Effect of water cluster on surface coverage data. Left panel: surface coverage (H₂O nm⁻²) as a function of time (s) at n_H2O  =  6  ×  10¹⁰ cm⁻³ and T  =  700 K, with cluster effect (pink curve) and without (light blue curve). Right panel: snapshots of the grid resembling the [1 0 0] forsterite surface showing the adsorption energy of the occupied sites without (middle plot) and with (right plot) cluster effect. The color scale indicates the adsorption energy in the range from 13 000 K (blue) to 25 000 K (yellow).