the company IVI-RMA Bilbao. The remaining au-thors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial rela-tionships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Discriminant analysis of human hydrosalpinx cyst fluid and pre- and post-salpingectomy endometrial fluid. Hydrosalpinx cyst fluid samples are represented as red dots, while pre- and post-salpingectomy endometrial fluid samples are represented as green and blue dots, respectively. HCF, hydrosalpinx cyst fluid; EF, endometrial fluid.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Enrichment map illustrating the significant gene ontology (GO) biological processes observed in pre- and post-salpingectomy endometrial fluid (EF). Node color represents the overexpressed group (red for pre-salpingectomy EF; blue for post-salpingectomy EF), node color intensity represents the p-value, and node size represents the gene set size. The edges thickness represents the gene overlap.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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