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. 2014 Jan 3;5(1):1.
doi: 10.1186/2049-1891-5-1.

Pigs fed camelina meal increase hepatic gene expression of cytochrome 8b1, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and thiosulfate transferase

William Jon Meadus  1 , Pascale Duff, Tanya McDonald, William R Caine
Affiliations

Pigs fed camelina meal increase hepatic gene expression of cytochrome 8b1, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and thiosulfate transferase

William Jon Meadus et al. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Camelina sativa is an oil seed crop which can be grown on marginal lands. Camelina seed oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids (>35%) and γ-tocopherol but is also high in erucic acid and glucosinolates. Camelina meal, is the by-product after the oil has been extracted. Camelina meal was fed to 28 d old weaned pigs at 3.7% and 7.4% until age 56 d. The camelina meal supplements in the soy based diets, improved feed efficiency but also significantly increased the liver weights. Gene expression analyses of the livers, using intra-species microarrays, identified increased expression of phase 1 and phase 2 drug metabolism enzymes. The porcine versions of the enzymes were confirmed by real time PCR. Cytochrome 8b1 (CYP8B1), aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (Aldh2), and thiosulfate transferase (TST) were all significantly stimulated. Collectively, these genes implicate the camelina glucosinolate metabolite, methyl-sulfinyldecyl isothiocyanate, as the main xeniobiotic, causing increased hepatic metabolism and increased liver weight.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Total liver RNA examined for gene expression changes by microarray analysis using, the Rat drug metabolism: phase 1 array (PARN-068) and the Human Drug Metabolism: phase 2 array (PAHS-069). The genes that were significantly up or down regulated in the microarrays are labelled. The RNA was from a pooled sample of pigs fed the control verses the High 7.4% camelina diet as outlined in the materials and methods.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The effect of camelina meal on the pig liver gene expression level of Cyp8B1, TST, Aldh2, and Gstm5. Transcripts were determined by real-time PCR with porcine specific primers. Pig diets were supplemented with either the Control (0%), Low (3.7%) or High (7.4%) levels of camelina meal for 24d. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean. * indicates P > 0.05 relative to the Control using Student’s t-test.
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