Extended Data Fig. 3: Strong lens modelling constraints for WHL0137–08.

a, HST composite image of WHL0137–08, a massive galaxy cluster at z = 0.566 that lenses the Sunrise Arc. Multiple images of the two lensed galaxies used in the lens modelling are marked in cyan and labelled in zoomed outsets. Cluster member galaxies circled in magenta are those freely optimized in both the LTM and Lenstool lens models. Critical curves are shown for the best-fit LTM model. The dashed orange curve is at z = 3.1, the same photometric redshift as multiple image system 2 (shown in b), and the solid red curve is at z = 6.2, the photometric redshift of the Sunrise Arc (system 1, shown in c). The lensed star Earendel lies directly between 1.1a and 1.1b. Note that 1.1c appears fainter than its counter-images 1.1a/b, owing to its lower magnification and that all of these images are unresolved. The galaxies labelled A–E are described in Methods section ‘Lens modelling’. BCG, brightest cluster galaxy.