*Vale a pena refletir sobre o caso brasileiro sob essa perspectiva conceitual e analítica apresentada neste belo texto do sempre excelente Cass Sunstein. Igualmente, esse parece ser um dos possíveis pontos de partida para se explorar um tema muito raro (e muito importante) na discussão da "melhoria institucional" da economia brasileira.* *The Economic Constitution of the United States* "Suppose that the US Department of Transportation wants to issue a new regu-uppose that the US Department of Transportation wants to issue a new regulation, one that would require all new motor vehicles in the United States tolation, one that would require all new motor vehicles in the United States to be equipped with some state-of-the-art safety technology. Will the regulationbe equipped with some state-of-the-art safety technology. Will the regulation go forward? The answer might well lie in the hands of the Office of Information and go forward? The answer might well lie in the hands of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), a small office in the Office of Management and Budget.Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), a small office in the Office of Management and Budget. Headed by an administrator who is nominated by the president and confirmed byHeaded by an administrator who is nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate, OIRA consists of policy analysts, economists, and lawyers, who will askthe Senate, OIRA consists of policy analysts, economists, and lawyers, who will ask whether the benefits of the new regulation would justify the costs. That question whether the benefits of the new regulation would justify the costs. That question is asked not only for motor vehicle safety regulations; it is also asked for climateis asked not only for motor vehicle safety regulations; it is also asked for climate change regulations, occupational safety regulations, water pollution regulations,change regulations, occupational safety regulations, water pollution regulations, immigration regulations, animal welfare regulations, airline safety regulations, and immigration regulations, animal welfare regulations, airline safety regulations, and many others as well. But how do agencies assess costs and benefits? Where will theymany others as well. But how do agencies assess costs and benefits? Where will they look? As it turns out, the United States has something like an Economic Constitution, designed to answer those questions. Most Americans, and even most economists, know nothing about it. Its focus is on human welfare, understood essentially in the economic terms of cost-benefit analysis, with occasional doses of political philosophy (emphasizing, for example, obligations to future generations and the The Economic Constitution of the United States" - ■■ Cass R. Sunstein
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"Argentina devalued in December, but any potential boost for exports has now been squandered. That's because the real exchange rate (black) has climbed back to where it was before the devaluation. Argentina is just the same story over and over. Different leader. Same mistake..." -- Robin Brooks
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O enorme editorial de O Globo de ontem (3/7) , "A nova agenda 30 anos depois do Plano Real", além do saudosismo do que foi feito há 30 anos atrás, embarca na "canoa furada" de que se deva promover a eficiência do Estado/Setor Público brasileiro. Ora, ora, essa ideia de se tentar chegar a uma equilíbrio de eficiência na economia pública já foi de longa data descartada analiticamente. Ela ainda vem do tempo em que se acreditava poder emular analiticamente na economia pública os mecanismos de mercado competitivo. O que move a economia pública são os mecanismos do processo político que são distintos do mercado privado. Para não me alongar muito, sugiro ao leitor que consulte uma longa tabela ("Condicionamentos da escolha individual na economia privada e na economia pública") em que são listadas diferenças entre essas duas classes de mecanismos, em meu livro "Como funciona o governo: escolhas públicas na democracia representativa", FGV Editora, 2016-5a. reimpressão, pp. 21-25. Um jornal do porte de O Globo deveria ter consultores econômicos mais atualizados. No mais, o citado editorial talvez seja apenas parte da celebração nostálgica do Plano Real...
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*Essa tabela é muito útil para ser contraposta à pobreza analítica que está subjacente ao debate econômico brasileiro, que acaba dominado pelo "achismo" dos intelectuais públicos que frequentam a toda hora - sempre os mesmos... - a grande mídia nacional.* -- @ScholarshipfPhd
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🇨🇳💰 "- China's public spending on scientific research is now above America's • Chinese researchers focus mostly on applied fields, whereas US still leads on basic research • Beijing has precise priorities: AI, quantum, chips, neuroscience, genetics, biotech, deep space/oceans" -- Agathe Demarais
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*O recente tema analítico do "novo capitalismo estatal"- em parte decorrente da prática de políticas monetárias na crise de 2008-2009 - vai se tornando dominante na caracterização do que se entende, hoje em dia, como "Banco Central"* "Financialisation, central banks and ‘new’ state capitalism: The case of the US Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank and the Bank of England" https://lnkd.in/dHh7kazF Abstract *"Monetary policies are not usually considered as part of the repertoire of ‘state capitalism’. However, unconventional monetary operations performed by central banks in recent years make this exclusion increasingly problematic. This paper thus explores whether recent central bank interventions should be considered manifestations of ‘new’ state capitalism. Analysis focuses on the actions of three central banks from the advanced capitalist core in the West – the US Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank and the Bank of England. By mobilising the ‘financial chains’ perspective, this paper highlights the fact that, under financialisation, contemporary central banks have assumed a pivotal role in shaping Western capitalism and its uneven geographies. Through these recent unconventional interventions, central banks have in effect become ‘creators’ or ‘generators’ of (financial) capital. As such, their role in shaping uneven economic geographies across space (well beyond their official territorial boundaries) has expanded. Spatial ramifications of central banks’ capital-generating operations could thus fit easily within the framework of ‘uneven and combined state capitalism’. The possibility of considering the unconventional operations of central banks as state capitalist could also go hand in hand with a modified definition of state capitalism. Indeed, the rubric of state capitalism could potentially be enlarged to include configurations of capitalism where the state plays a particularly strong role not only as promoter, supervisor and owner of capital but also as a ‘generator’ of capital. This capital-generating role appears to be essential for the survival of contemporary capitalism."*
Financialisation, central banks and ‘new’ state capitalism: The case of the US Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank and the Bank of England - Martin Sokol, 2022
journals.sagepub.com
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https://lnkd.in/d9S_GYMR "Bro had surgery THREE WEEKS AGO 37 YEARS OLD He is an alien" 😭 -- Swish
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