DyoDelta Biosciences Ltd.’s Post

#Zoonomia is the largest comparative genomics resource for mammals produced to date. 🦓🐋 By aligning 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐬 for 240 species, scientists identified bases that, when 𝒎𝒖𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒅, are likely to affect fitness and alter disease risk. At least 332 million bases (~10.7%) in the human genome are unusually #conserved across species (evolutionarily constrained) relative to neutrally evolving repeats, and 4552 #ultraconserved elements are nearly perfectly conserved. 🧠🧬 Of 101 million significantly constrained single bases, 80% are outside #protein-coding exons and half have no functional annotations in the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) resource.🌍 Changes in genes and regulatory elements are associated with exceptional mammalian traits, such as hibernation, that could inform 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐝𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐩𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭.🚀🌿 #Genomics #Evolution #Biodiversity #ScientificDiscovery #Zoonomia https://lnkd.in/dndRgKU3

New research in the world of genomics! 🧬A fully phased and well-annotated diploid human genome from a Han Chinese male individual (CN1) has been presented, achieving telomere-to-telomere (T2T) level assemblies. This analysis of Chentao Yang et al. reveals the advances of using CN1 as a reference for population genomic studies and paleo-genomic studies. This complete genome will serve as an alternative reference for future genomic studies on the East Asian population. Read the full paper here: https://lnkd.in/dgwEESCt #Genomics #ResearchPaper #ScienceDiscoveries

Fascinating research on Aboriginal Australian's rich and unique genomic diversity by geneticist and Human Origins and Our Future's Biology Program Co-Lead, Associate Professor Bastien Llamas. The remarkable cultural and linguistic diversity of the First Australians is well documented, but their rich and unique genomic diversity is relatively unexplored and under-represented in genomics research globally, with this research aiming to change that. A/Prof Llamas uses cutting edge science to integrate past and present Indigenous genetic diversity from populations around the world to understand how humans adapt to their environment. https://lnkd.in/gqy35uP5

To better support research of underrepresented populations, Zan Koenig, Mary Yohannes, Alicia Martin, and colleagues produced a new easily accessible resource that includes a set of high-quality genomes of diverse ancestry. The team jointly called variants from more than 4,000 whole genomes from 80 populations in the Human Genome Diversity Project and 1000 Genomes Project using data from gnomAD, resulting in 153 million single-nucleotide variants, indels, and structural variants. They performed a detailed ancestry analysis of the data set, demonstrated its improvements over prior versions, and offered tutorials for users of the new resource. Read more in Genome Research. https://lnkd.in/dW5Qrpnw #BroadInstitute #Science #ScienceNews #Research #ScientificResearch

Sequence Homology Vs Sequence Similarity 🧬🧬🧬 Unlocking the distinction between sequence homology and similarity in bioinformatics is crucial for accurate analysis and interpretation of genetic data. While these terms are often used interchangeably, their misuse can lead to misconceptions and flawed conclusions. Understanding the subtle differences between homology, which implies a common ancestral relationship inferred from sequence similarity, and similarity, which is directly observed from sequence alignment, is paramount. By recognizing and appropriately utilizing these concepts, researchers can enhance the reliability and precision of their genomic analyses, ultimately advancing our understanding of genetic relationships and evolutionary patterns. 🧬🧬 #Bioinformatics #Genomics #Genetic #Data

"FANZOR - Genz hero of GENETIC TOOLS" The McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT has identified thousands of programmable DNA-cutting enzymes called Fanzors, which are RNA-guided and can cut DNA at specific sites, similar to CRISPR. These Fanzors were discovered in eukaryotic organisms, including plants, animals, and fungi, and they represent a new frontier in RNA-guided biology. The hope is that these eukaryotic Fanzors may be better suited for safe and efficient use in the cells of other eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Some Fanzors were found to efficiently target DNA sequences in human cells without optimization. This discovery has expanded the known diversity of Fanzors by an order of magnitude, revealing five different families of these enzymes with a long evolutionary history. Fanzors likely evolved from RNA-guided DNA-cutting bacterial enzymes called TnpBs and may have entered eukaryotic cells more than once through various means, including transmission by viruses or symbiotic bacteria. Genetic and biochemical experiments have shown that Fanzors have a distinct DNA-cutting active site compared to their bacterial predecessors, allowing for more precise target cutting. These findings open up possibilities for developing advanced genome editing tools based on Fanzors in the future. source: https://lnkd.in/ghcn6zia #FanzorEnzymes #RNAguidedBiology #GenomeEditing #futuretechnology #naturalgenomictool #crispr Bversity

Transhumanists and Genetic Research A conflicting view to the #euthanasia debate in genetic research is #Transhumanism. Transhumanists believe that humans will eventually be able to live forever through biological and technological advancements, with #geneticresearch paving the way to immortality. There is no doubt that the transhumanist argument is the key to funding most genetic research. Being able to free humans from debilitating genetic diseases is, of course, a noble aspiration. The problem with this is that many #geneticdisorders are rare; with only a miniscule percentage of the population affected by them. Exceptions include diseases like #SickleCellAnemia and #Phenylketonuria, which are more prevalent across Europe, Asia, and Africa. The romantic notion of genetic research opening up the door to eternal life, however, is a universal aspiration and likely to inspire investors to support genetic research. Many of us want more years added to our biological clock. We would like to see what 100 years will mean to the human species. We would like to live more years in leisure, and we would like to see our grandchildren grow up. This is the strength of the transhumanist movement and the argument of biological immortality. Once again, because of the Human Genome Project, and CRSPR, what once seemed like wacky science has now become a probability. #HumanGenomeProject #CRSPR #Transhumanism #gene #geneticresearch #immortality Image: IFLScience

Any other academics want to book club this book with me virtually? "Using Population Descriptors in Genetics and Genomics Research: A New Framework for an Evolving Field (2023)" is a guidebook from @theNASEM. It is available at https://lnkd.in/gdiEsYYJ #genomics #genetics

🤯 Exciting discovery: New "obelisk" entities found living in gut microbes! Scientists have unearthed a new class of mysterious entities living within our gut bacteria! These fascinating microbes, dubbed "obelisks" due to their loop-shaped genetic material, have scientists buzzing. While not technically viruses, obelisks have the potential to significantly impact human health by influencing the genes of their bacterial hosts. This groundbreaking discovery opens up a whole new avenue for research, and scientists are eager to delve deeper into the world of obelisks!  #Microbiome #Human #Health #Scientific #Discovery #Research Science: https://lnkd.in/ewpHrM7W DOI and description of Obelisks: https://lnkd.in/ets2KWDs