COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease: from basic mechanisms to clinical perspectives
- PMID: 32690910
- PMCID: PMC7370876
- DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-0413-9
COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease: from basic mechanisms to clinical perspectives
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a strain of coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic that has affected the lives of billions of individuals. Extensive studies have revealed that SARS-CoV-2 shares many biological features with SARS-CoV, the zoonotic virus that caused the 2002 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome, including the system of cell entry, which is triggered by binding of the viral spike protein to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Clinical studies have also reported an association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease. Pre-existing cardiovascular disease seems to be linked with worse outcomes and increased risk of death in patients with COVID-19, whereas COVID-19 itself can also induce myocardial injury, arrhythmia, acute coronary syndrome and venous thromboembolism. Potential drug-disease interactions affecting patients with COVID-19 and comorbid cardiovascular diseases are also becoming a serious concern. In this Review, we summarize the current understanding of COVID-19 from basic mechanisms to clinical perspectives, focusing on the interaction between COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system. By combining our knowledge of the biological features of the virus with clinical findings, we can improve our understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying COVID-19, paving the way towards the development of preventative and therapeutic solutions.
Figures
![Fig. 1](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/7370876/bin/41569_2020_413_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![Fig. 2](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/7370876/bin/41569_2020_413_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![Fig. 3](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/7370876/bin/41569_2020_413_Fig3_HTML.gif)
Similar articles
-
Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular implications.J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2020 Oct;21(10):725-732. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000001068. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2020. PMID: 32858623 Review.
-
COVID-19: a conundrum to decipher.Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020 May;24(10):5830-5841. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202005_21378. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020. PMID: 32495923
-
Cardiovascular Disease and Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in COVID-19.Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2020 Jun;20(3):217-221. doi: 10.1007/s40256-020-00406-0. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2020. PMID: 32281055 Free PMC article.
-
Cardiovascular Risks in Patients with COVID-19: Potential Mechanisms and Areas of Uncertainty.Curr Cardiol Rep. 2020 Apr 29;22(5):34. doi: 10.1007/s11886-020-01293-2. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2020. PMID: 32350632 Free PMC article. Review.
-
ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) in Cardiopulmonary Diseases: Ramifications for the Control of SARS-CoV-2.Hypertension. 2020 Sep;76(3):651-661. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15595. Epub 2020 Aug 12. Hypertension. 2020. PMID: 32783758 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
SARS-CoV-2 variants divergently infect and damage cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo.Cell Biosci. 2024 Aug 2;14(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s13578-024-01280-y. Cell Biosci. 2024. PMID: 39095802 Free PMC article.
-
Grand Challenges in Molecular Medicine for Disease Prevention and Treatment Through Cyclical Innovation.Front Mol Med. 2021 Jul 15;1:720577. doi: 10.3389/fmmed.2021.720577. eCollection 2021. Front Mol Med. 2021. PMID: 39087081 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
-
Whole patient knowledge modeling of COVID-19 symptomatology reveals common molecular mechanisms.Front Mol Med. 2023 Jan 4;2:1035290. doi: 10.3389/fmmed.2022.1035290. eCollection 2022. Front Mol Med. 2023. PMID: 39086962 Free PMC article.
-
Cohort study of cardiovascular safety of different COVID-19 vaccination doses among 46 million adults in England.Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 31;15(1):6085. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-49634-x. Nat Commun. 2024. PMID: 39085208 Free PMC article.
-
Atrial Fibrillation in the Setting of Acute Pneumonia: Not a Secondary Arrhythmia.Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2022 May 16;23(5):176. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2305176. eCollection 2022 May. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2022. PMID: 39077611 Free PMC article. Review.
References
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Miscellaneous