Extended Data Fig. 2: Key rock art panels at Leang Karampuang.

Images of rock art panels are shown in a–c and e–h; a,c,e,g,h comprise digital tracings of rock art pigment overlying photographic representations of the underlying limestone rock face; b and f are photographs of rock art panels that have been enhanced using the DStretch_ac_lds_cb software. A 3D model of the cave passage containing the rock art gallery is presented in d (model produced using a Leica BLK360 Imaging Laser Scanner). a, Panel with three animal figures, probably pigs (the two figures on the right are in superimposition); b, the dated panel, a single composed scene depicting three human-like figures interacting with a Sulawesi warty pig (S. celebensis); c, a complex panel with six hand stencils and five representations of S. celebensis pigs (labelled 1–5), along with an unidentified animal figure (labelled 6); e,f, clusters of hand stencils, including some that are juxtaposed in such a way as to form what seem to be deliberate arrangements or compositions (a minimum of 10 and 11 individual hand stencils are identifiable in the panels shown in e and f, respectively); g, hand stencils and an image associated with an unidentified, animal-like figure; h, a possible representation of a dwarf bovid (anoa, Bubalus sp.), showing the head and neck area of the animal only.