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This paper addresses the question pertaining to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on human life and the problem of poverty. The study is aware of the difficulty that governments face in terms of finding a balance between reviving the economy and protecting public health interests, and it provides an analysis with regard to how the Pandemic affected the socioeconomic situation of people in the Philippines. Also, the study notes the alleged corruption committed by some government officials and provides insights on how the Covid-19 pandemic affected the religious sector. Philosophically, it attempts to explain the relationship between the Pandemic, inequality, and the question of global justice. We suggest that the Pandemic makes apparent the hegemonic order in the world and reveals the unequal distribution of resources in society, even under the conditions of a global, highly communicable disease. The clear denial of at least a public-commons of immunity allowed the rich to amass even more wealth, while millions have lost their jobs, fallen into destitution, were maimed by the virus or died from it. The religious sector felt the global effects working against its efforts to provide assistance to the poor and basic human solidarity was largely the effort of the people themselves. Finally, the study argues that an ethical balance between public health and economic recovery is needed where we suggest that the pandemic has seriously worsened the situations of the majority of people worldwide.
2020 •
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a significant challenge to governments all over the world. In many ways, it has exposed the weaknesses of the Philippine government and its structures. While the government rightly imposed a lockdown on its people, it resulted in the marginalization of the poor. If only government policies and programs were informed by the Catholic social tradition, the government would be in a better position of truly being at the service of its people. The crisis presents a unique opportunity to the government to rethink of its structures and projects that would enable it to contribute to the formation of communities that foster human dignity and development.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
The Dignity of Human Nature, the Tensions of the Pandemic and the Post-Pandemic Challenges2022 •
Covid-19 global pandemic is no doubt the most global public health challenge facing humanity today. it has disrupted economies, social services and even political arrangements. With no quick solution at hand to address Covid-19 apart from preventive measures such as wearing face masks, sanitizers and social distance, the questions in many people's minds is what next. I propose a holistic approach to Covid-19 that will look at this global pandemic from philosophical, theological and political economic dimensions without neglecting the medical aspect.
Discusiones Filosóficas
Ideology in the Time of Pandemic: A Filipino Experience2021 •
This paper attempts to hermeneutically explore and understand Filipino moral ideologies in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study frames its ideology from the conceptual tradition of Karl Marx and other philosophers who shared the common idea that ideology has material existence. As Althusser put it, ideology does not exist in the ‘world of ideas’ conceived as a ‘spiritual world,’ but “ideology exists in institutions and the practices specific to them.” This paper discusses first the concept of moral ideology. The discussion focuses morality as ideology that causes a gap between the rich and the poor. Next, it discusses certain Filipino moral ideologies: Utang na Loob (debt of gratitude), Sakop (group)-oriented and Bahala Na. At the same time, it presents how some politicians and high public officials have taken advantage of these ideologies to promote self-interest. Lastly, the relation between Filipino moral ideologies and politics are manifested in the current situation. ...
This paper considers the obligation higher income countries have to lower and middle income countries during a global pandemic. Further considers which reforms are needed to the global supply-chain of medical resources. The short-comings in distribution and medical infrastructure have exacerbated the health crisis in developing countries. Global justice demands radical redistribution of medical resources in order to prevent mass casualties. This is argued first by highlighting that the COVID-19 pandemic should be acknowledged as an issue of global justice, secondly, higher income countries ought to account for distribution inequity as a matter of rectifying past injustices, and thirdly argue for reform in distribution while considering the vaccine rollout as a prime example. We aim to show how the differences from country to country in response capabilities are a result of the economic foundation colonialism established and a direct result of cyclical poverty, which wealthy countrie...
Organized by the Centre for Ethics as Study in Human Value, University of Pardubice, Czech Republic
“Hope and Despair”: A Philosophical Analysis of Thanatopolitics in the Philippine Public Health Crisis2021 •
The disruption of life’s normality under the current global pandemic raised a deep existential concern and ethical import in our lives both as an individual and as a part of society. Despite the plea for solidarity among leaders and policymakers in the Global community, the contrasting approach of both known democratic and prevalent authoritarian leaders of our times in addressing the crisis either revealed its success or its utter failure. If examined from the milieu of the latter, the outbreak of COVID-19 unveiled the injustices of the global political-economic order due to the exclusionary tactics it uses. This includes the clear rift between the privileged and marginalized where the issues of healthcare systems raise the question “what did COVID-19 reveal about global health systems?” and the manner in which bodies are orchestrated to be subjects of discipline. It is perhaps evident enough that we have witnessed how the exercise of power over life by the state and its apparatuses has intensified in terms of governing subjects as an iota of the whole population. Such control over the life of the species amidst the pandemic is not solely a biological concern intended to contain the virus but is also a political question on how we are governed and contained in the confines of our social spaces. This demands from us a normative insight that shall call into question the forms of domination that have been normalized under the label of the “new normal”, or perhaps point out how much of what is revealed has been with us or has been in the underbelly of our systems all along. This paper shall work on the premise that the current pandemic demystified how the authoritarian tendencies of current populist leaders such as Duterte govern via the paradox of strategic control without a political blueprint to sustain the life of the population. The thread of our discussion will follow four important points: first, as a springboard of the succeeding points, it is set to discuss important aspects of Foucault’s concept of biopolitics to shed light on how current practices of government resonate his genealogical description; second, developed out from the previous point is the emphasis on how the current practice of governing subjects reveal not the supposed security of the population but its divisive tactic to let a selected segment of the population be allowed to thrive while vulnerable communities are left to die. Third, to describe how the obverse of Foucault’s biopolitics – i.e. ‘thanatopolitics’ which focuses on how “death” both as a physical and psychological violence is politically produced – unfold in the context of the Philippine pandemic. And last, in challenging these practices of state of exception, what political philosophy can offer in the response to the government that failed to promote, improve, and sustain the social well-being of the general population.
