Maddox Industrial Transformer’s Post

As electricity flows through a substation transformer’s core and windings, heat is generated due to resistive losses. If not managed effectively, excessive heat can lead to transformer failure and reduced operational efficiency. Cooling systems are designed to maintain the transformer’s temperature within acceptable limits. They may seem complex! Especially with the four letter code that shows what type of cooling the substation uses. If you’d like to demystify these codes and have a deeper understanding of the cooling classes, feel free to read our blog post about it. Here at UTB, we think that it’s better that everyone in the industry understands transformers. They don’t have to be complicated! We have many blog posts explaining different concepts and components. https://lnkd.in/gAeuArje

Understanding your Thermal Process with Electrical Heating   I often discuss with customers, that the key point in new thermal plants is not to have all those fancy stuff like Ethernet, cloud, AI or whatever you might think you need today. The truth is, that you need to understand your process. Sounds easy?! If everything runs as expected, yes, it is 😉   But what if your process doesn´t work as expected? How does it feel, when you are doing commissioning, and things don´t work as expected? If you had this once, you feel the growing pressure to fix things, while the commissioning must progress! How do you come to the root cause of your trouble?   Simple said, you just need to understand your Thermal Process…  But how? In the last years I showed all my customers and colleagues, how important it is, to understand, which process data is available and ! what to read out of it. That´s the key. If heating zones don´t work as expected, you need to understand for example the information provided from a thyristor unit, like our #EPower or #EPack. There´s a lot of information in the messages and indication of such a device, but it is up to us to understand, what it means. I had applications, where I showed, that the heaters were connected to the wrong thyristor. I had applications, where they mixed heaters with different power in zones. I had applications, where the thyristor showed overcurrent event, where we had arcing on the inlet of the heater. And a lot more I could show… But, coming to the root cause, thanks to understanding the information we got, I was able to fix things. That´s understanding the process.   And to avoid any stress during commissioning, it is key to understand your heating system. What does that mean?   Especially today, when furnaces must be switched from gas to electric, or a completely new design of a furnace is engineered, we need to understand -         the type of electrical heaters, -         how to dimension them, -         how to position them, -         the power demand of the furnace and which heater to choose, -         furnace atmosphere and which heater to use -         furnace temperature and which heater to use -         placing of thermocouples for control and protection -         and more…   So, if you feel, there could be done more but you don´t know how, please get in contact with me! #understandingprocessdata #thermalloops #electrification #electricalfurnaces #thyristors #electricalheaters

Ever wondered the mechanics behind electricity delivery? Our latest article unveils the secrets of distribution transformers, vital components in our power systems. Learn how these transformers efficiently transfer electricity, with an impressive efficiency range of 95% to 99%, minimizing energy loss for sustainable power distribution. Discover the diverse types of distribution transformers and their key components, from windings to cores, crucial for reliable energy transfer. Plus, explore installation tips and maintenance practices for optimal performance, ensuring uninterrupted power supply. At TTES, with 100+ years of experience in large distribution transformer services, we handle all related concerns. Contact us for industry-leading lead times averaging just 20 weeks for a free quote! Click on the link below to learn more. #DistributionTransformers #PowerGrid #EnergyEfficiency #TTES #PoweringTheFuture

Planning on keeping a transformer in storage before energizing it? Learn how to properly store your transformer, so that it is ready for use when you need it. https://lnkd.in/gav3QmEF #transformer #energy #electrical #storage

Our newest article on transformer storage. #transformers #energy #electrical

Our newest article covering low voltage distribution systems and how to measure them. #transformer #energy #electrical

Electric power distribution didn't become necessary until the 1880s when electricity started being generated at power stations. Before that, electricity was usually generated where it was used. The first power-distribution systems installed in European and US cities were used to supply lighting: arc lighting running on very-high-voltage (around 3,000 V) alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC), and incandescent lighting running on low-voltage (100 V) direct current.[3] Both were supplanting gas lighting systems, with arc lighting taking over large-area and street lighting, and incandescent lighting replacing gas lights for business and residential users. Due to the high voltages used in arc lighting, a single generating station could supply a long string of lights, up to 7 miles (11 km) long.[4] And each doubling of voltage would allow a given cable to transmit the same amount of power four times the distance than at the lower voltage (with the same power loss). By contrast, direct-current indoor incandescent lighting systems, for example Edison's first power station, installed in 1882, had difficulty supplying customers more than a mile away. This was due to the low voltage (110 V) it used throughout, from generation to end use. This low voltage translated to higher current, requiring thick copper cables for transmission. In practice, Edison's DC generating plants needed to be within about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of the farthest customer to avoid even thicker, more expensive conductors.

The solar collector and ground heat pump exchange heat directly, and only the heat pump is used for heating in single mode. However, cooling requirements are also met. A complex programmable controller is used in this design, with priority given to supplying hot water and domestic heating, followed by cooling. The performance of the photovoltaic-thermal collector is being improved to generate more electricity for the sale of excess energy. There are two conditions for the output flow from the heat exchanger: When the outlet temperature of the ground heat exchanger is higher than the temperature of the solar collector, the flow goes directly to the solar collector and then into the heat pump operator. If the outlet temperature is lower, the solar pump is turned off and the output from the ground heat exchanger goes directly to the heat pump operator. In cooling mode, if the cold storage source has a temperature higher than the set inlet temperature, the flow from the ground heat exchanger acts as a heat source and enters the heat pump condenser instead of the heat pump operator. The output stream from the operator is then fed into the storage source to meet the cooling needs. If the building doesn't need heating or cooling, the thermal photovoltaic collector's performance is increased by direct heat exchange between it and the ground heat exchanger by activating the circulation pump.

#Section Two #Sequence of Operation Heating Elements: Notes * The set point for calorfiers in the solar system will be different than the set point for the electrical heating element to provide priority to solar energy once available. * The existing thermostats on the heating elements will be set at 90°C and will be considered only as a thermal protection for the heater. * The heating elements control panel include a timer relay not allowing the heating elements to start at the same time to avoid starting current. * Sequence of operation Heating elements operations will be controlled by DeltaTherm®HC Controller based on calorifier temperature. * The controller will receive the temperature reading from the temperature sensor on the calorifier. * Based on the temperature of the calorifier the controller will give signal command to start the heating elements based on the set point. * The set point for every heater will be different. Proposed set points* for heaters as below: Temperature Cut IN. Temperature Cut OFF Heater 1 50°C 55°C Heater 2 48°C 53°C Heater 3. 46°C 51°C Heater 4 44°C 49°C *set points can be changed during operation based on client requirement BMS Termination BMS will be monitoring the below points and will be available from the heater control panel: * Each heater on status from the controller (via contactor). * Each heater is on status from the current switch. #solarenergy #solar thermal #calorifier #energysaving