Adib Enayati’s Post

New Post: #Breaking: Two New Nations Join Program to Provide #SATCOM Support to #NATO - https://lnkd.in/d-24C_ps Beginning next year, Spain and Luxembourg will join four other NATO nations that provide satellite communications services to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization under a program designated as NATO SATCOM Services 6th Generation or NSS6G. Earlier this month, leaders of the oversight agencies in the six countries met just outside of Washington, D.C., to review the satellite services already being provided, assess the current performance of those services, and address any ongoing challenges, among other things. During these sessions, representatives of NATO's Communications and Information Agency and the six nations agreed on the final text of the amendment to the memorandum of understanding, which provides the framework via which satellite communications services are provided to NATO. The proposed amendment is crafted to enable Luxembourg and Spain to join the U.S., France, Italy and the U.K. as the providers of military satellite communications to NATO. Beginning in 2005, NATO ceased acquiring and operating its own satellites, some of which had been based on designs from the early 1970s. Instead, NATO opted to turn to member states France, Italy and the U.K. to provide NATO forces with the satellite communications they needed while conducting operations. In 2020, the U.S. joined the existing team. Under the arrangement, the U.S. provides support with its "extremely high frequency," or EHF, transport service for NATO nuclear command and control and "super-high frequency," or SHF, capacity from its national Wideband Global Satellite Communications System. Spotlight: DOD Space Strategy France, the U.K. and Italy provide SHF and UHF capacity through their Syracuse, Skynet, and Sicral constellations. Spain and Luxembourg will bring additional SHF and UHF capacity to the consortium from their Spainsat Next Generation and GovSat satellite constellations, respectively. In total, about a dozen military satellites will provide capability to NATO. "These are at varying levels of protection," said Brian Hughes, the current NSS6G Joint Services management office leader in the international affairs office of the U.S. Space Systems Command. "It's all military satellite communications, which means that it has resistance to nuclear effects and has resistance to jamming capabilities that commercial services generally don't have." Hughes said satellite communications services are provided to NATO though a combination of what is called "allocate and commit" and managed services. " where this capacity is actually given to NATO and can use it as it needs it," Hughes said. "And then, we have a managed access service where makes a request at specific times that they need it, and we actually manage the service provided." It's not NATO nations who will directly us

New Post: #Breaking: Two New Nations Join Program to Provide #SATCOM Support to #NATO - https://lnkd.in/dTSxCXKf Beginning next year, Spain and Luxembourg will join four other NATO nations that provide satellite communications services to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization under a program designated as NATO SATCOM Services 6th Generation or NSS6G. Earlier this month, leaders of the oversight agencies in the six countries met just outside of Washington, D.C., to review the satellite services already being provided, assess the current performance of those services, and address any ongoing challenges, among other things. During these sessions, representatives of NATO's Communications and Information Agency and the six nations agreed on the final text of the amendment to the memorandum of understanding, which provides the framework via which satellite communications services are provided to NATO. The proposed amendment is crafted to enable Luxembourg and Spain to join the U.S., France, Italy and the U.K. as the providers of military satellite communications to NATO. Beginning in 2005, NATO ceased acquiring and operating its own satellites, some of which had been based on designs from the early 1970s. Instead, NATO opted to turn to member states France, Italy and the U.K. to provide NATO forces with the satellite communications they needed while conducting operations. In 2020, the U.S. joined the existing team. Under the arrangement, the U.S. provides support with its "extremely high frequency," or EHF, transport service for NATO nuclear command and control and "super-high frequency," or SHF, capacity from its national Wideband Global Satellite Communications System. Spotlight: DOD Space Strategy France, the U.K. and Italy provide SHF and UHF capacity through their Syracuse, Skynet, and Sicral constellations. Spain and Luxembourg will bring additional SHF and UHF capacity to the consortium from their Spainsat Next Generation and GovSat satellite constellations, respectively. In total, about a dozen military satellites will provide capability to NATO. "These are at varying levels of protection," said Brian Hughes, the current NSS6G Joint Services management office leader in the international affairs office of the U.S. Space Systems Command. "It's all military satellite communications, which means that it has resistance to nuclear effects and has resistance to jamming capabilities that commercial services generally don't have." Hughes said satellite communications services are provided to NATO though a combination of what is called "allocate and commit" and managed services. " where this capacity is actually given to NATO and can use it as it needs it," Hughes said. "And then, we have a managed access service where makes a request at specific times that they need it, and we actually manage the service provided." It's not NATO nations who will directly us

