Population genomics of Mesolithic Scandinavia: Investigating early postglacial migration routes and high-latitude adaptation
- PMID: 29315301
- PMCID: PMC5760011
- DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2003703
Population genomics of Mesolithic Scandinavia: Investigating early postglacial migration routes and high-latitude adaptation
Abstract
Scandinavia was one of the last geographic areas in Europe to become habitable for humans after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). However, the routes and genetic composition of these postglacial migrants remain unclear. We sequenced the genomes, up to 57× coverage, of seven hunter-gatherers excavated across Scandinavia and dated from 9,500-6,000 years before present (BP). Surprisingly, among the Scandinavian Mesolithic individuals, the genetic data display an east-west genetic gradient that opposes the pattern seen in other parts of Mesolithic Europe. Our results suggest two different early postglacial migrations into Scandinavia: initially from the south, and later, from the northeast. The latter followed the ice-free Norwegian north Atlantic coast, along which novel and advanced pressure-blade stone-tool techniques may have spread. These two groups met and mixed in Scandinavia, creating a genetically diverse population, which shows patterns of genetic adaptation to high latitude environments. These potential adaptations include high frequencies of low pigmentation variants and a gene region associated with physical performance, which shows strong continuity into modern-day northern Europeans.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Figures
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Comment in
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Northwest passage to Scandinavia.Nat Ecol Evol. 2018 Apr;2(4):593-594. doi: 10.1038/s41559-018-0505-7. Nat Ecol Evol. 2018. PMID: 29483678 No abstract available.
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