💡 Demystifying Data Models for Data Analysts
Understanding data models is like having a map in the world of data analysis. They serve as the blueprint for organizing and structuring data, making it easier to navigate through complex datasets and uncover valuable insights. Here's a quick overview:
💠 What is a Data Model?
It's like a blueprint outlining how data is organized within a system, mirroring real-life scenarios to simplify data management.
💠 Types of Data Models:
Conceptual: Focuses on big ideas and concepts.
Logical: Defines structure and relationships with specific terms.
Physical: Specifies how data will be stored in a database system.
💠 Components:
Entities: Real-world objects like customers or products.
Attributes: Characteristics of entities, like names or prices.
Relationships: Connections between entities, such as customer orders.
Constraints: Rules ensuring data accuracy and consistency.
Importance for Data Analysts:
◾ Enables understanding of complex datasets.
◾ Ensures data integrity and consistency.
◾ Optimizes query performance for faster analysis.
◾ Serves as a guide for effective data documentation and collaboration.
💠 Example of pharma industry :
◾ Drug: Represents individual drugs being developed by the pharmaceutical company. Attributes may include DrugID, Name, Description, and DrugType.
◾ ClinicalTrial: Contains information about the clinical trials conducted for testing the efficacy and safety of drugs. Attributes may include TrialID, DrugID (as a foreign key referencing the Drug entity), TrialPhase, StartDate, EndDate, and TrialStatus.
◾ Patient: Represents individuals participating in clinical trials as subjects. Attributes may include PatientID, Name, Gender, DateOfBirth, and MedicalHistory.
◾ TrialParticipant: Connects patients to the clinical trials they participate in. It's a junction table representing the many-to-many relationship between patients and clinical trials. Attributes may include ParticipantID, PatientID (as a foreign key referencing the Patient entity), TrialID (as a foreign key referencing the ClinicalTrial entity), and EnrollmentDate.
➡ Relationships:
◾ One-to-Many:
One drug can be associated with multiple clinical trials, but each clinical trial focuses on one drug.
Each clinical trial can enroll multiple patients, but each patient participates in one or more clinical trials.
◾ Many-to-Many:
Each patient can participate in multiple clinical trials, and each clinical trial can include multiple patients. This relationship is represented through the TrialParticipant table.
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