New Post: #Breaking: Two New Nations Join Program to Provide #SATCOM Support to #NATO - https://lnkd.in/d-24C_ps Beginning next year, Spain and Luxembourg will join four other NATO nations that provide satellite communications services to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization under a program designated as NATO SATCOM Services 6th Generation or NSS6G. Earlier this month, leaders of the oversight agencies in the six countries met just outside of Washington, D.C., to review the satellite services already being provided, assess the current performance of those services, and address any ongoing challenges, among other things. During these sessions, representatives of NATO's Communications and Information Agency and the six nations agreed on the final text of the amendment to the memorandum of understanding, which provides the framework via which satellite communications services are provided to NATO. The proposed amendment is crafted to enable Luxembourg and Spain to join the U.S., France, Italy and the U.K. as the providers of military satellite communications to NATO. Beginning in 2005, NATO ceased acquiring and operating its own satellites, some of which had been based on designs from the early 1970s. Instead, NATO opted to turn to member states France, Italy and the U.K. to provide NATO forces with the satellite communications they needed while conducting operations. In 2020, the U.S. joined the existing team. Under the arrangement, the U.S. provides support with its "extremely high frequency," or EHF, transport service for NATO nuclear command and control and "super-high frequency," or SHF, capacity from its national Wideband Global Satellite Communications System. Spotlight: DOD Space Strategy France, the U.K. and Italy provide SHF and UHF capacity through their Syracuse, Skynet, and Sicral constellations. Spain and Luxembourg will bring additional SHF and UHF capacity to the consortium from their Spainsat Next Generation and GovSat satellite constellations, respectively. In total, about a dozen military satellites will provide capability to NATO. "These are at varying levels of protection," said Brian Hughes, the current NSS6G Joint Services management office leader in the international affairs office of the U.S. Space Systems Command. "It's all military satellite communications, which means that it has resistance to nuclear effects and has resistance to jamming capabilities that commercial services generally don't have." Hughes said satellite communications services are provided to NATO though a combination of what is called "allocate and commit" and managed services. " where this capacity is actually given to NATO and can use it as it needs it," Hughes said. "And then, we have a managed access service where makes a request at specific times that they need it, and we actually manage the service provided." It's not NATO nations who will directly us

In "Dutch F-35s Take On A Full Nuclear Role" by Thomas Newdick for The War Zone, the Netherlands has declared that its F-35 stealth fighters are now fully responsible for the nuclear strike role, marking a significant shift in NATO's nuclear deterrence strategy in Europe. Effective June 1, the F-35A jets from the Royal Netherlands Air Force's (RNLAF) 313 Squadron at Volkel Air Base will take over the mission from the aging F-16s. This transition underscores the Netherlands' commitment to NATO's nuclear deterrence and reflects broader strategic adjustments in response to increasing tensions with Russia. The article highlights the comprehensive process the F-35 underwent to achieve full certification for carrying the B61-12 thermonuclear bomb, which was confirmed in March. This development is part of a broader enhancement of the Netherlands' military capabilities, including plans to acquire Tomahawk cruise missiles and JASSM-ER missiles for the F-35s. The RNLAF's transparency about this nuclear mission is noteworthy, given the historical secrecy surrounding NATO's nuclear capabilities. This openness has provided insights into the timeline and procedural rigor involved in transitioning the F-35 to its nuclear role. The F-35's integration into NATO's nuclear strategy represents a significant technological upgrade from the fourth-generation F-16 and Panavia Tornado aircraft previously relied upon. The F-35’s advanced stealth capabilities and survivability enhance its effectiveness as a nuclear delivery platform, complicating potential adversarial defense strategies. This strategic shift is part of a broader realignment within NATO, as other member countries, including Belgium, Germany, Italy, and potentially Poland, prepare to integrate the F-35 into their nuclear capabilities. The article emphasizes the geopolitical implications of this transition amid deteriorating relations between Russia and NATO.

"Putin announced the successful test of the 9M730 "Burevestnik" (NATO: SSC-X-9 "Skyfall"). " https://lnkd.in/eCTaRz63 A short analysis and reading recommendation: The Burevestnik (rus.:Stormy Petrel) is a nuclear powered intercontinental Cruise Missile. Its aim is the circumvention of Strategic Missile Defences employed by Western states such as RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 interceptors deployed at NATO's Eastern Flank. Trajectories from Northern approaches are only guarded by Naval assets. The cruise missile unique abilities in immense range and loitering capacity make it a novelty in the realm of nuclear strategy. Due to the nature of a cruise missile it is not impossible to intercept. It has a sub-sonic speed and cannot react in real time to aerial or stationary threats unknown to the system before launch. Thus, it is far from being a perfect weapon. The Burevestnik is one of six novel systems and was first unveiled on Russian TV in 2018. These new systems were also part of a wideranging media campaign in Russia. Part of this was a competition to name the new weapon systems. The Russian name for the cruise missile is ‘Burevestnik’ (stormy petrel, a type of bird), based on a poem of the same name by Maxim Gorki. The poem describes the adventures of the stormy petrel and inspires national pride. During the Soviet Union, the poem was a mandatory curriculum in schools and led to schools and even chocolates being named after the imaginary bird. The poem describes the bird not backing down even under dire conditions. Clearly, a name of such national patriotic significance has not been chosen accidentally. The Defence Horizon Journal Thus, the Burevestnik and its message has also a major domestic target audience. Ultimately, Burevestnik is aimed at the cognitive side of nuclear deterrence. It seeks to instil the emotion fear back into the equation. Nuclear Strategic Consideration: While the Burevestnik could be a game changer on the tactical and operational level. However, it does not alter the strategic balance between the Russian Federation and NATO at the strategic level. During a warfighting scenario, it could be used to threaten and destroy vital C3 assets, needed for nuclear control. For further reading regarding the strategic aspects of the "novel" russian systems, I would recommend my analysis from 2022. https://lnkd.in/ewSdqvNi Bruno Clermont Lena Kampf Matthias Wasinger Christian Munz Axel Ringeisen Derek Grossman Dermot N. Alexander Dergay Nirit Pisano, Ph.D. Ben Fajzullin 🏳️🌈André Uzulis Tamara Bilic Dr. Peter Hefele Marjorie Vanbaelinghem Roderich Kiesewetter Lucas F. Hellemeier

