Potential biological pathways linking Type-D personality and poor health: A cross-sectional investigation

Effective treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is primarily determined by adherence to the selected intervention. The most common treatment pathways are mechanical devices such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or a mandibular advancement device, often combined with weight loss therapy. Weight reduction is usually an adjunct therapy but may be used as a secondary treatment in mild-to-moderate OSA when mechanical treatments cannot be tolerated. To enhance the uptake and adherence to treatment, clinicians may assess patient's personality profiles and psychological readiness. There is a paucity of evidence related to these aspects of patient care and this article outlines the current research in relation to patient presentation, treatment uptake and barriers, and methods to enhance treatment adherence.This article disseminates personality traits observed in patients with OSA and identifies vulnerable groups who may require additional support to increase treatment adherence. It summarises the current evidence for treatment barriers in patients with OSA. Low self-efficacy in relation to CPAP and weight loss adherence will be explored as well as the potential to predict treatment responders and enhance therapeutic uptake and adherence. Extending personality traits into research and clinical practice could potentially result in more successful CPAP therapy and weight loss treatment outcomes.

Purpose. One of the keys to identifying health problems from the holistic perspective is the knowledge of type D personality (distressed personality). Diagnosing this personality disorder among female football players may help sports psychologists, coaches, parents/caregivers, and all those engaged in training new sports entrants develop guidelines on how to resolve the problem. Methods. the study involved female footballers representing a Polish Ekstraliga football club, AZS-PSW Biała Podlaska, and was conducted with the use of the Polish adaptation of the DS14 scale.Results. In a group of 21 footballers, 7 (33.3%) were diagnosed with type D personality. Besides, a negative correlation was noted between the level of satisfaction with playing football and one of the dimensions of type D personality -negative emotionality. Conclusions. the results of the study may be applicable in formulating practical recommendations while preparing mental training programmes. Key words: distressed personality, psychology, women's football

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Type D personality on life stress in university students. Methods: A total of 226 students were recruited from 2 universities. Data were collected from December 1 to 20, 2016. Results: About 40.3% of participants were classified as Type D personality group. Students with type D personality had lower major satisfaction and university satisfaction than students who did not. In addition, life stresses were higher as Type D personality, were negatively correlated with major satisfaction and university satisfaction. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop an intervention program so that Type D personality students can cope with stress actively.