The Philippine Covid-19 Vaccination Program was first met with suspicion in 2020. This hesitancy is caused by personal, interpersonal, and systemic factors. Given that the majority of people are still Catholic, the Catholic Church has a key role to play in this societal concern. The Vatican has said that Covid-19 vaccination is essential and must be viewed as a single "act of love." The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith has clarified several aspects of its morality. A local initiative led by the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines has partnered with scientists and local governments to promote vaccination among Filipinos. So, in just two years, the country has gone from being anti-vaccine to pro-vaccine. The population was immunized to around 70% by January 2022. It's close to the herd immunity goal of 80%. This paper will (1) analyze the positive and negative impacts of Covid-19 vaccination in the Philippines, (2) discuss the Church's viewpoint on these concerns, and (3) discuss some pastoral initiatives taken by the Church to address these difficulties in relation to the New Evangelization.
Bedan Law Review
Enforcing the Right to Health: The Philippines and Covid-19 from a Human Rights Perspective2021 •
Respect for, protection, and fulfillment of human rights anchor the modern international legal system that emerged in the latter half of the 20th century. More than their persuasive political and normative content, human rights contain obligations mainly legally binding upon States in their relations with those governed. They create legal relationships between duty-bearers of human rights obligations and rights-holders. The present system of international human rights law emerged out of the wreckage of global conflict and destruction, with sovereign States coming together in recognition of the need to respect human dignity. Generally embodied within the international human rights treaty regime, human rights as legal concepts embrace the primary duties of States to nurture the totality of the human condition. While civil and political rights are the main set of rights that come to mind in any discussion of legally enforceable rights, economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCR) are no less important or enforceable. These two main groups of rights are complementary and deeply entangled in terms of their normative aims and practical enforcement. With a global pandemic posing challenges to the elasticity of traditional legal concepts, there is a pressing need to examine how human rights can withstand the seeming need for increased State control. The right to health especially surfaces as a crucial species of rights in the context of the contemporary crisis brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. This brief essay first surveys the foundations of the right to health in international law. It then looks at how this right has been shaped and enforced in the domestic legal sphere. Finally, it will examine the prospects of enforcing the right to health within the context of the COVID-19 public health emergency in the Philippines.
Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics
"Moral leadership during the pandemic." In Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics Volume 30, Number 6 (August 2020): 284-288.2020 •
The Covid-19 Pandemic manifests the important role of moral leadership in managing a crisis. In the light of the big disruptions to both public life and private enterprise, the need for an ethics of virtue becomes apparent. Most governments usually look into the consequences to the economy but disregard the meaningful role of moral character in making sound judgment. This article is an attempt to look into local experiences and values in contrast to institutional approaches in the West when it comes to the response to the Covid-19 public health emergency in the Philippines and elsewhere.
This short article analyses the dialecs between poverty, politics in the wake of chronavirus.
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International Journal of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies
Keeping the Faith: Filipino Catholic Responses to the Covid-19 PandemicEubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics
"Figuring out how to live in a post-pandemic world." In Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics Volume 30, Number 8 (October 2020): 449-452.2020 •
2021 •
2nd International Theological Conference
THE ROLE OF THEOLOGY IN THE POST-(COVID-19)PANDEMIC WORLD2021 •
BZT Academy Publishing House, Turkey , USA
Social Responsibility of Philippine Public and Private agencies During Covid-19: Basis for Post- Pandemic Policies2022 •
Christian Journal for Global Health
The Impact of COVID-19 on Church Gatherings in the Philippines: A Policy AnalysisInternational Journal of Philosophy
The Quarantine Policy of the Philippines in Ross Upshur’s Ethical PrinciplesAfkar: Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam, Special Issue on COVID -19
COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE MORAL VALUES IN CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAMEubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics
"The Covid-19 Pandemic and Social Inequality." In Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics, Volume 30, Number 5 (June 2020): 234-237.2020 •
The Antoninus Journal
From Devotion to Action: Practicing Holiness amidst the COVID-19 Crisis in the Philippines2020 •
HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies
COVID-19 vaccines, public health goods and Catholic social teaching: Why justice must prevail over charity in the global vaccine distribution2022 •
International Journal of Islamic Thought
Religion and Covid-19 in the Era of Post-Truth: The Case of Indonesia2020 •
Philippine Political Science Journal
Pandemic Politics in the Philippines: An Introduction from the Special Issue Editors2022 •
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