Russia May Be Planning to Use  Nuclear Weapons in Space   Pavel Luzin for Eurasia Daily Monitor   Executive Summary: •Russia has acknowledged its inability to compete with the West in space and is looking for solutions to shore up the weaknesses of its space program. •Moscow views the military satellite systems of the United States and its allies as a significant military threat, with concerns growing that these systems could be used to gain military advantages. •The Kremlin will likely employ the “escalation for de-escalation/nuclear de-escalation” concept to demoralize adversaries during conventional wars and force negotiations, specifically relying on its Strategic Rocket Forces. https://lnkd.in/e9BbsRfa

The Joint Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defence Centre of Excellence experts strive to promote dynamic and innovative methods to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and to protect against incidents involving the use of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear tactics. “The unprovoked Russian aggression in Ukraine…reminded us that future conflicts may not be a clash between society and non-state actors, such as terrorist groups, as we anticipated during the last 30 years,” said JCBRN Defence COE Director, Colonel David Martínek, Czech Republic – Army. “We should be prepared for a conflict between states with a full range of military capabilities.” While Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear weapons have not been used against Ukraine, they have been exploited in a type of hybrid warfare as Russian authorities have threatened their use. These kinds of psychological tactics involving the world’s deadliest weapons are precisely why NATO Centres of Excellence like the #JCBRN Defence #COE are critical. They provide updated study of #Chemical, #Biological, #Radiological and #Nuclear concept development, doctrine and standards, capabilities development, defence planning, experimentation, education and training, lessons learned, modelling and simulation and operations support. More on this important #NATO know-how hub: https://lnkd.in/ekVkW3Y2 #WeAreNATO

💬 ‘For now, Russian nuclear rhetoric has not been effective in coercing NATO or Ukraine.’ 🖊️ Read our report on NATO's new deterrence baseline and the future of extended nuclear deterrence:

The AN/DRC-8 Emergency Rocket Communications System (ERCS) was a pivotal yet obscure component of America's Cold War-era strategic command and control setup. Designed to ensure missile and bomber launches even if conventional communications were disrupted, ERCS exemplified Cold War ingenuity amid nuclear brinkmanship. This system was essentially a missile that could deliver emergency action messages (EAMs) directly from the president to field forces, ensuring the credibility of America's nuclear deterrent. ERCS development began in 1961 when Strategic Air Command (SAC) sought a reliable backup for transmitting launch orders. Initially paired with Blue Scout Junior rockets, the system faced vulnerabilities, prompting a shift to Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missiles for greater protection. Despite early challenges, by the late 1960s, ERCS had successfully integrated with Minuteman II missiles, becoming fully operational and capable of broadcasting EAMs via UHF radio from a sub-orbital trajectory. This system remained in service until the end of the Cold War, ensuring that launch orders could be transmitted under virtually any circumstances. Although ERCS and similar systems like the Soviet Union's Perimeter never needed to be used, they underscored the intense focus on maintaining strategic communication capabilities during the Cold War. Today, while ERCS is no longer active, the legacy of such systems persists. Modern efforts continue to evolve, ensuring robust communication with nuclear forces, including advancements in airborne command posts and space-based communications. This ongoing development reflects the enduring need to safeguard command and control in the most critical situations. (Tyler Rogoway, "America's Cold War Doomsday Satellite," The War Zone, June 4, 2024).

F-35 Takes Over Dutch Nuclear Task within NATO from F-16 The Royal Netherlands Air Force is making a significant step in transitioning from the F-16 to the F-35. Starting Saturday, June 1st, the advanced fighter jet will fully assume the Dutch nuclear task within NATO from the F-16. The Netherlands is one of the NATO allies providing Dual-Capable Aircraft for this NATO mission, and it is the first European country to transition to the F-35 for this purpose. The transition from the F-16 to the F-35 for NATO's nuclear task began years ago. Over the past few years, a comprehensive process of testing and certification of the F-35 for the nuclear task has taken place. The Royal Netherlands Air Force had already adopted the F-35 for conventional missions. Volkel Air Base, which previously hosted the F-16s, is now the home of the dual-capable F-35 fighter jets responsible for the nuclear mission. This involves one squadron of F-35s. With this transition, the Netherlands reaffirms its long-standing commitment to NATO's nuclear deterrence. NATO's nuclear deterrence is essential for the security of the alliance and, by extension, the safety of the Netherlands. The fundamental purpose of NATO's nuclear capability is to maintain peace, prevent coercion, and deter aggression. #nato #nuclear #klu #F35