Increasing dietary inclusions of camelina cake fed to pigs from weaning to slaughter: Safety, growth performance, carcass traits, and n-3 enrichment of pork
- PMID: 28727106
- DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.1308
Increasing dietary inclusions of camelina cake fed to pigs from weaning to slaughter: Safety, growth performance, carcass traits, and n-3 enrichment of pork
Abstract
Feeding cake with remaining oil content not only provides additional dietary energy but may also enrich pork with -3 fatty acids. Limited information is available on feeding camelina cake to pigs relating to feeding safety (toxicity), growth performance, and efficacy of -3 enrichment of pork. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of feeding increasing camelina cake (12.2% crude fat) inclusions in diets for nursery and grower-finisher pigs. In total, 128 pigs (9.2 kg BW) were randomly allocated by sex to 32 nursery pens for 4 wk and were then moved and combined into 16 mixed-sex grower-finisher pens. Pigs were fed 1 of 4 wheat/barley-based diets including camelina variety 'Celine' cake (0%, 6%, 12%, or 18% in the nursery phase and 0%, 5%, 10%, or 15% in the grower-finisher phase) replacing soybean meal over 5 feeding phases (d 0 to 7, d 7 to 28, d 28 to 56, d 56 to 84, and d 84 to slaughter). Individual pigs and pen feed added were weighed. On d 106, a blood sample was collected from the pig with the lowest BW per pen, which was then euthanized. A pathologist conducted a gross clinical examination, and organs were weighed. Liver, back fat, and belly and jowl fat were sampled for fatty acid analysis. Pigs were slaughtered at approximately 125 kg BW. Increasing dietary camelina cake inclusion linearly decreased ( < 0.010) ADFI, ADG, BW, and G:F over the 105-d trial. Increasing dietary camelina cake inclusion linearly increased days to slaughter ( < 0.001) and carcass lean yield ( < 0.010) and linearly decreased farm ship weight ( < 0.010), carcass weight ( < 0.001), dressing percentage ( < 0.050), and back fat thickness ( < 0.010) but did not affect loin depth and index. Increasing camelina cake inclusion linearly increased liver and pancreas weight ( < 0.050) relative to BW but did not affect heart, thyroid, or kidney weights. Increasing camelina cake inclusion did not result in gross clinical or serological findings that would indicate toxicity. Increasing dietary camelina cake inclusion linearly increased ( < 0.050) -3 fatty acids, including docosahexaenoic acid, in back fat and belly and jowl fat. In conclusion, feeding camelina cake to pigs at up to 18% in the nursery phase and 15% in the grower, developer, and finisher phases did not result in clinical signs of toxicity and enriched carcass fat depots with -3 fatty acids. The observed decrease in ADFI and, consequently, ADG as camelina cake inclusion increased resulted in pigs fed 15% reaching slaughter weight 27 d later than controls.
Similar articles
-
Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) as Feedstuffs in Meat Type Poultry Diet: A Source of Protein and n-3 Fatty Acids.Animals (Basel). 2022 Jan 25;12(3):295. doi: 10.3390/ani12030295. Animals (Basel). 2022. PMID: 35158619 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Effects of feeding camelina cake to weaned pigs on safety, growth performance, and fatty acid composition of pork.J Anim Sci. 2017 Jun;95(6):2496-2508. doi: 10.2527/jas.2016.1265. J Anim Sci. 2017. PMID: 28727065
-
Equations generated to predict iodine value of pork carcass back, belly, and jowl fat.J Anim Sci. 2015 Apr;93(4):1666-78. doi: 10.2527/jas.2014-8400. J Anim Sci. 2015. PMID: 26020188 Review.
-
Effects of increasing co-product inclusion and reducing dietary protein on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and jowl fatty acid profile of growing-finishing pigs.J Anim Sci. 2013 May;91(5):2178-91. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-5065. Epub 2013 Mar 5. J Anim Sci. 2013. PMID: 23463553
-
Effects of dietary wheat middlings, distillers dried grains with solubles, and choice white grease on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and carcass fat quality of finishing pigs.J Anim Sci. 2012 Aug;90(8):2620-30. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-4472. Epub 2012 Feb 10. J Anim Sci. 2012. PMID: 22328725 Clinical Trial.
Cited by
-
Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of pigs fed diets containing amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake as replacement to soybean meal.Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Dec 10;54(1):8. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-03016-3. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021. PMID: 34890001
-
Effects of increasing dietary inclusion of camelina cake on growth performance of growing-finishing pigs.Transl Anim Sci. 2021 Aug 26;5(3):txab140. doi: 10.1093/tas/txab140. eCollection 2021 Jul. Transl Anim Sci. 2021. PMID: 34549168 Free PMC article.
-
Camelina sativa cake for broiler chickens: effects of increasing dietary inclusion on clinical signs of toxicity, feed disappearance, and nutrient digestibility.Transl Anim Sci. 2020 Mar 16;4(2):txaa029. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa029. eCollection 2020 Apr. Transl Anim Sci. 2020. PMID: 32705027 Free PMC article.
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical