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| Open AccessTemperature-dependent jumonji demethylase modulates flowering time by targeting H3K36me2/3 in Brassica rapa
The study reveals that the BrJMJ18 gene, encoding an H3K36me2/3 Jumonji demethylase, is a candidate gene for a QTL regulating thermotolerance in a thermotolerant Brassica rapa subspecies, and its allele (BrJMJ18Par) can modulate flowering time, plant growth, and chlorophyll biosynthesis in a temperature-dependent manner.
- Xiaoyun Xin
- , Peirong Li
- & Tongbing Su
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Article
| Open AccessDistinct functions of microtubules and actin filaments in the transportation of the male germ unit in pollen
Male germ unit (MGU) transportation in pollen tubes is critical for double fertilization in flowering plants. Wang et al. reveal distinct functions of microtubule-kinesin and actomyosin system in the directional migration of MGU.
- Xiangfei Wang
- , Tonghui Li
- & Yi Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessImplicating the red body of Nannochloropsis in forming the recalcitrant cell wall polymer algaenan
The red body is a characteristic cellular structure of unknown function in eustigmatophyte algae. Using imaging and spectroscopy, the authors investigate the red body and propose a role in delivery of algaenan precursors for cell wall formation.
- Christopher W. Gee
- , Johan Andersen-Ranberg
- & Krishna K. Niyogi
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Article
| Open AccessImpact of whole-genome duplications on structural variant evolution in Cochlearia
Cochlearia is an evolutionarily dynamic genus with different base chromosome numbers and ploidal levels. Here, the authors construct a graph-based pangenome for Cochlearia and reveal that whole-genome duplication associated with greater diversity of genomic structural variation and their possible function in adaptation.
- Tuomas Hämälä
- , Christopher Moore
- & Levi Yant
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Article
| Open AccessA trait-based root acquisition-defence-decomposition framework in angiosperm tree species
This work on 90 angiosperm tree species presents a trait-based root ‘acquisition-defence-decomposition’ framework. In support, the study shows how tree root economics strategy and mycorrhizal strategy strongly correlate with root litter chemical defences that define root decomposability, with multiple potential consequences feeding back on tree nutrition.
- Jiajia Zheng
- , Grégoire T. Freschet
- & Liang Kou
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Article
| Open AccessArabidopsis CaLB1 undergoes phase separation with the ESCRT protein ALIX and modulates autophagosome maturation
The study demonstrates that the C2 domain-containing protein CaLB1 interacts with and induces phase separation of the ESCRT protein ALIX on autophagosomes. This modulates autophagosome maturation, particularly in response to salt stress, in Arabidopsis.
- Niccolò Mosesso
- , Niharika Savant Lerner
- & Erika Isono
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Article
| Open AccessEnhanced stress resilience in potato by deletion of Parakletos
Crop production is threatening by multiple stressors. Here, the authors report the identification of a thylakoid protein encoding gene and show that knocking out this gene results in enhanced resistance to oomycete, fungi and bacteria, as well as increased tolerance to salt and drought mimics in potato.
- Muhammad Awais Zahid
- , Nam Phuong Kieu
- & Erik Andreasson
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Article
| Open AccessStructural basis for an early stage of the photosystem II repair cycle in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Here the authors show an intermediate state of the photosystem II (PSII) repair cycle, where three protein factors and an α-tocopherol quinone molecule are associated with a damaged PSII at distinct sites, fulfilling their specific functions in the repair process.
- Anjie Li
- , Tingting You
- & Zhenfeng Liu
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Article
| Open AccessLight regulates nuclear detainment of intron-retained transcripts through COP1-spliceosome to modulate photomorphogenesis
Zhou et al. revealed that the light-COP1-spliceosome module, through mediating nuclear detainment of intron-retained transcripts, displays an essential role in regulating seedling photomorphogenic development.
- Hua Zhou
- , Haiyue Zeng
- & Xing Wang Deng
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Article
| Open AccessFusaric acid mediates the assembly of disease-suppressive rhizosphere microbiota via induced shifts in plant root exudates
The phytotoxin fusaric acid produced by the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici results in a differential assembly of the rhizosphere microbiota of resistant and susceptible genotypes with implication for disease suppression.
- Xue Jin
- , Huiting Jia
- & Xingang Zhou
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Article
| Open AccessHydrogen peroxide is required for light-induced stomatal opening across different plant species
Specific accumulated H2O2 in guard cells under unstressed conditions widely existed among plant species and is required for stomatal opening. H2O2 promotes KIN10, the energy regulator for plant cells, localizing in the nucleus of guard cells to phosphorylate bZIP30 and enhance the heterodimer of bZIP30 and BZR1, thereby facilitating guard cell starch degradation and stomatal opening.
- Wen Shi
- , Yue Liu
- & Chao Han
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Article
| Open AccessA clade of receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases and 14-3-3 proteins coordinate inositol hexaphosphate accumulation
Inositol hexaphosphates (InsP6) are ubiquitous in eukaryotes and regulates a plethora of cellular functions. Here the authors identify a set of receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases that work in concert with 14-3-3- proteins to regulate InsP6 synthesis and accumulation and Pi homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
- Li Lin Xu
- , Meng Qi Cui
- & Shao Jian Zheng
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Article
| Open AccessThe effector-triggered immunity landscape of tomato against Pseudomonas syringae
Tomato production is threatened by pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae. Here the authors screen a library of P. syringae effectors against a diverse collection of tomato accessions and identify six effector families that can potently induce effector triggered immunity.
- Fabien Lonjon
- , Yan Lai
- & David S. Guttman
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Article
| Open AccessHigh performance TadA-8e derived cytosine and dual base editors with undetectable off-target effects in plants
Base editors are a powerful but underexplored tool for genetic engineering and directed evolution of plants. Here, the authors investigate the editing efficiency and specificity of TadA-8e-derived cytosine base editors and dual base editor TadDE in rice and tomato.
- Tingting Fan
- , Yanhao Cheng
- & Yong Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessUncovering the dynamics of precise repair at CRISPR/Cas9-induced double-strand breaks
The authors report a toolkit for multiplexed quantification of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DSBs intermediates and repair products by single-molecule sequencing: they characterise the dynamics of DSB induction, processing, and repair in tomato protoplasts, showing that precise repair is a prominent feature of the repair process.
- Daniela Ben-Tov
- , Fabrizio Mafessoni
- & Avraham A. Levy
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Article
| Open AccessNatural variation in BnaA07.MKK9 confers resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot in oilseed rape
The genetic basis underlying resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) in oilseed rape remains elusive. Here, the authors identify BnaA07.MKK9 as a pivotal regulator of SSR resistance in oilseed rape by GWAS, providing new insights into plant defense mechanisms against necrotrophic pathogens.
- Li Lin
- , Xingrui Zhang
- & Jian Wu
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Article
| Open AccessFerroptosis induction in host rice by endophyte OsiSh-2 is necessary for mutualism and disease resistance in symbiosis
Ferroptosis is of great importance in plant immunity including microbe-plant interactions. Here, the authors unveil that a regulated ferroptosis process is involved in the mutualistic symbiosis and disease resistance of endophyte OsiSh-2 and host rice.
- Xianqiu Xiong
- , Jing Zeng
- & Yonghua Zhu
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Article
| Open AccessStructure of cryptophyte photosystem II–light-harvesting antennae supercomplex
Cryptophytes are ancestral photosynthetic organisms. Here the authors report the cryo-EM structure of the PSII–ACPII from the cryptophyte Chroomonas placoidea, showing that cryptophyte PSII–ACPII consists of a PSII dimer and twelve ACPII monomers that are organised into four linear trimers.
- Yu-Zhong Zhang
- , Kang Li
- & Long-Sheng Zhao
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Article
| Open AccessHarbinger transposon insertion in ethylene signaling gene leads to emergence of new sexual forms in cucurbits
In flowering plants, hermaphroditism is widespread. Here the authors identified a transposon insertion that triggers plant sexual transition. This study highlights the role of transposons in plant adaptation and evolution.
- Hsin-Ya Huang
- , Siqi Zhang
- & Abdelhafid Bendahmane
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Article
| Open AccessSeasonal switching of integrated leaf senescence controls in an evergreen perennial Arabidopsis
A study of perennial Arabidopsis in its natural habitat revealed a seasonal switch in leaf senescence control that optimizes resource production, storage, and translocation, making the evergreen strategy adaptively relevant in seasonal environments.
- Genki Yumoto
- , Haruki Nishio
- & Hiroshi Kudoh
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Article
| Open AccessQuantitative profiling of m6A at single base resolution across the life cycle of rice and Arabidopsis
The authors profile single-base resolution maps at each modified mRNA m6A site in rice and Arabidopsis, and uncover a suppression-activation dual regulation model in shaping m6A distribution patterns in different species.
- Guanqun Wang
- , Haoxuan Li
- & Chuan He
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Article
| Open AccessCentral transcriptional regulator controls photosynthetic growth and carbon storage in response to high light
Researchers identify unique transcriptional regulation that controls photosynthetic response, growth and biochemical carbon storage in high light for two variants of the same algae species, offering a glimpse into diel control of plant and crop yields.
- Seth Steichen
- , Arnav Deshpande
- & Lieve M. L. Laurens
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Article
| Open AccessOxime-functionalized anti-insecticide fabric reduces insecticide exposure through dermal and nasal routes, and prevents insecticide-induced neuromuscular-dysfunction and mortality
Exposition to insecticides can be dangerous. Here, authors developed an oxime-fabric body suit and facemask that chemically deactivate insecticides and prevent insecticide-induced lethal effects, offering an affordable solution for farmer safety.
- Mahendra K. Mohan
- , Ketan Thorat
- & Praveen Kumar Vemula
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Article
| Open AccessPm57 from Aegilops searsii encodes a tandem kinase protein and confers wheat powdery mildew resistance
Powdery mildew is a devastating disease that affects global wheat production. Here, the authors report the cloning of the Aegilops searsii-derived powdery mildew resistance gene Pm57 that encodes a tandem kinase protein.
- Yue Zhao
- , Zhenjie Dong
- & Wenxuan Liu
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Article
| Open AccessSororin is an evolutionary conserved antagonist of WAPL
Cohesin functions must be tightly regulated. Here Prusén Mota et al. show that the cohesin regulator SORORIN is conserved beyond the animal kingdom and they provide the first organismal in vivo evidence that SORORIN antagonizes WAPL.
- Ignacio Prusén Mota
- , Marta Galova
- & Peter Schlögelhofer
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Article
| Open AccessNutrient levels control root growth responses to high ambient temperature in plants
This study shows root growth increases in high temperature in multiple plant species along with reduced plant nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). This growth response is abolished by low N and P environments and mediated via the HY5-NRT1.1 gene module.
- Sanghwa Lee
- , Julia Showalter
- & Wolfgang Busch
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Article
| Open AccessThe peptidase DA1 cleaves and destabilizes WUSCHEL to control shoot apical meristem size
The transcription factor WUSCHEL is essential for stem cell function, but factors that directly modulate WUS stability are unclear. This work discovers that the peptidase DA1 cleaves and destabilizes WUS to control shoot apical meristem size.
- Guicai Cui
- , Yu Li
- & Yunhai Li
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Article
| Open AccessAn NLR paralog Pit2 generated from tandem duplication of Pit1 fine-tunes Pit1 localization and function
The paralogous NLR proteins, Pit1 and Pit2, exhibit distinct functions in rice immunity, where Pit1 induces cell death on the plasma membrane and Pit2 inhibits this function by sequestering Pit1 to the cytosol.
- Yuying Li
- , Qiong Wang
- & Yoji Kawano
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Article
| Open AccessTargeted suppression of siRNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis pollen promotes triploid seed viability
In Arabidopsis, the pollen vegetative cell is regarded as a source of mobile siRNAs that guide male germline reprogramming. This study demonstrates that siRNA triggers of triploid seed lethality originate in germline companion cells after meiosis.
- Kannan Pachamuthu
- , Matthieu Simon
- & Filipe Borges
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Article
| Open AccessFunctional and structural dissection of glycosyltransferases underlying the glycodiversity of wolfberry-derived bioactive ingredients lycibarbarspermidines
The study identified and structurally characterized the UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) responsible for regioselective glycosylation of wolfberry-derived bioactive lycibarbarspermidines, elucidating the molecular basis for their substrate specificity.
