Adverse events after vaccination among HIV-positive persons, 1990-2016
- PMID: 29920551
- PMCID: PMC6007919
- DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199229
Adverse events after vaccination among HIV-positive persons, 1990-2016
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes immune dysregulation, potentially affecting response to vaccines in infected persons. We investigated if unexpected adverse events (AEs) or unusual patterns of AEs after vaccination were reported among HIV-positive persons. We searched for domestic reports among HIV-positive persons to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) during 1990-2016. We analyzed reports by age group (<19 and ≥19 years), sex, serious or non-serious status, live vaccine type (live versus inactivated), AEs reported, and CD4 counts. Of 532,235 reports received, 353 (0.07%) described HIV-positive persons, of whom 67% were aged ≥19 years, and 57% were male; most reports (75%) were non-serious. The most commonly reported inactivated vaccines were pneumococcal polysaccharide (27%) and inactivated influenza (27%); the mostly reported common live virus vaccines were combination measles, mumps, and rubella (8%) and varicella (6%). Injection site reactions were commonly reported (39%). Of 67 reports with CD4 counts available, 41 (61%) described persons immunocompromised at time of vaccination (CD4 count <500 cells/mm3), and differed from overall reports only in that varicella was the most common live virus vaccine (4 reports). Of 22 reports describing failure to protect against infection, 6 described persons immunocompromised at time of vaccination, among whom varicella vaccine was most common (3 reports). Of 66 reports describing live virus vaccines, 7 described persons with disseminated infection: 6 had disseminated varicella, 3 of whom had vaccine strain varicella-zoster virus. Of 18 reported deaths, 7 resulted from disseminated infection: 6 were among immunocompromised persons, 1 of whom had vaccine strain varicella-zoster virus. We identified no unexpected or unusual patterns of AEs among HIV-positive persons. These data reinforce current vaccine recommendations for this risk group. However, healthcare providers should know their HIV-positive patients' immune status because immunocompromising conditions can potentially increase the risk of rare, but severe, AEs following vaccination with live virus vaccines.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Similar articles
-
Safety Surveillance of Varicella Vaccines in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, United States, 2006-2020.J Infect Dis. 2022 Oct 21;226(Suppl 4):S431-S440. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac306. J Infect Dis. 2022. PMID: 36265846 Review.
-
Post-licensure safety surveillance of zoster vaccine live (Zostavax®) in the United States, Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 2006-2015.Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(8):1963-1969. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1456598. Epub 2018 May 18. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018. PMID: 29580194 Free PMC article.
-
Adverse Events Following Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine in Adults Reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 2003-2013.Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 15;60(10):e58-65. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ061. Epub 2015 Jan 30. Clin Infect Dis. 2015. PMID: 25637587 Free PMC article.
-
Live attenuated measles and mumps viral strain-containing vaccines and hearing loss: Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), United States, 1990--2003.Vaccine. 2008 Feb 26;26(9):1166-72. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.049. Epub 2008 Jan 22. Vaccine. 2008. PMID: 18255204 Review.
-
Safety of live viral vaccines in patients with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DiGeorge syndrome/velocardiofacial syndrome).Pediatrics. 2003 Oct;112(4):e325. doi: 10.1542/peds.112.4.e325. Pediatrics. 2003. PMID: 14523220
Cited by
-
Immunogenicity and safety of live attenuated and recombinant/inactivated varicella zoster vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review.Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2341456. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2341456. Epub 2024 Apr 22. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024. PMID: 38650460 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The prevalence of adverse reactions among individuals with three-dose COVID-19 vaccination.J Infect Public Health. 2023 Jan;16(1):125-132. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.12.004. Epub 2022 Dec 6. J Infect Public Health. 2023. PMID: 36516647 Free PMC article.
-
Protection of Vaccine Preventable Diseases in a Population of HIV-Infected Children: A 3 Years Prospective Study.Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Nov 15;9(11):1331. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9111331. Vaccines (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34835262 Free PMC article.
-
Immunological changes after COVID-19 vaccination in an HIV-positive patient.Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Apr;117:230-232. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.08.039. Epub 2021 Aug 19. Int J Infect Dis. 2022. PMID: 34419582 Free PMC article.
-
Corticosteroids Contribute to Serious Adverse Events Following Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccination and Live Attenuated Zoster Vaccination.Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Jan 6;9(1):23. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9010023. Vaccines (Basel). 2021. PMID: 33418856 Free PMC article. Review.
References
-
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Surveillance Report, 2015; vol. 27. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/library/reports/hiv-surveillance.html. Published November 2016.
-
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [updated February 13, 2017]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/winnablebattles/hiv/index.html.
-
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Opportunistic Infections: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2016 [updated Feb 27, 2017]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livingwithhiv/opportunisticinfections.html.
-
- Boschini A, Longo B, Caselli F, Begnini M, De Maria C, Ansaldi F, et al. An outbreak of influenza in a residential drug-rehabilitation community. J Med Virol. 2006;78(9):1218–22. doi: 10.1002/jmv.20684 - DOI - PubMed
-
- Harboe ZB, Larsen MV, Ladelund S, Kronborg G, Konradsen HB, Gerstoft J, et al. Incidence and risk factors for invasive pneumococcal disease in HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected individuals before and after the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy: persistent high risk among HIV-infected injecting drug users. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59(8):1168–76. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu558 - DOI - PubMed
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Research Materials