Vending machine assessment methodology. A systematic review
- PMID: 25772195
- DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.03.007
Vending machine assessment methodology. A systematic review
Abstract
The nutritional quality of food and beverage products sold in vending machines has been implicated as a contributing factor to the development of an obesogenic food environment. How comprehensive, reliable, and valid are the current assessment tools for vending machines to support or refute these claims? A systematic review was conducted to summarize, compare, and evaluate the current methodologies and available tools for vending machine assessment. A total of 24 relevant research studies published between 1981 and 2013 met inclusion criteria for this review. The methodological variables reviewed in this study include assessment tool type, study location, machine accessibility, product availability, healthfulness criteria, portion size, price, product promotion, and quality of scientific practice. There were wide variations in the depth of the assessment methodologies and product healthfulness criteria utilized among the reviewed studies. Of the reviewed studies, 39% evaluated machine accessibility, 91% evaluated product availability, 96% established healthfulness criteria, 70% evaluated portion size, 48% evaluated price, 52% evaluated product promotion, and 22% evaluated the quality of scientific practice. Of all reviewed articles, 87% reached conclusions that provided insight into the healthfulness of vended products and/or vending environment. Product healthfulness criteria and complexity for snack and beverage products was also found to be variable between the reviewed studies. These findings make it difficult to compare results between studies. A universal, valid, and reliable vending machine assessment tool that is comprehensive yet user-friendly is recommended.
Keywords: Beverages; Environment; Snacks; Vending machines.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
-
Development and Validation of the Vending Evaluation for Nutrient-Density (VEND)ing Audit.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 12;16(3):514. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030514. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019. PMID: 30759796 Free PMC article.
-
Health Promotion and Healthier Products Increase Vending Purchases: A Randomized Factorial Trial.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2017 Jul;117(7):1057-1065. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.12.006. Epub 2017 Feb 3. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2017. PMID: 28163006 Clinical Trial.
-
Vending Machines: A Narrative Review of Factors Influencing Items Purchased.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016 Oct;116(10):1578-1588. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.378. Epub 2016 Aug 18. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016. PMID: 27546077 Review.
-
A systematic literature review of nutrition interventions in vending machines that encourage consumers to make healthier choices.Obes Rev. 2015 Dec;16(12):1030-41. doi: 10.1111/obr.12311. Epub 2015 Sep 10. Obes Rev. 2015. PMID: 26593221 Review.
-
Sweet and salty. An assessment of the snacks and beverages sold in vending machines on US post-secondary institution campuses.Appetite. 2012 Jun;58(3):1143-51. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.02.055. Epub 2012 Mar 10. Appetite. 2012. PMID: 22414787
Cited by
-
Evaluation of an experiment to increase availability of healthier snack foods in vending machines situated within English sports facilities.Public Health Nutr. 2023 Dec;26(12):3088-3099. doi: 10.1017/S1368980023002069. Epub 2023 Sep 20. Public Health Nutr. 2023. PMID: 37727877 Free PMC article.
-
Consumption, Attitudes, and Trends of Vending Machine Foods at a University Campus: A Cross-Sectional Study.Foods. 2021 Sep 8;10(9):2122. doi: 10.3390/foods10092122. Foods. 2021. PMID: 34574231 Free PMC article.
-
Nutritional quality of beverages available in vending machines in health and social care institutions: do we really want such offers?J Health Popul Nutr. 2021 Jul 2;40(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s41043-021-00250-1. J Health Popul Nutr. 2021. PMID: 34215329 Free PMC article.
-
Availability, Nutritional Profile and Processing Level of Food Products Sold in Vending Machines in a Spanish Public University.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 25;18(13):6842. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136842. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021. PMID: 34202231 Free PMC article.
-
Effectiveness of Nutrition Interventions in Vending Machines to Encourage the Purchase and Consumption of Healthier Food and Drinks in the University Setting: A Systematic Review.Nutrients. 2020 Mar 24;12(3):876. doi: 10.3390/nu12030876. Nutrients. 2020. PMID: 32213973 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Miscellaneous