- Shao-Yang Li
- , Gao-Qian Wang
- & Hao Gao
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Article
| Open AccessPIF transcriptional regulators are required for rhythmic stomatal movements
Stomata function is essential for photosynthesis and the global carbon and oxygen cycles. Here, the authors report the regulatory framework that establishes rhythmic pore movements to prevent water loss at night and allow CO2 uptake during the day.
- Arnau Rovira
- , Nil Veciana
- & Elena Monte
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Article
| Open AccessHaplotype-resolved gapless genome and chromosome segment substitution lines facilitate gene identification in wild rice
Genetic variation present in wild rice is a reservoir of useful genes for rice breeding. Here, the authors report the haplotype-resolved gapless genome assembly of wild rice, the development of two sets of chromosome segment substitution lines, and the cloning of a blast resistance gene originated from wild rice.
- Jingfen Huang
- , Yilin Zhang
- & Weihua Qiao
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Article
| Open AccessPhysiochemical interaction between osmotic stress and a bacterial exometabolite promotes plant disease
A single exometabolite produced by an opportunistic bacterial pathogen of the root microbiome enhances host susceptibility to salt stress and promotes plant disease in complex soil systems.
- Felix Getzke
- , Lei Wang
- & Stéphane Hacquard
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Article
| Open AccessStructure and distinct supramolecular organization of a PSII-ACPII dimer from a cryptophyte alga Chroomonas placoidea
The authors report structure of PSII-ACPII from a cryptophyte alga Chroomonas placoidea, providing insights into a distinct supramolecular organization and assembly of antennas in the supercomplex and possible excitation energy transfer pathways.
- Zhiyuan Mao
- , Xingyue Li
- & Guangye Han
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Article
| Open AccessRegiodivergent biosynthesis of bridged bicyclononanes
Hypericum plants contain complex compounds with promising medicinal properties. Here, the authors report a pair of enzymes catalyzing prenylation and regiodivergent cyclization. The forged scaffolds are characteristic of hyperforin analogs.
- Lukas Ernst
- , Hui Lyu
- & Benye Liu
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Article
| Open AccessABA-mediated regulation of rice grain quality and seed dormancy via the NF-YB1-SLRL2-bHLH144 Module
This study revealed an NF-YB1-SLRL2-bHLH144 regulatory module, centered on a key transcription factor SLRL2, that mediates the ABA-regulated amylose content in rice. Furthermore, SLRL2 is also involved in the regulation of rice dormancy
- Jin-Dong Wang
- , Jing Wang
- & Qian-Feng Li
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Article
| Open AccessOsSRF8 interacts with OsINP1 and OsDAF1 to regulate pollen aperture formation in rice
At the tetrad stage, OsSRF8 interacts with OsINP1 to promote the formation of aperture plasma membrane protrusion (APMP). Then, the OsINP1-OsSRF8 protein complex recruits OsDAF1 to the APMP site and co-regulate pollen aperture formation in rice.
- Keyi Chen
- , Qiming Wang
- & Jianmin Wan
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Article
| Open AccessShifts in evolutionary lability underlie independent gains and losses of root-nodule symbiosis in a single clade of plants
Kates et al. propose that nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between bacteria and angiosperms has been gained and lost multiple times, based on ancestral reconstructions of nodulation across a deeply sampled, 13,000-species phylogeny, in contrast to a single origin with many losses.
- Heather R. Kates
- , Brian C. O’Meara
- & Ryan A. Folk
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Article
| Open AccessPotential decoupling of CO2 and Hg uptake process by global vegetation in the 21st century
The uptake of gaseous elementary mercury by terrestrial vegetation in 2100 is likely to decrease by more than half compared to present-day conditions. This decrease is caused by the reduced stomatal conductance associated with increasing CO2 levels.
- Tengfei Yuan
- , Shaojian Huang
- & Yanxu Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessA conserved Pol II elongator SPT6L mediates Pol V transcription to regulate RNA-directed DNA methylation in Arabidopsis
How to facilitate the transcription of plant-specific RNA Pol V is largely unknown. Liu et al. find that a conserved RNA Pol II elongator, SPT6L, mediates DNA methylation by its association with Pol V and promoting the production of scaffold RNA.
