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MIND diet and cognitive function and its decline: A prospective study and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Liyan Huang
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
Yang Tao
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
Hui Chen
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
Xiao Chen
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
Jie Shen
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
Caifeng Zhao
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
Xin Xu
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
Mengjie He
Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China, 310051.
Dafang Zhu
Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China, 310051.
Ronghua Zhang
Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China, 310051.
Min Yang
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
Yan Zheng
Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Changzheng Yuan
School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, U.S., 02115.

Author information

Affiliations

  • 8 authors
    1. School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058.
  • 3 authors
    2. Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China, 310051.
  • 1 author
    3. Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
  • 1 author
    4. School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310058; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, U.S., 02115.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 25 Apr 2023, :S0002-9165(23)47385-6
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.025 PMID: 37105521 

Abstract 

Background

Evidence on the association of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet with cognitive aging is limited and inconsistent.

Objective

We examined how the MIND diet is related to cognitive function and its decline among middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

We included 4066 participants with baseline dietary assessment and at least one cognitive test from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 1997, 2000, 2004, and 2006, with a median follow-up of 3 years. The modified MIND diet score (range: 0-12) was calculated based on nine healthy and three unhealthy food groups. Linear mixed-effect models were used to examine the association of adherence to the MIND diet with z-scores of cognitive function and cognitive decline. We also conducted a meta-analysis including our findings and seven other cohort studies.

Results

At baseline, median MIND diet scores for the increasing tertile were 3.0, 4.0, and 5.5, respectively. Participants with higher MIND diet scores had significant better global cognitive function. The adjusted difference in global cognitive function z-score for every three-point increment of MIND diet scores was 0.11 (95% CI, 0.06, 0.16, p-trend<0.001), which was approximately equivalent to being one year younger in age. Consumption of nuts, fish, red meats, and tea showed independent positive associations with cognitive function, and fried food consumption exhibited negative associations. In the meta-analysis of 26,103 participants, one standardized deviation increment of the MIND score was associated with 0.042 (95 % CI 0.020, 0.065) units higher in global cognitive function z-score and 0.014 (95 % CI -0.010, 0.037) units slower in annual cognitive decline.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that higher adherence to the MIND diet was associated with better cognitive function and potentially slower cognitive decline in later life. Further large-scale observational and interventional studies are warranted to elucidate the cognitive effects of the MIND diet.

Prospero registry number

This meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022330417.

Full text links 

Read article at publisher's site (DOI): 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.025