- Yujuan Liu
- , Jie Shu
- & Chen Chen
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Article
| Open AccessPhylogenomics reveals the evolutionary origins of lichenization in chlorophyte algae
Lichen symbiosis between chlorophyte algae and fungi is a key player in ecosystems but our understanding of its evolution and genetic regulation in algae remains limited. This study finds that lichen symbiosis evolved at least three times in algae through gene family expansion and horizontal gene transfers
- Camille Puginier
- , Cyril Libourel
- & Jean Keller
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Article
| Open AccessMultispecies deep learning using citizen science data produces more informative plant community models
By modelling the distribution of the entire Swiss flora using deep learning and citizen science data, this study demonstrates a method that predicts flowering phenology and potentially dominant tree species more accurately than commonly used approaches. This approach could enable investigation of understudied aspects of ecology and refine our understanding of plant distributions.
- Philipp Brun
- , Dirk N. Karger
- & Niklaus E. Zimmermann
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Article
| Open AccessUltrafast energy quenching mechanism of LHCSR3-dependent photoprotection in Chlamydomonas
The Light Harvesting Complex Stress-Related Protein (LHCSR) can protect algae from severe photodamage via energy-dependent quenching (qE). Here, the authors find that a photoproduct of carotenoid S1 state is populated in qE and depopulated in 7.5 ps.
- Mengyuan Zheng
- , Xiaojie Pang
- & Lijin Tian
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Article
| Open AccessReceptor-like cytoplasmic kinases of different subfamilies differentially regulate SOBIR1/BAK1-mediated immune responses in Nicotiana benthamiana
Cell-surface receptors form the front line of plant immunity. Here, the authors show that the RLP co-receptors SOBIR1 and BAK1 directly phosphorylate each other, leading to activation of the immune receptor complex in which RLCKs are differentially required for production of reactive oxygen species that play a role in resistance against Phytophthora palmivora.
- Wen R. H. Huang
- , Ciska Braam
- & Matthieu H. A. J. Joosten
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Article
| Open AccessOsMAPK6 phosphorylation and CLG1 ubiquitylation of GW6a non-additively enhance rice grain size through stabilization of the substrate
OsMAPK6 and CLG1, respectively, target GW6a for phosphorylation and ubiquitylation to favor the substrate stabilization using a different mechanism from prior reports, and the corresponding genetic axes operate non-additively to regulate seed size.
- Chen Bai
- , Gao-Jie Wang
- & Xian-Jun Song
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Article
| Open AccessSOS1 tonoplast neo-localization and the RGG protein SALTY are important in the extreme salinity tolerance of Salicornia bigelovii
The authors show that in the halophyte Salicornia the sodium transporter SOS1 localizes to the tonoplast, likely storing sodium in the vacuole. The intrinsically disordered protein SALTY, increases yeast salt tolerance possibly stabilizing ribosomes in the ER.
- Octavio R. Salazar
- , Ke Chen
- & Sandra M. Schmöckel
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Article
| Open AccessTwo telomere-to-telomere gapless genomes reveal insights into Capsicum evolution and capsaicinoid biosynthesis
Chili pepper (Capsicum) is an important vegetables known for fruit pungency given by capsaicinoids. Here, the authors assemble the telomere-to-telomere genomes of a pungent pepper C. annuum and its non-pungent wild relative C. rhomboideum and reveal insights into Capsicum evolution and capsaicinoid biosynthesis.
- Weikai Chen
- , Xiangfeng Wang
- & Li Guo
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Article
| Open AccessAbsolute dating of the European Neolithic using the 5259 BC rapid 14C excursion
The Neolithic site of Dispilio, Northern Greece, is a pile-dwelling site with 900+ piles excavated. Here, the authors use the 5259 BC Miyake event to date the juniper tree-ring chronology constructed from these piles to 5140 BC, making it the first Neolithic site in the region to be absolutely calendar dated.
- Andrej Maczkowski
- , Charlotte Pearson
- & Albert Hafner
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Article
| Open AccessCoordinated wound responses in a regenerative animal-algal holobiont
The term ‘holobiont’ refers to a multicellular organism and its microbial symbionts. Whether and how symbionts react to host injury and how cellular responses are integrated across species remain unexplored. Here, the authors report a deeply conserved animal regeneration regulatory program that links molecular networks across species in an animal-algal holobiont.
- Dania Nanes Sarfati
- , Yuan Xue
- & Bo Wang
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